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Razvoj i ocena višenamenske sejalice za direktnu setvu sa uređajem za obradu ostataka u različitim uslovima
No full textA multi-toolbar no-till drill has been designed and developed which could work satisfactorily in combine harvested paddy fields. Performance evaluation of the machine was conducted for under three different paddy residue conditions, i.e. chopped paddy residue conditions spread loose straw conditions and tillage condition (control). The multi-toolbar no-till drill was compered powered coulter double disc type drill. The maximum effective field capacity of 0.45 ha•h-1 was found in Pantnagar no-till drill (M4) followed by multi-toolbar no-till drill (M1) as 0.39-0.42 ha•h-1, multi-toolbar no-till drill with residue handling device (M2) as 0.38 ha•h-1 and -powered coulter double disc type drill (M3) as 0.34-0.33 ha•h-1. The maximum field efficiency of 73.5 % was found in machine (M4) followed by 68.75 to 70.83 % for machine (M3), 63.5 to 63.8 % for machine (M1) and 60.2 to 61.4 % for machine (M2). The maximum plant emergence of 161 plants•m-2 was observed in case of treatment T7. Highest yield of 5.8 t•ha-1 was observed in treatment T3 where machine M2 (multi-toolbar no-till drill with residue handling device) un-chopped residue condition. Almost similar yield was observed for the treatment T1, T3 and T7 (control) as the same did not differ significantly at 5 % level of significance.Višenamenska direktna sejalica konstruisana je i razvijena za rad na parcelama posle kombajniranja pirinča. Ocena performansi mašine je izvedena u tri različita stanja ostataka. Maksimalni efektivni poljski kapacitet od 0.45 ha•h-1 kod Pantnagar sejalice (M4), zatim kod sejalice (M1) 0.39-0.42 ha•h-1, sejalice sa uređajem za obradu ostataka (M2) 0.38 ha•h-1 i sejalice sa reznim diskovima (M3) 0.34-0.33 ha•h-1. Maksimalna efikasnost od 73.5 % je izmerena kod mašine (M4), zatim 68.75 do 70.83 % kod mašine (M3), 63.5 do 63.8 % kod mašine (M1) i 60.2 do 61.4 % kod mašine (M2). Najveći prinos od 5.8 t•ha-1 je izmeren u tretmanu T3. Sličan prinos je bio kod tretmana T1, T3 i T7 (kontrola)
Uticaj gustine useva na prinos i kvalitet korena šećerne repe
Get PDFIn this work the influence of crop density and sugar beet varieties of different types (Alfonsa- E type, Marianka KWS- Z type and Serenade KWS EPD - N type) on the yield and quality of sugar beet roots was achieved. Field micro experiments were carried out in agroecological conditions of Central Banat using split plot method in five replications, on a calcareous chernozem soil type.
The results showed statistically significant differences in root yield between the genotypes in both years. On the sugar content in root statistically significant effect demonstrated the tested varieties only in 2014. The highest root yield was obtained in crop density of 120,000 plants ha-1 (75.55 t ha-1). Alfonsa variety is determined by the highest root yield (76.35 t ha-1), and the lowest sugar content in root (13.64%).U radu je proučavan uticaj gustine useva i sorti šećerne repe različitog tipa (Alfonsa- E tip, Marianka KWS- Z tip i Serenada KWS EPD – N tip) na prinos i kvalitet korena šećerne repe. Poljski mikroogledi su izvedeni u agroekološkim uslovima srednjeg Banata po metodu razdeljenih parcela (split plot) u pet ponavljanja, na zemljištu tipa karbonatni černozem.
Dobijeni rezultati su pokazali statistički vrlo značajne razlike u prinosu korena između ispitivanih genotipova u obe godine istraživanja. Na sadržaj šećera u korenu statistički vrlo značajan uticaj ispoljile su ispitivane sorte samo u 2014. godini. Najveći prinos korena dobijen je u gustini useva od 120.000 biljaka/ha (75,55 t ha-1). U prinosne sorte Alfonsa utvrđen je najveći prinos korena (76,35 t ha-1), a najmanji sadržaj šećera u korenu (13,64%)
Komponente prinosa pasulja u zavisnosti od primene Guanita i mikrobioloških đubriva
Get PDFThe research was done in Bačka Topola on calcareous chernozem in the year 2016 by the principals of organic bean breeding technology. The experiment had a split-plot arrangement, with large plots as varieties, and subplots as various fertilizer treatments. Pelleted organic fertilizer and microbiological fertilizers did not contribute to a statistically significant increase of yield components and yield. There were differences between the applied varieties. The variety Zlatko gave better results by means of examined characteristics. The variety Zlatko has shown it self as better for organic production in comparison with the autochthonous variety which was chosen for examination.Istraživanje je sprovedeno u Bačkoj Topoli na karbonatnom černozemu u 2016. godini po principima organske tehnologije gajenja pasulja. Ogled je bio postavljen po modelu podeljenih parcela gde su velike parcele bile sorte, a potparcele – tretman različitim đubrivima. Peletirano organsko đubrivo i mikrobiološka đubriva nisu doprinela statistički značajnom povećanju komponenti prinosa i prinosa. Razlike između upotrebljenih sorti su postojale. Kod svih ispitivanih svojstava sorta Zlatko je dala bolje rezultate. Za organsku proizvodnju pokazala se boljom sorta Zlatko u odnosu na autohtonu sortu koja je izabrana za istraživanje
Mikrobiološka aktivnost zemljišta tipa černozem u Zemun Polju
Get PDFSoil microorganisms has a key role in creation and maintaining of fertility of soil. The aim of this research was to examine microbiological activity of soil type "cernozem" in Zemun Polje, namely how quantity of the applying N fertilizers, the way of tillage and the phenophase of a plant affects on the number of aminoheterotrophs. The number of aminoheterotrophs depend on a phenophase of a plant, "ugar" or tillage and the quantity of applied N fertilizer. Less quantity of applied N fertilizer affects the increase of a number of aminoheterotrophs, whereas higher concentration of applied N fertilizer has an inhibitory effect.Zemljišni mikroorganizmi imaju ključnu ulogu u stvaranju i održanju plodnosti zemljišta.
Cilj ovog rada bio je ispitivanje mikrobiološke aktivnosti zemljišta tipa černozem u Zemun Polju, i to uticaja količine primijenjenog N đubriva, načina obrade zemljišta i fenofaze biljke na brojnost aminoheterotrofa.
Ispitivani parametar mikrobiološke aktivnosti zemljišta, brojnost aminoheterotrofa, pokazao je zavisanost od fenofaze biljke, načina obrade zemljišta i količine primijenjenog N đubriva.
Primijenjene manje količine N đubriva su uticale na povećanje brojnosti aminoheterotrofa, dok su visoke količine N đubriva djelovale inhibitorno
Specifičnosti đubrenja ječma
Get PDFThe issue of nutrition and fertilization of barley directly linked to the achievement of high yields and high technological quality of grain. Depending on the purpose of growing barley (for animal feed or for beer production) apply different technologies. For successful production of barley is necessary that the land is a sufficient amount of various nutrients that are found in the form that plants can easily adopt. The most important character of feeding barley are nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium. When fertilizing barley special attention should be paid to the use of nitrogen fertilizers.Problematika ishrane i đubrenja ječma direktno je vezana za postizanje visokih prinosa i dobrog tehnološkog kvaliteta zrna. Zavisno od namene gajenja ječma (za ishranu domaćih životinja ili za proizvodnju pivskog slada) primenjuju se različite tehnologije. Za uspešnu proizvodnju ječma neophodno je da se u zemljištu nalazi dovoljna količina različitih hranljivih materija koje se nalaze u obliku koje biljke mogu lako da usvoje. Najvažniji značaj za ishranu ječma imaju azot, fosfor i kalijum. Prilikom đubrenja ječma posebnu pažnju treba posvetiti upotrebi azotnih đubriva
Cikada iz grupe Cicadetta montana nova štetočina kupine u Srbiji
Get PDFCicada of the Cicadetta montana Scop. (Hemiptera: Cicadidae) complex is a warm-weather insect species. In the last several years, economically important pests have been recorded on blackberries in some regions of Serbia. Damage from cicadas indirectly causes decay of part of the crop. The complexity of control of this pest is also an important indicator of its danger to blackberry production in Serbia. Knowledge of this insect species in the country is currently based on literature. In 2016, attack by this pest was reported by some agricultural extension services in Serbia. The control of this pest is a very complex process. Positive results can be achieved only if all prevention and direct control measures are implemented in a timely manner.Cikada iz kompleksa Cicadetta montana Scop. (Hemiptera: Cicadidae) je toploljubiva insekatska vrsta. U poslednjih nekoliko godina su zabeležene ekonomski značajne štete na kupini u pojedinim regionima Srbije. Štetnost cikade se ogleda u tome što posredno izaziva propadanje dela prinosa. Složenost suzbijanja ove štetočine takođe je značajan pokazatelj opasnosti po proizvodnju kupine kod nas. Trenutno se kod nas o ovoj insekatskoj vrsti zna samo iz literature. U 2016. godini izveštaj o napadu ove štetočine podnele su i pojedine Poljoprivredne savetodavne i stručne službe Srbije. Suzbijanje ove štetočine je veoma komplikovano. Pozitivni rezultati se ne mogu očekivati ukoliko se pravovremeno ne primene sve preventive i direktne mere u suzbijanju pomenute štetočine
Uticaj sorte i uslova uspijevanja na broj listova u glavici salate
Get PDFThe aim of the research work is to determine the impact of the variety and methods of production to the number of leaves per head of lettuce. The experiment was conducted in a randomized block design with four replications. In the first year the maximum number of leaves was achieved on agro- textile (69.16), at a minimal control (51.29), while in the second year, the maximum number of leaves has been achieved with a combination of black PE foil and agro-textile (49.08) and minimum the control (35.81). In both years, regardless of the mode of production variety Archimeds RZ form the largest number of leaves per head.Cilj istraživanja u radu je određivanje uticaja sorte i načina proizvodnje na broj listova u glavici salate. Ogled je sproveden po slučajnom blok sistemu u četiri ponavljanja. U prvoj godini istraživanja maksimalan broj listova zabilježen je na agrotekstilu (69,16), а minimalan na kontroli (51,29), dok je u drugoj godini istraživanja maksimalan broj listova postignut sa kombinacijom crne PE folije i agrotekstila (49,08), a minimalan na kontrolnoj varijanti (35,81). U obje godine istraživanja neovisno od načina proizvodnje sorta Archimeds RZ formira najveći broj listova u glavici
Genetic Variation in Two Bulgarian Domestic Goat Breeds As Detected With ISSR Markers
Get PDFThe issue of conservation of genetic resources in livestock is of growing interest in recent decades. Local breeds of farm animals are usually with relatively lower productivity but well adapted to the specific conditions of the environment.
Due to the advent of a number of highly intensive selected breeds the existence of local genetic resources is threatened in our country. The risk comes from reducing the size of local populations of purebred animals, leading to narrowing of genetic diversity. Two local goat breeds with distinctive exterior, stably transmitted in the progeny were selected for the present study and their within-breed genetic variation assessed with ISSR markers
Box Tree Moth – Cydalima Perspectalis (Walker, 1859) (Lepidoptera: Crambidae), A New Invasive Pest for the Bulgarian Fauna
Get PDFBox tree moth Cydalima perspectalis (Walker, 1859) (Lepidoptera: Crambidae) is an invasive alien species of East Asia origin. In Europe, it was first reported in 2006 in Germany, rapidly becoming widespread in almost all European countries.Cydalima perspectalis was recorded for the first time as species for Bulgaria from three remote localities in disjunct parts of the country, in 2014.The danger they present is that larvae develop on commonly planted ornamental bushes Buxus sempervirens L.In 2016 caterpillars of the moth were found in many parks and gardens in different localities of Northeast and Central South Bulgaria for the first time. Available reports of the moth are presented and its potential effect on ornamental and native Buxus plants discussed
Bioactivity of Edible Mushroom Agaricus Campestris
Get PDFHere we determined antioxidant, antimicrobial and anticancer properties of edible mushroom Agaricus campestris. Antioxidant activity was evaluated by free radical scavenging, superoxide anion scavenging and reducing power. A. campestris extract had moderate free radical scavenging activity (IC50=179.65 µg/mL) and potent superoxide anion scavenging potential (IC50=35.204 µg/mL). Measured values of absorbance for reducing power varied from 0.3701 to 0.141. Further, the antimicrobial potential was determined by a microdilution method on 12 microorganisms. Extract of A. campestris showed relatively strong antimicrobial activity with minimum inhibitory concentration values ranging from 0.08 to 7.5 mg/mL. Finally, the cytotoxic activity was tested using MTT method on the human epithelial carcinoma Hela cells, human lung carcinoma A549 cells and human colon carcinoma LS174 cells. A. campestris extract expressed cytotoxic activity with IC50 values ranging from 9.54 to 16.87 μg/mL