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The Effect of Foliar Fertilizing on the Yield of Primorski Almond Cultivar Grown in Valandovo
Get PDFThe effect of fertilizing on the yield of Primorski almond cultivar grown in Valandovo region in the period of the year from 2012 to 2013 was determined. The experiment was set in four variants and three repetitions. The variants were: Control (untreated); NPK+Ever green with Me (55% organic matter, 2% w/w Mg, 2% w/w Fe, 2% w/w Zn, 2% w/w Mn, 0.5 % w/w Cu, 0.5% w/w B); NPK+Biolinfa (34% organic matter 3% N, 5.80% K2O) and NPK+Oligomix (1.20% B, 0.10% Cu, 4% Fe, 1.50% Mn, 0.10% Mo, 2% Zn).
The distance of fruit planting was 4.5 m row by row and 3.5 m in the rows. In each variant and repetition were included 20 plants, and total in all experiment were involved 240 plants. Three foliar treatments were applied with given above fertilizers at a concentration of 0.4%. In the end of the November, soil fertilizing with the fertilizer Polyfeed 11-44-11+ME (Fe, B, Zn, Mn, Co, Mo) in quantity amount of 450 kg ha-1 was done.
Before setting up the experiment, soil agrochemical analyses were made, and was concluded good fertility with nitrogen, medium fertility with phosphorus and potassium. The foliar fertilizing has had a positive influence on the yield in all variants, treated with different kinds of fertilizers, compared with the control, untreated variant.
The highest average content of almond fruit yield (2781 kg ha-1) and the highest average almond kernels yield (1257.30 kg ha-1) was determined in the variant 2 treated with fertilizer NPK+Ever green with Me (55% organic matter, 2%w/w Mg, 2%w/w Fe, 2%w/w Zn, 2% w/w Mn, 0.5 %w/w Cu, 0.5 %w/w B). The lowest almond fruits yield (1822 kg ha-1) and the lowest almond kernels yield (806.45 kg ha-1) was determined in the control variant
Jednodoma industrijska konoplja
Get PDFHemp has the right profile to fit into a sustainable farming system: it is used for a nearly 20 000 end products derived from its seeds and cannabinoids, fiber and wooden core and it is a low-input crop with low environmental impact. The production of hemp is greatly affected by its reproductive features. Dioecious and monoecious cultivar exist but only the monoecious cultivars allow the mechanical harvest of both stems and seeds. The quanititative variation of the sex expression has significant implications for both breeding and cultivation.Industrijska konoplja je biljka koja po većini kriterijuma odlično se uklapa u ordžive sisteme poljoprivredne proizvodnje. Iz vlakna, stabljike, zrna i kanabinoida konoplje dobija se gotovo 20 000 krajnjih proizvoda, nije preterano zahtevna za inputima i nema veliki uticaj na životnu sredinu. Proizvodnja industrijske konoplje je u uskoj sprezi sa reproduktivnom biologijom same vrste. I dvodome i jednodome sorte postoje i gaje se, međutim jedino jednodome omogućavaju mehanizovanu žetvu i vlakna (stabljike) i zrna. Kvantitativne varijacije u ekspresiji seksualnosti (polnosti) značajno utiču kako na sam proces oplemenjivanja tako i na proizvodnju industrijske konoplje
Colletotrichum Linicola - Osetljivost različitih genotipova lucerke
Get PDFSouthern anthracnose or crown rot, caused by Colletotrichum linicola, is a disease that has been detected on alfalfa in Serbia. During longer period, especially in summer and autumn, alfalfa plants with anthracnose symptoms were studied in the field. Stem infection resulted in wilting and death of the upper portion of the steam, giving rise to the characteristic “shepherd`s crook” symptom.To examine the level of sensitivity of different alfalfa genotypes in experimental conditions, one isolate: Coll-44 (C. linicola originating from Serbia). Ten commercial alfalfa genotypes of different origin (K-1, K-28, Zajecarska 83, Osjecka 12, NS Slavija, Banja Luka, Affinity 401 + Z, Florida 77, Vernal S and Perry) were examined in this study. Infected plants showed typical symptoms of anthracnose. Necrotic lesions appeared on the plant stems and gentle bending of the top of the upper third of stems occurred on tested plants. Necrotic lesions further spread onto the whole plant and in some plants led to withering. Assessment of damage by pathogen inoculation was based on the scale of 0-5. Investigated genotypes showed contrasting resistances to C. linicola isolates.Anthraknoza ili trulež krune lucerke, izazvana gljivoma it roda Colletotrichum, je bolest koja nanosi značajne štete na lucerki u Srbiji. U toku višegodišnjeg perioda, u toku leta i rane jeseni, sakupljane su biljke lucerke sa simptomima antraknoze. Stabljične infekcije izazivaju sušenje i povijanje gornjeg dela biljke, što dovodi do karakterističnog simptoma tzv. "pastirska kuka". Ispitivanje stepena osetljivosti različitih genotipova lucerke u eksperimentalnim uslovima obavljeno je sa jednim izolatom Coll-44 (C. linicola poreklom iz Srbije). Deset komercijalnih genotipova lucerke različitog geografskog porekla (K-1, K-28, Zaječarska 83, Osječka 12, NS Slavija, Banja Luka, Affinity 401 + Z, Florida 77, Vernal S i Pery) ispitivano je u ovom radu.
Inokulisane biljake lucerke pokazale su tipične simptome antraknoze. Nekrotične lezije pojavile su sa na stabljikama zaraženih biljaka i došlo je do povijanja u gornjoj trećini stabala. Micelija parazita prorasta niz stablo i kada se stabljike osuše, nastupa antraknoza krune i korena. Osetljivost različitih genotipova lucerke prema ispitivanim izolatima C.linicola određena je prema skali od 0-5. Ispitivani genotipovi lucerke su ispoljili različitu osetljivost prema testiranom izolatu vrste C. linicola
Mikropropagacija slabo bujne podloge za krušku Pyrodwarf
Get PDFThe paper describes the protocol for micropropagation in vitro of low vigorous pear rootstock Pyrodwarf. Aiming at developing efficient protocol for micropropagation of this genotype, the influence of BAP concentration and/or type of auxins (IBA or NAA), on multiplication index, fresh and dry weight of shoots was examined. The effect of type of auxins on rooting parameters was monitored as well. Increase in BAP concentration from 0.5 to 1 mg l-1 in combination with NAA instead of IBA significantly increased regeneration capacity of shoots, especially multiplication index. Shoots rooted on medium with IBA displyed significantly higher capacity for rhizogenesis, in comparison with those grown on medium containing NAA at equal concentration. The percentage of acclimatization under the ‘mist’ system in green house was 90,9% for shoots rooted in vitro.U radu je prikazan protokol za mikropropagaciju in vitro slabo bujne podloge za krušku Pyrodwarf. U cilju razvijanja protokola za brzu i efikasnu mikropropagaciju ovog genotipa, ispitan je uticaj promene koncentracije BAP i/ili vrste auksina (IBA ili NAA) na parametre multiplikacije, svežu i suvu masu izdanaka, kao i uticaj vrste auksina na parametre ožiljavanja. Povećanje koncentracije BAP sa 0,5 na 1 mg l-1 i promena vrste auksina (NAA, umesto IBA) uticali su na značajno povećanje regenerativne sposobnosti izdanaka naročito izražene kroz indeks multiplikacije. U fazi ožiljavanja utvrđeno je da je efikasnost rizogeneze izražena kroz sve parametre veća na medijumu sa IBA, nego na medijumu sa istom koncentracijom NAA. U uslovima „mist“ izmaglice procenat aklimatizacije izdanaka ožiljenih in vitro je iznosio 90,9%
Polyphenolic Profile of Sambucus Ebulus Root, Leaf and Fruit Extracts
Get PDFSambucus ebulus L. is a perennial herbaceous plant popular in folk medicine in Western Europe, Balkan and Middle East regions. Its preparations and extracts have shown wide range of biological activities against various disease and conditions. Isolation of the phenolic components was conducted using microwave-assisted extraction technique, while identification and quantification of isolated compounds were conducted using HPLC-DAD analysis. Fourteen compounds were detected and quantified in the extracts of the plant root, leaves and fruit, whereby rutin was predominant compound in all three samples. Minor compound in root sample was ferulic acid, in the leaves extract was chlorogenic acid, while in fruit sample was luteolin. Contrary, protocatehuic acid, caffeic acid, luteolin glycoside and apigenin glycoside were not detected in any of analyzed extracts
Analiza ukupnog brojnog stanja goveda u Republici Srbiji
Get PDFThis paperpresents an analysis ofthe totalof number ofcattle inthe Republic of Serbiashowing of indexnumerical stateover the past yearswith the current state(on 22December2015). Fora comparison ofpastandcurrentnumerical statewere useddata are availableon the website ofthe statistical databaseon Food and Agriculture Organization (FAOSTAT), Serbian Chamber of Commerce(PKS), the Republic Statistical Office(RZS) andthe Central Database(AIR). Comparing the review of index number of cattle in the Republic of Serbia from 2006 to 2014 with the current state of 956.268 cattle we may notice a slight increase in numerical strength that is decreased markedly in the period from 2010 to 2014.U radu je predstavljena analiza ukupnog brojnog stanja goveda u Republici Srbiji indeksnim prikazom brojnog stanja proteklih godina sa trenutnim stanjem (dana 22. decembra 2015. godine).Za komparaciju proteklog i trenutnog brojnog stanja goveda korišćeni su podaci dostupni na sajtu statističke baze podataka FAOSTAT,Privredne komore Srbije (PKS), Republičkog zavoda za statistiku (RZS) i Centralne baze podataka (AIR).Komparacijom indeksnog prikaza ukupnog brojnog stanja goveda u Republici Srbiji od 2006. do 2014. godine sa trenutnim stanjem od 956.268 grla može se uočiti blagporast ukupnog brojnog stanja, koji je primetno opao u periodu od 2010. do 2014. godine
Koncentracija Ca, P I Mg u serumu kod krava simentalske rase sa različitih geografskih područja
Get PDFThe aim of this paper is to examine the concentration Ca, P and Mg in serum of Simmental cows from different geographic areas (lowland and mountain). Total number of animals tested was 42 healthy cows, by 21 at each farm, aged 3-5 years. The researches were carried out in two periods: autumn-winter (November-December 2008), and repeated in spring (April-May 2009) on the same cows. The concentration of Ca, P and Mg in the blood (serum) from both locations was significantly higher in spring than in winter, but do not exceed the physiological value.Cilj ovog rada je da se ispita koncetracija Ca, P i Mg u serumu kod krava simentalske rase sa različitih geografskih područja (ravničarsko i planinsko). Ukupna broj ispitivanih životinja je 42 zdrave krave, po 21 na svakoj farmi, starosti 3-5 godina. Istraživanja su provedena u dva perioda: jesen-zima (novembar-decembar 2008), te ponovljena na istim kravam u proljeće (april-maj 2009). Koncentracija Ca, P i Mg u krvi (serumu) sa oba lokaliteta je značajno viša u proljeće nego u zimu, ali ne prelazi fiziološke vrijednosti
Masa i udeo osnovnih delova trupa kokoši nosilja iz alternativnih sistema gajenja
Get PDFThe aim of this paper was to investigate the effect of rearing system on mass and proportion of the main parts of carcasses of hens from alternative rearing systems: floor and organic. The tested genotypes were hybrid Isa Brown and races combined production capacity New Hampshire. Based on the results of this research, can be concluded that the rearing system had no a significant impact to any of the investigated traits. On the other hand, the effect of genotype was significant on weight classically dressed carcass, as well as the mass of all the main parts of the carcass, wings share and back and pelvis share. The percentage of classically dressed carcass, yield of breasts, thighs and drumsticks was not significantly influenced by genotype.Cilj ovog rada je bio da se ispita uticaj sistema gajenja na masu i udeo osnovnih delova trupova kokoši nosilja iz alternativnih sistema gajenja: podnog i organskog. Ispitivani genotipovi su bili laki linijski hibrid Isa Brown i rasa kombinovanih proizvodnih sposobnosti New Hampshire. Na osnovu rezultata ovih istraživanja, može se zaključiti da sistem gajenja nije imao značajan uticaj ni na jednu od ispitivanih osobina. Sa druge strane, uticaj genotipa bio je značajan na masu klasično obrađenog trupa, kao i na masu svih osnovnih delova trupa, udeo krila i leđa i karlice. Randman klasično obrađenog trupa, udeo grudi, bataka i karabataka nije bio pod značajnim uticajem genotipa
Efekti prebiotika na proizvodne performanse brojlera
Get PDFThe paper presents results of investigating effects of using prebiotic preparation Bio-Mos, a manan-oligosacharide in a diet of fattening chickens. Chickens were divided into three groups and fed diets that were balanced and differed only in mentioned prebiotic’s level.
Control group of chickens obtained diet of standard content without added prebiotic while in diets of the ned`t two groups of chickens prebiotic was added and its concentration in the first mid`ture was 0.05% and in the second 0.10%. During the 42 days of experiment data of weight gain and feed consumption were collected.
Ending results of that experiment showed 7.11% and 7.92% increased weight gain of two experimental group of chickens, respectively, comparing them to the control group. Regarding feed conversion ratio improvement of 5.21% and 5.26% was registered.
Summarizing the results of investigation it is possible to determine positive effect of prebiotic on the production results in broiler chickens as well as reasonableness of using it particularly insight demand of reduction and discontinuance of using antibiotics in livestock feed.U radu se daje prikaz rezultata istraživanja efekata korišćenja prebiotskog preparata manan-oligosaharida u obroku tovnih pilića. Pilići su podeljena u tri grupe i hranjeni su obrocima koji su bili izbalansirani i razlikovali se samo u nivou prebiotika. Kontrolna grupa pilića dobijala je obrok standardnog sastava bez dodatog prebiotika, dok je u obrok sledeće dve ogledne grupe pilića dodat prebiotik, čija je koncentracija u prvoj smeši iznosila 0,05%, a u drugoj 0,10%. Tokom 42 dana trajanja ogleda praćeni su rezultati prirasta i utroška hrane. Završni rezultati ogleda u pogledu prirasta, pokazali su povećanje od 7.11%, odnosno 7.92%, dveju oglednih grupa pilića, u odnosu na kontrolnu grupu. U pogledu konverzije hrane, zabeleženo je poboljšanje od 5,21%, odnosno 5.26%. Posmatrajući rezultate ogleda, može se konstatovati pozitivan efekat prebiotika, manan-oligosaharida na proizvodne rezultate u tovu pilića, kao i opravdanost upotrebe, naročito imajući u vidu potrebu za eliminacijom antibiotika u stočnoj hrani
Nanotechnology Perspectives in Agro and Food Industries
Get PDFNanotechnology is a rapidly emerging field of research with enormous potential for societal and economic benefits. It exploits physical phenomena and mechanisms that cannot be derived by simply scaling down the associated bulk structures and bulk phenomena. In this article nanotechnology perspectives and applications in agro and food industries has been analyzed. Development and perspectives for intelligent packaging materials and encapsulated components for slow release of active compounds has been especially reviewed