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Antibakterijska aktivnost Platina (ii) i Paladijum(ii) kompleksa sa alkil estrima (s,s)-etilendiamin-n,n'-di-(2,2'-di(4-hidroksi)-benzil sirćetne kiseline
No full textAntibiotics are used to treat many infections which are causing by different microorganisms. The vast majority of cases where antibiotics are used, the microorganisms have found a way to evade or resist the antimicrobial agent [1,2].
The work was conceived with the intention to investigate the antibacterial activity of newly synthesized ligands and complexes [3] on the selected bacterial strains with the aim to find potential synthetic preservatives.Antibakterijska sredstva se koriste u lečenju mnogih infekcija koje uzrokuju različiti mikroorganizmi.
U najvećem broju slučajeva, u kojima se koriste antibakterijska sredstva, mikroorganizmi su pronašli način da se odupru ili izbegnu antimikrobni agens [1,2]. Rad je koncipiran sa namerom da ispita antibakterijsku aktivnost novosintetisanih i liganada i kompleksa [9] na odabranim bakterijskim sojevima u cilju pronalaženja novih potencijalnih sintetičkih konzervanasa
Razvoj traktorskog mernog sistema za mapiranje prostorne promenljivosti pH zemljišta u realnom vremenu
No full textSoil pH is an important physio-chemical property representing soil characteristics and plays an important role in plant growth. Soil pH affects crop yields, plant nutrient availability and soil micro-organism activity. For small areas, measuring the spatial variation in soil pH is feasible. However for the large areas, pH determination of the multiple soil samples by using traditional method in laboratory is very tedious and time consuming. Considering the need and scope of precision agriculture in India, a real time data logging pH measuring system was developed to determine the soil pH directly in the field at specific GPS locations by integrating soil pH sensor and a GPS receiver with a portable data logger. Soil mapping was done for observing the spatial variation in soil pH using ArcGIS. The results showed that the field had variation in soil pH and the developed soil pH measuring system was capable to measure the spatial variation in soil pH. The average soil pH measured by developed soil pH measuring system in different tillage treatments varied from 7.98 to 8.18, 7.60 to 7.94 and 8.01 to 8.21, respectively.pH zemljišta je važna karakteristika zemljišta koja igra važnu ulogu u utgoju biljaka. Zemljišni pH utiče na prinos useva, dostupnost nutrienata korenu biljaka i aktivnost mikroorganizama u zemljištu. Merenje prostornih promenljivosti pH vrednosti na manjim oblastima je izvodljivo. Ipak, za velike oblasti, određivanje pH većeg broja uzoraka zemljišta na uuobičajeni način u laboratoriji je naporno i dugotrajno. Imajući u vidu potrebe i opseg precizne poljoprivrede u Indiji razvijen je merni sistem za sakupljanje podataka u realnom vremenu, radi određivanja pH zemljišta direktno na parceli na pojedinačnim GPS lokacijama, integracijom pH senzora i GPS prijemnika sa prenosivim data logerom. Mapiranje zemljišta je vršeno radi praćenja prostorne promenljivosti pH zemljišta korišćenjem ArcGIS. Rezultati su pokazali promenljivost pH zemljišta i omogućili da se razvije merni sistem za merenje prostorne promenljivosti. Srednja pH vrednost izmerena ovim sistemom u različitim sistemima obrade zemljišta varirala je od 7.98 do 8.18, 7.60 do 7.94 i 8.01 do 8.21, redom
Pregled distribucije evropskog tržišta vučenih balera, prskalica i rasipača đubriva
No full textTrailed machinery and transporters with various types of suspension account for a large proportion of the manufacture and sale of agricultural machinery in Europe. These trailed vehicles cover a wide functional range: agricultural trailers, tanker trailers, trailed fertilizers and manure spreaders, sprayers and fodder mixing wagons. They also have many different types of suspension: tandem, tridem, sprung, rigid, steered, etc. Of the product groups under examination, those with the highest levels of sales in terms of number of units were round balers, trailed sprayers and fertilizer spreaders. There is also a substantial market in large square balers, but rather than the number of units, it is the value of machines sold that is significant.Vučene mašine i prikolice sa različitim tipovima suspenzija imaju veliki udeo u proizvodnji i prodaji poljoprivrednih mašina u Evropi. Ova vučena vozila pokrivaju široki funkcionalni opseg: poljoprivredne prikolice, prikolice cisterne, vučeni rasipači mineralnih đubriva i stajnjaka, prskalice i mikser prikolice za stočnu hranu. Takođe imaju mnogo različitih vrsta suspenzija: tandem, tridem, opružna, kruta, upravljana itd. Od ispitanih grupa proizvoda, oni sa najvišim nivoom prodaje po broju prodatih jedinica su rol baleri, vučene prskalice i rasipači đubriva Postoji i značajno tržište velikih balera, ali ne po broju nego po vrednosti prodatih mašina
Proizvodnja kvalitetne krme višegodišnjih leguminoza
Get PDFU cilju intenziviranja stočarske proizvodnje, rešenje treba tražiti u gajenju visoko prinosnih
krmnih biljaka dobrog kvaliteta. Zajedno sa naporima da se smanji energetska potrošnja,
zagađenje životne sredine i intenziviraju sistemi održive poljoprivrede, treba razmotriti
mogućnost povećanja površina pod krmnim mahunarkama. Kao azotofiksatori, ove biljke se
minimalno đubre azotnim đubrivima čiji se ostaci u zemljištu gube ispiranjem, prouzrokujući
zagađenje podzemnih voda. Višegodišnje krmne leguminoze daju visoke prinose kvalitetne krme
sa visokim sadržajem proteina. Zahvaljujući tome, u velikoj meri one mogu zameniti skupa
koncentrovana hraniva. Svrha ovog kursa je da poljoprivredni savetodavci steknu nova znanja iz
oblasti gajenja višegodišnjih leguminoznih biljaka i pripremanju visokokvalitetne kabaste stočne
hrane. To treba da doprinese povećanju površina pod ovim kulturama, što će direktno uticati na
unapređenje sistema održive poljoprivredne proizvodnje
Regulation of Fruiting In Plum Production
Get PDFThis short overview article describes different strategies to adjust crop loads
in plums in order to get regular cropping, improve fruit size and fruit quality. There are three
principal methods of regulating the crop loads of plum, which can be combined: numbers of
flowers on the tree can be reduced, flowers can be prevented from fruit setting and the
amount of fruitlets can be reduced by thinning methods. The methods of achieving these
strategies, by manual, mechanical and chemical means are described and discussed
Prinos zrna različitih sorti pšenice u organskoj proizvodnji u zavisnosti od rizosferne mikroflore
Get PDFThe aim of this paper is testing the productivity of various wheat varieties depending on the rhizosphere microflora in terms of organic cultivation technology. The highest yield in the first year was recorded in cv spelt, and in the second year at ordinary soft wheat varieties for which it was established and greater variation in yield compared to alternative types of wheat varieties. The lowest yield was detected among varieties of durum wheat, Dolap, in which it recorded the lowest number of investigated microbial groups. By testing the significance of regression model was found a statistically significant change in the yield of wheat depending on the number of Azotobacter (r = 0.76), but not the total number of microorganisms (r=0,24).Cilj rada je ispitivanje produktivnosti različitih sorti pšenice u zavisnosti od rizosferne mikroflore u uslovima organske tehnologije gajenja. Najveći prinos zrna u prvoj godini zabeležen je kod sorte krupnika, a u drugoj godini kod sorte obične meke pšenice kod koje je ustanovljeno i veće variranje prinosa u poređenju sa ispitivanim sortama alternativnih vrsta pšenice. Najmanji prinos zrna ustanovljen je kod sorte tvrde pšenice, Dolap, kod koje je zabeležen najmanji broj ispitivanih grupa mikroorganizama. Testiranjem značajnosti regresionog modela ustanovljeno je postojanje statistički značajne promene prinosa pšenice u zavisnosti od brojnosti Azotobakter-a (r=0,76), ali ne i od ukupnog broja mikroorganizama (r=0,24)
Genetički resursi pšenice (Triticum sp.) u Crnoj Gori
Get PDFWheat is the most important crop grown on 240 million hectares worldwide, and 23% of arable lands, respectively. It is the primary food source for about 70% of human population. Wheat originates from the old world, primarily from Asia and southern parts of Europe, from where it spread to other parts of the world. Wheat is one of the oldest cultivated plants. It is believed that its domestication began ten thousand years ago.
Wheat was cultivated in Montenegro since the Romans. First cultivated species of wheat were Triticum monococcum and Triticum dicoccum. At the beginning of the new era, tetraploid naked wheat - Triticum durum and Triticum turgidum were introduced. Common wheat arrived much later in Balkans, and most likely it was brought by the Turks in mid 14th century. Triticum aestivum ssp. compactum and Triticum aestivum ssp. spelta were firstly introduced, and much later common wheat - Triticum aestivum ssp. vulgare.
Intensification of agricultural production in Montenegro resulted in rapid extinction of large number of cultivated species, cultivars, varieties and locally adapted wheat populations from the agricultural flora. Noting the danger of the extinction of majority of local populations of genus Triticum, academician Ljubo Pavićević started a program of their protection in 1955. For more than 10 years of intensive work, he managed to collect over 200 diploid and tetraploid indigenous species and forms of wheat, and devoted the rest of his professional carrier to their study.
Since Montenegro does not have its own selection programs for wheat, further efforts will be necessary to document and put this huge wealth of local populations of different wheat types at disposal of all interested breeding and scientific institutions outside Montenegro as soon as possible.Pšenica je najvažnija ratarska kultura koja se u svijetu gaji na oko 240 miliona hektara, odnosno 23% obradivih površina. Predstavlja osnovnu hranu za oko 70% ljudske populacije. Vodi porijeklo iz starog svijeta, iz Azije i južnih djelova Evrope, odakle se proširila u druga područja. Pšenica je jedna od najstarijih kulturnih biljaka. Smatra se da je njena domestifikacija počela još prije deset hiljada godina.
Pšenica se u Crnoj Gori gajila još u doba Rimljana. Prve gajene vrste pšenice bile su Triticum monococcum i Triticum dicoccum. Početkom nove ere na ove prostore dolaze i prve tetraploidne golozrne pšenice - Triticum durum i Triticum turgidum. Meka pšenica je na Balkan dospjela mnogo kasnije. Najvjerovatnije su je donijeli Turci sredinom 14. vijeka. Prvo su donešene Triticum aestivum ssp. compactum i Triticum aestivum ssp. spelta, a znatno kasnije i obična pšenica Triticum aestivum ssp. vulgare.
Intenzifikacijom poljoprivredne proizvodnje, najveći broj tradicionalnih sorti, varijeteta i lokalno adaptiranih populacija počeo se ubrzano gubiti iz kulturne flore Crne Gore. Uočavajući opasnost od nestajanja velikog broja domaćih populacija roda Triticum, akademik Ljubo Pavićević je 1955. godine započeo program njihove zaštite. Za više od 10 godina intenzivnog rada uspio je da sakupi preko 200 diploidnih i tetraploidnih autohtonih vrsta i populacija pšenice, a ostatak svog radnog vijeka posvetio je njihovom proučavanju.
Pošto Crna Gora nema sopstvene programe selekcije pšenice biće neophodno učiniti dodatne napore kako bi se ovo ogromno bogatstvo domaćih populacija različitih vrsta pšenice što prije dokumentovalo i stavilo na raspolaganje svim zainteresovanim oplemenjivačkim i naučnim institucijama izvan Crne Gore
Inficiranje leguminoznih biljaka sa kvržičnim bakterijama
Get PDFIn this review paper we are discussing the question of the expediency of biological symbiosis between leguminous plants and rhisobium. In addition, we give the basic properties of symbionts interactions that characterize this complex system, as well as the dependence of this type of partnership of environmental conditions. In particular, they are viewed special stages of infecting plants with rhisobium. Finally, it is concluded that the effectiveness of the symbiosis between legumes and rhisobium depends not only of biological but also from abiotical factors; that this symbiosis is characterized by a relatively rapid return reactions to external influences, especially in the first stages of establishing symbiosis; that formed system is quite stable and can function effectively even in unfavorable environmental conditions.U ovom radu daje se osvrt na pitanje biološke svrsishodnosti simbioze između leguminoznih biljaka i rizobijuma. Osim toga, navode se osnovna svojstva interakcije simbionata koja karakterišu ovaj složeni sistem, kao i zavisnost ovog tipa partnerstva od ekoloških uslova sredine. Posebno se sagledavaju etape inficiranja biljke sa rizobijumima. Na kraju se zaključuje da efektivnost simbioze između leguminoza i rizobijuma ne zavisi samo od bioloških, već i od abitičkih faktora; da se ova simbioza odlikuje relativno brzim povratnim reakcijama na spoljašnje uticaje, posebno na prvim etapama uspostavljanja simbioze; da je formirani sistem dosta stabilan i da može efikasno funkcionisati čak i u nepovoljnim ekološkim uslovima
Uticaj različitih načina gajenja paprike na debljinu perikarpa ploda
Get PDFIt has long been known that the quality of pepper has a big impact variety, environmental conditions and applied agricultural technology. The aim of this study was to determine the influence they have different ways of growing peppers on pericarp thickness, which is the main indicator of quality. To come up with an answer I see the set that included growing peppers from seedlings bare vessels, container seedlings and direct sowing. All these varieties were grown in the open field and in the greenhouse with a plastic film mulching, straw and with the use of Agri. The results of three years of research indicate that in the production of pepper seedlings obtained from the container with the thickest fruits pericarp.Odavno je poznato da na kvalitet paprike veliki uticaj ima sorta, ekološki uslovi i primenjena agrotehnika. Cilj ovog istraživanja bio je da utvrdi koliki uticaj imaju različiti načini gajenja paprike na debljinu perikarpa, koji je osnovni pokazatelj kvaliteta. Da bi došli do odgovora postavljen ja ogled koji je uključivao gajenja paprike iz rasada golih žila, kontejnerskog rasada i direktnom setvom. Sve ove varijante gajene su na otvorenom polju i u plasteniku uz nastiranje sa folijom, slamom i uz upotrebu agrila. Rezultati trogodišnjeg istraživanja ukazuju da se pri proizvodnji paprike iz kontejnerskog rasada dobijaju plodovi sa najdebljim perikarpom
Bolesti kupusa tokom 2016. godine
Get PDFCabbage presents important vegetable for R. Serbia, both in terms of production and consumption. Mistaces in agrotechnology and disease occurrence are important factors in the yield decline in relation to the genetic potential. Investigations conducted in 2016 at several locations aimed at determining the occurrence of pathogens on cabbage at different periods and stages of growth. Investigations has shown the presence of seven causal agents of mycosis: Plasmodiophora brassicae, Phoma lingam, Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. conglutinans, Peronospora parasitica, Alternaria brassicae, Pythium spp., Sclerotinia sclerotiorum; and two bacterial diseases: Xanthomonas campestris pv. campestris, Pectobacterium carotovorum.Kupus predstavlja značajnu povrtarsku vrstu za R. Srbiju. Greške u agrotehnici i pojava bolesti, značajni su činioci smanjenja prinosa u odnosu na genetski potencijal. Istraživanje sprovedeno tokom 2016. godine na više lokaliteta imalo je za cilj utvrđivanje pojave patogena na kupusu u različitim periodima i fenofazama razvoja. Istraživanjima je utvrđeno prisustvo sedam prouzrokovača mikoza: Plasmodiophora brassicae, Phoma lingam, Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. conglutinans, Peronospora parasitica, Alternaria brassicae, Pythium spp., Sclerotinia sclerotiorum; i dve bakterioze: Xanthomonas campestris pv. campestris, Pectobacterium carotovorum