CaSA NaRA
Not a member yet
2090 research outputs found
Sort by
Uticaj prirodnih faktora na eroziju zemljišta dela sliva Kamenice-Zapadna Srbija
Get PDFDue to a variety of the natural erosion factors, the general condition of the nameless brook catchment area has contributed to the overall picture of soil erosion intensity in the area. From the aspect of belonging to the type of the fow, the nameless brook belongs to the ravines and dry valleys (F) with mean annual erosion-induced sediment yield Wyear from 428,82 m3 year-1 and total annual specific sediment yield at the confluence of the the nameless brook in Kamenica (left tributary of the West Morava) where Gyear sp-1 were 108,63 m3 km-2 year-1.Usled različitih prirodnih činilaca procesa erozije, opšte stanje područja bujičnog potoka, doprinelo je sagledavanju intenziteta erozije zemljišta sliva. Sa aspekta pripadnosti tipu bujičnog toka bezimeni potok je jaruga (F) sa srednjegodišnjom količinom erozionog nanosa (Wgod) od 428,82 m3 god-1 i specifičnom godišnjom količinom ukupnog erozionog nanosa (Ggod sp-1), koja dospeva do ušća bezimenog potoka u Kamenicu (leva pritoka Zapadne Morave), od 108,63 m3 km-2 god-1
Karakterizacija kapljica i distribucije vode fiksnog rasprskivača koji se koristi u sistemu navodnjavanja linearnog tipa
No full textThe irrigation uniformity of sprinkler irrigation system depends on many design factors such as nozzle diameter, operating pressure and riser height. An experimental study was conducted to investigate the effect of combination factors of operating pressure and riser height on water distribution and droplet diameter. To study the droplet characteristics of the fixed spray plate sprinkler (FSPS), droplet diameter and velocity were measured using a Thies Clima laser precipitation monitor. Statistical analysis was conducted on the drop size distribution using volume-weighted method. The volumetric cumulative frequency of drop diameters permitted to reconstruct water application along the sprinkler radius in term of the frequency of drops of different diameters with respect to elevation and working pressure. Wetted diameters and average application rates increased with the increase in pressure and nozzle elevation within a distance of less than 2m from the sprinkler. The results showed that various combinations of the sprinkler could greatly change droplet and water distribution characteristics. Empirical equations for the water distribution from FSPS were also developed with coefficients of determination ranging from 95.0% to 99.6%. The study concluded that the uniformity of a sprinkler irrigation system is more affected by the combination of distance from sprinkler, riser height and operating pressure.Ujednačenost sistema navodnjavanja sa rasprskivačima zavisi od mnogih faktora projektovanja, kao što su: prečnik mlaznice, radni pritisak i visina postolja. Sprovedena je eksperimentalna studija kako bi se ispitao uticaj kombinacije faktora radnog pritiska i visine postolja na raspodelu vode po površini i prečnik kapljice. Da bi se proučile karakteristike kapljice fiksnog rasprskivača tipa FSPS, prečnik i brzina kapljica su mereni pomoću laserskog monitora tipa Thies Clima.
Statistička analiza je urađena za raspodelu veličine kapi korišćenjem ponderisanog modela, metoda odnos zapremina-težina. Kumulativna zapremina učestalosti prečnika pada kapljica urađena je u odnosu na radijus rasprskivača u smislu učestalosti kapljica različitih prečnika u odnosu na visinu postolja i radni pritisak. Prečnici vlažene površine i prosečne brzine kapljica su registrovane kod povećanja pritiska i mlaznice na udaljenosti manjoj od 2m od rasprskivača.
Rezultati su pokazali da promene kombinacije rasprskivača mogu značajno promeniti karakteristike kapljice i raspodelu vode. Empirijske jednačine za distribuciju vode iz programa FSPS su razvijene sa koeficijentima određivanja u rangu od 95,0% do 99,6%.
Studija ima zaključak da je ujednačenost sistema navodnjavanja sa rasprskivačima najviše zavisi od kombinacije udaljenosti rasprskivača, visine postolja i radnog pritiska vode u sistemu
Efikasnost usvajanja azota kod hibrida kukuruza u zavisnosti od sistema đubrenja
Get PDFThe aim of this study was to determine the genotypic differences of nitrogen (N) uptake efficiency in maize depending on fertilization systems and hybrids. The average content of N in maize leaves for different variants of fertilization and tested hybrids in two years of research was balanced and varied in the range from 2.35% in 2011, to 2.31% in 2012. The lower content were found under the control treatment T1 (1.91%) and the highest in the treatments T3: P60K60 const. + N40 autumn + Nmin spring (2.57%), T6: P60K60 const. + N40 autumn + N60 spring + Zn (2.58%) and T7: P60K60 const. + N40 autumn + N80 spring + Zn (2.58%). The lower content of N in maize leaves was found in the hybrid NS 6030 (2.27%) and the highest in NS 4023 (2.39%). Average values of N content in maize grain varied due to climatic conditions and ranged from 1.22% in 2011. to 1.36% in 2012. The lowest N content was in control treatment T1 (1.11%), the biggest in variants T3: P60K60 const. + N40 autumn + Nmin spring and T7: P60K60 const. + N40 autumn + N80 spring + Zn (1.42%). According to the obtained average value for the investigated years and applied systems of fertilization, the lowest nitrogen content in maize was in NS 6010 (1.22%) and the highest in NS 6030 (1.35%). Improving possibilities of assimilation, accumulation, exploitation and/or reutilization of biogenic elements can provide the basis for the expansion of maize breeding programs on productivity and grain quality.Cilj ovih istraživanja bio je da se utvrde genotipske razlike u efikasnosti usvajanja azota (N) kod hibrida kukuruza u zavisnosti od sistema đubrenja. Prosečan sadržaj N u listu kukuruza za sve varijante đubrenja i hibride nije se značajno razlikovao po godinama (2,35% u 2011, odnosno 2,31% u 2012. godini). Najmanji sadržaj konstantovan je na kontrolnoj varijanti T1 (1,91%), a najveći na varijantama T3: P60K60 const. + N40 jesen + Nmin proleće (2,57%), T6: P60K60 const. + N40 jesen + N60 proleće + Zn (2,58%) i T7: P60K60 const. + N40 jesen + N80 proleće + Zn (2,58%). Najmanji sadržaj N u listu kukuruza konstatovan je kod hibrida NS 6030 (2,27%), a najveći kod hibrida NS 4023 (2,39%). Sadržaj N u zrnu kukuruza, nezavisno od varijante đubrenja i hibrida, bio je značajno manji u 2011. god. (1,22%) u odnosu na 2012. godinu (1,36%). Najmanji sadržaj bio je na kontrolnoj varijanti T1 (1,11%), a najveći na varijantama T3: P60K60 const. + N40 jesen + Nmin proleće i T7: P60K60 const. + N40 jesen + N80 proleće + Zn (1,42%). U proseku za godine istraživanja i primenjene sisteme đubrenja, najmanji sadržaj N u zrnu kukuruza je bio kod hibrida NS 6010 (1,22%), a najveći kod hibrida NS 6030 (1,35%). Poboljšane mogućnosti usvajanja, akumulacije, iskorišćavanja i/ili reutilizacije biogenih elemenata mogu pružiti osnovu za razradu programa oplemenjivanja kukuruza na produktivnost i kvalitet zrna
Sadržaj Pb, Fe i Zn u zemljištu i plodovima smokve na različitim lokalitetima
Get PDFThe fig is an herbaceous plant that is very much represented in the area of Mostar and is found in almost every garden. It is especially interesting to be consumed throughout the year in fresh form as well as processed in dried form.
The purpose of this research was to determine the flow of metals from the soil to the fig leaves, and their accumulation in this fruit culture. In the surface horizons of the soil heavy metals of anthropogenic origin can be found.
The results showed that certain forms of fig fruits with or without the crust have different contents of the investigated elements, and the present quantities are below the permissible concentrations. All samples of figs with crust show a greater presence of iron.Smokva je biljna kultura koja je veoma zastupljena na području grada Mostara i nalazi se skoro u svakoj bašti, a posebno je interesantno da se konzumira tokom cijele godine, kako sviježa, tako i prerađena u sušenom obliku.
Ovo istraživanje imalo je za cilj da se utvrde tokovi metala iz zemljišta u plodove smokve, te njihova akumulacija u ovoj voćnoj kulturi. U površinskim horizontima zemljišta mogu se naći teški metali antropogenog porijekla.
Rezultati su pokazali da plodovi smokve, sa i bez kore, imaju različite sadržaje istraživanih elemenata, a prisutne količine su ispod dozvoljenih koncentracija. Svi uzorci smokve sa korom pokazaju veće prisustvo željeza
Uticaj prirodnog ekstrakta ruzmarina na oksidativnu stabilnost prženog kukuruznog čipsa
Get PDFIn this paper, the effects of the natural extract of rosemary on oxidative stability and the sensory properties of corn chips without antioxidant, with antioxidant and antioxidant and linseed (4%) was observed. The natural extract of rosemary Synerox HT (antioxidant) was added in an amount of 1250 ppm (0.125%) on the amount of palm oil for frying the corn chips. Corn chips without antioxidant after 3 months of storage in laboratory conditions (30 °C), is already slightly rancid (1.53 mg of malonaldehyde kg-1 of the final product). Corn chips with antioxidant do not show signs of rancidity after 4 months of storage in laboratory conditions (1.05 mg of malonaldehyde kg-1 of the final product).U ovom radu posmatran je uticaj prirodnog ekstrakta ruzmarina na promenu oksidativne stabilnosti i senzornih osobina kukuruznog čipsa bez antioksidansa, sa antioksidansom i antioksidansom i semenkama lana (4%). Prirodni ekstrakt ruzmarina Synerox HT (antioksidans) dodat je u količini od 1250 ppm (0,125%) na količinu palminog ulja za prženje kukuruznog čipsa. Kukuruzni čips bez antioksidansa nakon 3. meseca čuvanja u laboratorijskim uslovima (30 °C), već je blago užegao (1,53 mg malonaldehida kg-1 gotovog proizvoda). Kukuruzni čips sa antioksidansom ne pokazuje znake užeglosti nakon 4. meseca čuvanja u laboratorijskim uslovima (1,05 mg malonaldehida kg-1 gotovog proizvoda)
Populacioni atributi Apodemus Agrarius Pallas 1771 u fragmentiranim staništima
Get PDFThe aim of the study is to present the population attributes: population density, sex ratio and age groups in striped field mouse populations at small areas of fragmented habitats. During an one-year study, 108 individuals were captured: 58 females and 50 males. The highest population density was found in the spring in the agroecosystem, and the lowest in the summer in the meadow ecosystem. The highest value of the sex index was calculated for the forest ecosystem in the spring. The highest numbers in all ecosystems and in all periods of study have had specimens of the medium reproductive period, which could be explained by an active search for food, partner or shelter.Cilj rada je da prikaže populacione atribute: gustinu, odnos polova i starosne grupe u populacijama prugastog miša u fragmentiranim staništima na malim površinama. Tokom jednogodišnjeg istraživanja izlovljeno je 108 jedinki, 58 ženki i 50 mužjaka. Najveća gustina populacije konstatovana je tokom prolećnog aspektu u agroekosistemu, a najmanja tokom letnjeg u livadskom ekosistemu. Najviša vrednost seksualnog indeksa izračunata je za šumski ekosistem u prolećnom aspektu. Najveću brojnost u svim ekosistemima i svim periodima ispitivanja imale su jedinke srednjeg reproduktivnog perioda, što se može objasniti aktivnom potragom za hranom, partnerom ili skloništem
Ponašanje, dobrobit i zaštita životinja u organskom stočarstvu
Get PDFBehavior, welfare and protection of cattle are an integral part of organic livestock breeding. Organic production considers animals being cultivated in accordance with their basic needs, supporting most of their normal forms of behavior (inborn and acquired), while respecting the basic principles of well-being and protection. Organic as an alternative to conventional production respects the importance of behavior, welfare and protection of animals and is therefore in line with natural animals needs.
Being familiar and understanding the behavior of animals is of multiple importance for successful breeding of cattle regardless to applied production system (intensive, extensive or organic).
Animal welfare and protection is a complex biotechnological issue and contains an aspect of science (biology, veterinary medicine, agronomy)and aspects of ethics. The welfare implies the quality of life and harmonious relationship of animal with its environment; as such, it became present in conventional and unavoidable topic in organic production in livestock breeding.Ponašanje, dobrobit i zaštita gajenih životinja predstavljaju integralni deo organskog stočarstva. U organskoj proizvodnji životinje se moraju uzgajati u skladu sa njihovim bazičnim potrebama, odnosno na način u kome će ispoljiti najveći deo njihovih normalnih oblika ponašanja (urođenih i stečenih) uz poštovanje osnovnih načela dobrobiti i zaštite. Uvažavajući značaj ponašanja, dobrobiti i zaštite životinja organska proizvodnja, kao alternativa konvencionalnoj, upravo je usklađena sa prirodnim potrebama životinja.
Poznavanje i razumevanje ponašanja životinja od višestrukog je značaja za uspešno gajenje domaćih životinja bez obzira o kom sistemu proizvodnje je reč (intenzivni, ekstenzivni ili organski).
Dobrobit i zaštita životinja je jedno kompleksno biotehničko pitanje i u sebi sadrži kako aspekt nauke (biologije, veterine, agronomije), tako i aspekte etike. Dobrobit podrazumeva kvalitet života i harmoničan odnos životinje sa okruženjem te je kao takva postala aktuelna u konvencionalnoj i nezaobilazna tema u organskoj proizvodnji u stočarstvu
Pokazatelji unutrašnjeg i spoljašnjeg kvaliteta jaja domaće patke
Get PDFThis paper presents result of quality determination of domestic duck eggs in semi-intensive rearing. Average egg weight was 72.70 g, whereas average shell, albumen and yolk weight was 6.21, 42.27 and 24.21 g, respectively, and its proportion 8.57, 58.12 and 33.33%, respectively. Average values for egg shape index, shell thickness, yolk index and color, Haugh unit and albumen index were 71.07%, 0.35 mm, 42.71%, 14.52, 83.81 and 9.63%, respectively. Egg weight was in significant positive correlation with weight of egg main parts, albumen and shell proportion, as well shell thickness. Egg weight, length and width were not correlated with albumen index, yolk index and Haugh units.U radu su prikazani rezultati određivanja pokazatelja spoljašnjeg i unutrašnjeg kvaliteta jaja domaće patke u poluintenzivnom sistemu gajenja. Prosječna masa jaja iznosila je 72,70 g, od čega je masa ljuske, bjelanca i žumanca bila 6,21; 42,27 i 24,21 g, redom, a njihov udio 8,57; 58,12 i 33,33%, redom. Prosječne vrijednosti za indeks oblika, debljinu ljuske, indeks i boju žumanca, Haughove jedinice i indeks bjelanca iznosile su 71,07%; 0,35 mm; 42,71%; 14,52; 83,81 i 9,63%, redom. Pozitivna fenotipska korelacija utvrđena je između mase jaja sa masom ljuske, bjelanca i žumanca, sa udjelom bjelanca i žumanca, te debljinom ljuske. Masa, dužina i širina jaja nisu pokazali korelaciju sa indeksom bjelanca, indeksom žumanca i Haughovim jedinicama
Floristički sastav i prinos biomase travnjaka Danthonietum calycinae pod uticajem đubrenja i kalcizacije
Get PDFThe aim of this study was evaluated change of botanical composition and dry matter yield influenced by different fertilizers (control, P60K60, N.60P60K60) and lime (without lime and 1000 kg ha-1 lime) of Danthonietum calycinae grassland type, in central part of Serbia. Nitrogen fertilisation treatments led to an increase of grass species, but also decreased plants from other families. Tretmant P60K60 with lime stimulated an increase of legumes in biomass in first and second year of investigation. Aplication of nitrogen increase forage yield in both years of investigation. Effect of P60K60 tretmans and lime on increasing dry matter yield was observed in second year.Cilj rada je bio ispitivanje uticaja đubrenja i kalcizacije na floristički sastav i prinos biljne zajednice Danthonietum calycinae, u centralnom delu Srbije. Ispitivani su tretmani đubrenja (kontrola, P60K60 i N60P60K60) i kalcifikacije (bez kreča i 1000 kg ha-1). Na tretmanina na kojima je unešen mineralni azot došlo je do porasta udela trava, a pada udela biljaka ostalih familija. Najpovoljniji uslovi za razvoj leguminoza bili su na tretmanima PK sa krečom, u obe godine istraživanja. Povoljan uticaj mineralnog azota uočen je već u prvoj godini, dok je unošenje fosfornih i kalijumovih đubriva dalo efekta na prinos tek u drugoj godini istraživanja
Doziranje mikroelemenata i korekcija pH vrednosti u oblasti zalivnih sistema; tehničko-tehnološko rešenje
Get PDFThe modern way of agricultural production involves the use of various watering systems. A large contribution to the cultivation of agricultural crops provides the possibility of dosing various microelements and correction of pH values by dosing technique. With the multi-annual cultivation of plants in one habitat, yield leads to depletion of the soil and loss of fertility. As a consequence, in the soil there is a deficit of microelements needed for optimum nutrition of plants. Therefore, these micro-elements must be replaced in the process of plant production.Savremeni način poljoprivredne proizvodnje podrazumeva korišćene različitih zalivnih sistema. Veliki doprinos uzgoju poljoprivrednih kultura daje mogućnost doziranja različitih mikroelemenata i korekcije pH vrednosti pomoću dozirne tehnike. Višegodišnjim gajenjem biljaka na jednom staništu, prinosom dolazi do osiromašenja zemljišta i gubitka plodnosti. Kao posledica toga, u zemljištu se javlja deficit mikroelemenata potrebnih za optimalnu ishranu biljaka. S toga se ti mikroelementi moraju nadomestiti u procesu biljne proizvodnje