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Potrebe ozime pšenice za vodom obračunate CROPWAT 8.0 modelom i metodom vodnog bilansa u uslovima južne Srbije
Get PDFThe experimental investigation through field trials has been carried out in the river
valley of Južna Morava, municipality of Merošina, on the alluvium soil type, during the
period 2009-2011. Water used on evapotranspiration of winter wheat (289.5-410.7 mm)
was measured by water balance method. Considering average for both investigated years,
the highest grain yield of winter wheat was observed at the variant with pre-irrigation soil
moisture 70% of FWC (7110 kg ha-1 and 7480 kg ha-1), so measured values of ET at this
variant from 381.1 to 393.1 mm represent potential evapotranspiration (ETP) of winter
wheat in southern Serbia. Calculated demand for water of winter wheat (ETc) by
CROPWAT model for the season 2009/10 was 409.9 mm, while in the season 2010/11
calculated water consumption amounted 432.6 mm of water.Eksperimentalna istraživanja poljskim ogledom u uslovima navodnjavanja
obavljena su u dolini reke Južna Morava, na aluvijalnom zemljištu u periodu 2009-
2011. Metodom vodnog bilansa izmeren je utrošak vode ozime pšenice na
evapotranspiraciju (289,5–410,7 mm). Za obe godine istraživanja najviši prinosi zrna
ozime pšenice dobijeni su na varijanti sa predzalivnom vlažnošću 70% od PVK (7110
kg ha-1 i 7480 kg ha-1), zato izmerene vrednosti ET na ovoj varijanti od 381,1 do 393,1
mm predstavljaju potencijalnu evapotranspiraciju (ETP) pšenice za uslove u južnoj
Srbiji. Obračunate potrebe pšenice za vodom (ETc) CROPWAT modelom za sezonu
2009/10 bile su 442,7 mm, dok je u sezoni 2010/11 obračunat utrošak od 461,4 mm
vode
Usage of Biologics on Tomatoes and Peppers
Get PDFIn fruit growing, nowadays a lot of chemical products are used
(insecticide, fungicide etc.) in order to protect the plants. However, lately the markets
are in need of gardening products which are not treated with pesticide but protected with
biologics. In gardening, biological fight against the insects and the diseases is not much
maintained because the shares are lower and the gardening products are on a great
demand and are very profitable. Due to the great profit of the gardening products, less
attention is paid to the biological fight for protection. However, the great environmental
pollution evokes great interest in consuming healthy gardening products.
Due to the mentioned reasons, lately, fruit producers show interest for usage of
biologics to protect the gardening products from some insects and diseases. There
appear to be many biologics but the producers of gardening products are not well
informed because the interest of usage of biologics is not high. By all means, the market
provides verified biologics which show good production results. The great interest in
usage of biologics to protect the gardening products from diseases and insects increases,
whereas the interest of research institutions to discover better biologics is getting bigger
Ostaci pesticida u organskim proizvodima
Get PDFFood from organic production systems in recent years gain increasingly significant
place in the market. Awareness of the benefits of the food products that were created
with no application of agrochemicals is becoming increasingly prominent. The presence
of chemical agents can not be totally excluded, even when applying all the principles of
organic production because residues present in the soil, applied long before the
mandatory conversion time of five years, may affect the quality of organic products.
The aim of this study was to determine the presence of 50 pesticide in vegetables from
organic production. The vegetable samples were taken from green markets. Pesticide
residues, higher than the detection limit and less than the maximum allowable
concentration (MAC) are present in 52%, 23% and 2% respectively for organochlorine,
carbamate and organophosphate insecticides, while carbamates were not detected in any
sample. MAC is exceeded in one sample of kohlrabi, eggplant, parsley, potatoes,
peppers, beets and cabbage, for the content of HCH and metabolites, aldrin and
metabolites, endrine, heptachlor and metabolites, phosalone and azinphos-methyl.Poljoprivredni proizvodi iz organskog sistema proizvodnje poslednjih godina
imaju sve značajnije mesto na tržištu. Svest ljudi o prednostima ishrane proizvodima koji
su nastali uz minimalnu primenu agrohemikalija, postaje sve izraženija. Prisustvo
hemijskih sredstava se ne može potpuno isključiti, čak i kada se primenjuju svi principi
organske proizvodnje, jer rezidue prisutne u zemljištu aplicirane mnogo pre početka
obaveznog vremena konverzije mogu da utiču na kvalitet organskih proizvoda. Cilj ovog
istraživanja je utvrđivanje prisustva ostataka perzistentnih i drugih pesticida u povrću iz
organske proizvodnje. U uzorcima povrća: blitve, brokolija, bundeve, celera, cvekle,
karfiola, kelerabe, krastavca, krompira, kupusa, paprike, patlidžana, peršuna, šargarepe i
tikvica, uzetim na novosadskim zelenim pijacama, ispitan je sadržaj ostataka 50 pesticida i
njihovih metabolita. Ostaci pesticida, viši od limita detekcije primenjene metode, a manji
od maksimalno dozvoljene koncentracije (MDK) su prisutni u 52 %, 23 % i 2 % uzoraka,
respektivno za organohlorne, karbamatne i organofosforne insekticide, dok karbamati nisu
detektovani ni u jednom uzorku. MDK vrednost je premašena u po jednom uzorku
kelerabe, patlidžana, peršuna, krompira, paprike, cvekle i kupusa u pogledu sadržaja HCH
i metabolita, aldrina i metabolita, endrina, heptahlora i metabolita, fosalona i azinfosmetila
Praktična iskustva u preradi vode
Get PDFThis paper shows practical experiences of the author obtained during multiyear
work on water treatment. This study showed problems and how to solve them in various
fields of water treatment such as recovery of rural and local water supplies, water
treatment for industrial use, recovery of water contaminated by industrial accidents,
pools and pool equipments. This study also showed the prototype of mobile water
treatment plant. The equipments and standard methods of water treatments were also
shown.U ovom radu prikazana su praktična iskustva stečena tokom višegodišnjeg
rada autora u preradi vode. Prikazani su postojeći problemi i njihovo rešavanje u različitim
oblastima kao što su sanacija seoskih i lokalnih vodovoda, prerada vode za industrijsku
upotrebu, prečišćavanje vode kontaminirane usled industrijskih havarija, bazeni i
bazenska tehnika. Takođe je predstavljen prototip mobilnog postrojenja za preradu vode.
U radu su takođe predstavljeni oprema i standardne metode za preradu vode
Sanacija animalnog otpada u funkciji održivog razvoja
Get PDFIn the world, the best way of harmless removal of animal waste from meat industry as
well as died animals is exactly their collecting and utilization (for feed production,
chemical industry and fuel), depending of raw material structure and its
characterization, their processing in special plants with modern equipment and
technology.
The environment is now threatened by the creation and accumulation of waste materials
in all branches of industrial production and in the meat industry. The importance of
harmless removal of animal wastes increases with the intensification of animal breeding
and with development of meat processing plants.Značaj neškodljivog uklanjanja sporedhih proizvoda klanja životinja raste sa
intenziviranjem stočarske proizvodnje i razvojem pogona za preradu mesa. Danas je to
nezamenjiva veterinarsko sanitarna i preventivna mera u suzbijanju stočnih zaraza i
zoonoza, a sve se više naglašava njena uloga u saniranju i očuvanju životne sredine.
Najcelishodniji put za neškodljivo uklanjanje otpadaka iz industrije mesa kao i
uginulih životinja je upravo njihovo sakupljanje i iskorišćenje (u proizvodnji hrane za
životinje, hemijsku industriju ili pogonsko gorivo), tehničkom preradom u specijalnim
fabrikama sa savremenom opremom i tehnologijom
Karakteristike eritrocita babuške (Carassius gibelio) iz jezera Vidara
Get PDFFishes are ectotherm organisms which to external stimuli response with changes in
the values of some haematological parameters. Research included erythrocytes of 25
individuals Carassius gibelio from Lake Vidara (Bosnia and Herzegovina). Prussian
carp has erythrocytes size of 14.51 microns x 9.06 microns, and the nucleus of
erythrocyte size of 5.89 microns x 3.58 microns. Younger individuals Prussian carp
have a higher number of red blood cells, so age Carassius gibelio and its number of red
blood cells was significant negatively correlated.Ribe su ektotermni organizmi koji na spoljašnje stimuluse odgovaraju
promjenama u vrijednostima određenih hematoloških parametara. Istraživanja eritrocita
su obuhvatila 25 jedinki babuške (Carassius gibelio) iz jezera Vidara (Bosna i
Hercegovina). Eritrociti babuške imaju veličinu 14,51 μm x 9,06 μm, dok su jedra
eritrocita veličine 5,89 μm x 3,58 μm. Mlađe jedinke analizirane vrste imaju veći broj
eritrocita, odnosno starost i broj eritrocita signifikantno negativno koreliraju
Aerozagađenje polenom Ambrosia Artemisiifolia L. Na teritoriji grada Novog Sada
Get PDFAs important weed on agricultural areas, Ambrosia artemisiifolia L.
represents a great problem. This weed species is also recognized as significant
allergenic species, representing thus significant medical and economic problem. One
gram of Ambrosia artemisiifolia L. pollen contains 30-35 million of pollen grains, and
during the year, one plant can produce more than 45 grams (<1350 million) of pollen
grains. During 2014 pollination season, the amount of ragweed was measured at Faculty
of Agriculture. Measured pollen peaks showed that in m3 of the air there were 447
pollen grains.Izuzetan problem za poljoprivrednu proizvodnju predstavlja Ambrosia
artemisiifolia L., kao korov na poljoprivrednim površinama, ova korovska vrsta
prepoznata je i kao značajan alergen, a samim tim predstavlja medicinski i ekonomski
problem. Jedan gram polena Ambrosia artemisiifolia L. sadrži 30-35 miliona polenovih
zrna, a jedna biljka tokom godine može proizvesti više od 45 grama (<1350 miliona
polenovih zrna) polena. U sezoni polinacije, na Poljoprivrednom fakultetu je merena
količina polena ambrozije, tokom 2014. godine. Pik je izmereni krajem avgusta meseca
kada je taj broj bio 447 polenovih zrna u m3 vazduha
Razvoj postupaka polimerizacije L-laktida
Get PDFTo determine the appropriate conditions for the polymerization of (Llactide),
to obtain poly(L-lactide) a few different methods were applied: in closed vials
under vacuum, in the reactor under high pressure, in the microwave reactor and in a
reactor with solvent using the initiator. The molecular masses of prepared samples were
determined using GPC method. It was assessed that by microwave synthesis method for
the polymerization time less than 30 minutes the resulting polymer have the highest
molecular mass, 178.000 g mol-1. It was estimated that the samples synthesized with
trifluoromethanesulfonic acid as initiator have the best thermal stability.Za određivanje optimalnih uslova za polimerizacije (L- laktida), za dobijanje
poli (L-laktida) (PLLA) primenjene su različite metode polimerizacije: u zatvorenim
posudama pod vakumom, u reaktoru pod visokim pritiskom, mikrotalasnom polju i u
rastvoru sa inicijatorom. Za određivanje molekulskih masa korišćena je GPC metoda.
Ustanovljeno je da je mikrotalasna sinteza postupak sa najkraćim vremenom
polimerizacije (manjim od 30 minuta) pri čemu je nastaje polimer koji ima najveću
molarnu masu 178.000 g mol-1. Najbolju termičku stabilnost imao je uzorak PLLA
sintetisan sa trifluorometansulfonskom kiselinom kao inicijatorom
Uticaj gustine useva i primene herbicida na floristicki sastav i gradu korovske zajednice kukuruza (Zea mays L.)
No full textThe distribution of weeds in maize hybrids grown in different crop densities with and without herbicide application was observed in the present study. The floristic composition and structure of weed community were estimated according to the occurrence of distributed weed species, number of their plants and their mass per area unit. These parameters were monitored as they more precisely determine competitive effects of different maize crop densities on weeds. Furthermore, effects of mentioned factors on maize grain yield were studied. The analysis of variance for the RCB design, within statistical and biometrical procedures, alongside with LSD- and t-test, as a correlation analysis between dry weight of weeds and maize plant height and grain yield were used for data processing in relation to the observed densities and hybrids (Steel and Torrie, 1960). Obtained results indicate that the increase of crop densities statistically significantly affected decreasing of the number of plants per species and weight of weeds. In comparison with the nontreated variant, the variant with herbicide application showed that this application resulted in significant decrease of weed species, number of plants per species, fresh and dry weight. The number of weed plants per species was higher in the hybrid H1 (ZPSC 42A) than in the hybrid H2 (ZPSC 704) in both years. The average maize plant heights statistically significantly differed in dependence on the herbicide application and a hybrid. The crop density affected leaf area, leaf area index and number of leaves per maize plant. Grain yield of maize was the highest in the highest density (D3) when herbicides were applied (T) and in the hybrid H2 during both years of investigation.U radu je proucavana zastupljenost vrsta korova u hibridima kukuruza
gajenim u razlicitim gustinama useva u uslovima sa i bez primene herbicida.
Ocenjivan je floristicki sastav i grada korovske zajednice na osnovu zastupljenosti
prisutnih vrsta korova, broja njihovih jedinki i mase po jedinici
povrsine kao pokazatelja koji preciznije odreduju kompetitivno delovanje
razlicitih gustina kukuruza na korove. Pored toga proucavano je delovanje
navedenih faktora na neke morfoloske osobine i prinos zrna kukuruza. U
okviru statisticko-biometrijskih metoda obrade podataka korisceni su analiza
varijanse za RCB dizajn, LSD- it-test kao i korelaciona analiza izmedu suve
mase korova i visine biljaka i prinosa zrna kukuruza u zavisnosti od ispitivanih
gustina i hibrida (Steel i Torrie, 1960). Rezultati istrazivanja su pokazali da je
povecanje gustine useva statisticki vrlo znacajno uticalo na smanjenje broja
jedinki i mase korova. U uslovima primene herbicida utvrdeno je znacajno
manje vrsta korova, njihovih jedinki, sveze i suve mase u odnosu na varijantu
bez primene herbicida. Broj jedinki korova bio je, u obe godine, veci kod hibrida
H]. Prosecne vrednosti visine biljaka kukuruza su se statisticki vrlo
znacajno razlikovale u zavisnosti od primene herbicida i hibrida. Gustina useva
uticala je.na velicinu lisne povrsine, indeks lisne povrsine i broj listova po biljci
kukuruza. Prinos zrna kukuruza bio je veci u najvecoj gustini (G3) , u uslovirna
primene herbicida (T) i kod hibrida Hz, u obe godine ispitivanja
