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The VIDIS low-cost sensor network deployment in the city of Novi Sad
No full textAir quality monitoring sensor networks coupled together with advancements in miniaturization of particulate matter and other sensors enable a cost-effective paradigm-shift in the way in which air pollution is accessed. Compared to the traditional ways of monitoring air pollutants, low-cost sensor networks provide several advantages. Increased accessibility due to near real time data available from sensors, increased spatial resolution due to the possibility of deploying larger number of network nodes while simultaneously being cost effective and more simple deployment and maintenance procedures.
This paper documents the process of deployment of air quality monitoring low-cost sensor (LCS) network in the city of Novi Sad, from the initial design of the network, via the steps to ensure metrological traceability of the sensor nodes, with the final step of reporting of the collected data.
Having an oversight of sensor network accuracy is not a simple endeavour. Several procedures were conducted to ensure proper functioning of the deployed network nodes, and to determine sensor properties regarding particulate matter measurements. Firstly, common collocation before deployment was performed to verify the functionality of all devices before their integration into the network. During the deployment, monitoring of the stability of the sensors is facilitated and can be inspected by using transfer of calibration with the use of pre-calibrated low-cost devices. Finaly, short term colocation with reference station was performed for additional verification of measurement accuracy and to keep track of the possible calibration location – deployment location mismatch.9th WeBIOPATR Workshop & Conference: Particulate Matter: Research and Management : Abstracts of Keynote Invited Lectures and Contributed Papers; 28th November- 1st December, 2023; Belgrade, Serbia
Radiological characterization of monastery spring waters from the territory of the Republic of Serbia and the Montenegro
No full textSprovedeno istraživanje je usmereno na ispitivanje nivoa radioaktivnosti, sa fokusom na radionuklide antropogenog porekla, u izvorskim vodama iz dvorišta odabranih manastira sa teritorija Republike Srbije i Republike Crne Gore, s obzirom na to da se ove vode redovno podvrgavaju hemijskoj i bakteriološkoj analizi, ali njihova radiološka procena kvaliteta do sada nije potvrđena. Uzorkovanje je izvršeno na vodoizvorištima sledećih šest manastira: Rajinovac, Rakovica, Sveti Stefan, Žiča, Mileševa (Republika Srbija) i Sveta Trojica (Crna Gora). Nakon sakupljanja i odgovarajućeg hemijsko-analitičkog tretmana uzoraka, vršeno je merenje sadržaja radionuklida metodom gamaspektrometrije pomoću HPGe detektora, kao i spektrometrije beta zračenja upotrebom gasnog proporcionalnog i tečnog scintilacionog brojača. Poznavanje nivoa radionuklida u vodi za piće je od izuzetnog značaja, jer omogućava procenu usklađenosti sa preporučenim/parametarskim vrednostima, iznad kojih se procenjuje da li prisustvo radioaktivnih supstancija u vodi za piće predstavlja rizik po ljudsko zdravlje, koji zahteva primenu mera zaštite ili preduzimanje mera sanacije za poboljšanje kvaliteta do nivoa koji je u skladu sa zahtevima za zaštitu ljudskog zdravlja sa stanovišta zaštite od jonizujućeg zračenja. Rezultati istraživanja su pokazali da izvorske vode iz dvorišta odabranih manastira na teritorijama Republike Srbije i Crne Gore zadovoljavaju kriterijume radiološke ispravnosti vode za piće, što znači da nema uvećanog radijacionog rizika usled konzumacije istih.The conducted research is aimed at determination of the radioactivity level, focused on anthropogenic radionuclides, in spring water from courtyards of selected monasteries from the territories of the Republic of Serbia and the Republic of Montenegro, taking into account that, although the chemical and bacteriological analysis are performed often, the radiological assessment was not done so far. Sampling was carried out at the water sources of the following six monasteries: Rajinovac, Rakovica, Sveti Stefan, Žiča, Mileševa (Republic of Serbia) and Sveta Trojica (Republic of Montenegro). After the collection and appropriate chemical - analytical treatment of the samples, the measurement of the radionuclide content was preformed using gamma spectrometry on HPGe detectors, as well as beta radiation measurement using proportional counter and liquid scintillation detector. Knowledge of the level of radionuclides in drinking water is of great importance, as it allows for the assessment of compliance with the recommended/parametric values, above which it is assessed whether the presence of radioactive substances in drinking water poses a risk to human health, requiring the application of protective measures or the undertaking of remedial measures to improve the quality of the level that is in line with the requirements for the protection of human health from the point of view of radiation protection. The results of the research showed that the spring waters from the courtyards of the selected monasteries in the territories of the Republic of Serbia and the Republic of Montenegro meet the criteria of radiological safety of drinking water, which means that there is no increased radiation risk due to their consumption.XXXIII симпозијум ДЗЗСЦГ [Друштва за заштиту од зрачења Србије и Црне Горе] : 1-3. октобар 2025. године
MetroPOEM – metrology for the harmonisation of measurements of environmental pollutants in Europe –accomplished goals
No full textMetroPOEM je trogodišnji evropski projekat finansiran u okviru EMPIR programa, koji je realizovan u periodu 2022 - 2025. Glavni cilj ovog projekta je da uspostavi vezu između radiometrijskih i masenih tehnika merenja polutanata. Takođe, cilj projekta je bio smanjenje mernih nesigurnosti, limita detekcije, ali i razvoj novih referentnih materijala kojima bi se obezbedila sledivost mernih procedura. Novi referentni materijali su proizvedeni i njihova karakterizacija je izvršena posebnim merenjima i interkomparacijama. Postojeće metode merenja masenom spektrometrijom su analizirane, njihova ograničenja identifikovana i određena unapređenja i prilagođavanja su razvijena za potrebe merenja radionuklida.The MetroPOEM project (Metrology for harmonization of measurements of environmental pollutants in Europe) is a three-year European project financed under the EMPIR program, which started in 2022 and was finished in September of 2025. The goal was to establish a link between radiometric and massic measurement techniques. Also, the goal of the project is the reduction of measurement uncertainties and detection limits, and the development of new reference materials that ensure the traceability of measurement procedures. New reference materials were produced and their characterization was performed both using direct measurements and intercomparison measurements. Exsisting mass spectromentry measurement methods were analyzed, their limitations identified and certain addaptations and optimisation were developed for the measurement of radionuclidesXXXIII симпозијум ДЗЗСЦГ [Друштва за заштиту од зрачења Србије и Црне Горе] : 1-3. октобар 2025. године
Open Science in the Developing World: A Collection of Practical Guides for Researchers in Developing Countries
No full textOver the past decade, the open-science movement has transformed the research landscape, although its impact has largely been confined to developed countries. Recently, researchers from developing countries have called for a redesign of open science to better align with their unique contexts. However, raising awareness alone is insufficient—practical actions are required to drive meaningful and inclusive change. In this work, we analyze the opportunities offered by the open-science movement and explore the macro- and micro-level barriers researchers in developing countries face when engaging with these practices. Drawing on these insights and aiming to inspire researchers in developing regions or other resource-constrained contexts to embrace open-science practices, we offer a four-level guide for gradual engagement: (a) foundation, using open resources to build a solid foundation for rigorous research; (b) growth, adopting low-cost, easily implementable practices; (c) community, contributing to open-science communities through actionable steps; and (d) leadership, taking on leadership roles or forming local communities to foster cultural change. We further discuss potential pitfalls of the current open-science practices and call for readaptation of these practices in developing countries’ settings. We conclude by outlining concrete recommendations for future action
Pottery from the Bubanj Archaeological Site: A Study on Provenance and Production Technology
No full textThe paper presents the results of the first provenience study conducted on ceramic materials that belong to different stratigraphy layers on the same archaeological site. The suitable site was Bubanj, positioned on a high terrace near the Nišava River in the middle of the Niš Plain. The period from the Early to Late Eneolithic was archaeologically divided into cultural groups associated with these phases: Early Eneolithic, the Bubanj-Hum I group, Middle Eneolithic, the Chernavoda III-Boleraz-Baden group, and Late Eneolithic, the Cotofeni-Kostolac group. This study aims to determine similarities/differences in the origin of raw materials (based on compositional and mineralogical analysis) as well as the production technology (based on firing temperature assessment). The elemental composition of the ceramics and clay was determined using EDXRF spectrometry, and the mineral composition and its phases were determined using XRPD analysis, while FTIR spectrometry results were used for the firing temperature estimation. The analytical techniques used and mathematical models developed in this study showed that they were efficient in analyzing materials made of the same/similar raw materials. The usage of local raw and nonlocal raw materials was confirmed, and the archaeological grouping was confirmed based on the results. The results substantiate the notion of dynamic social interactions in the period following the mid-4th millennium calBC. This is evident not only by the distinct stylistic and typological features of Early Eneolithic ceramics compared to those of the Middle and Late Eneolithic but also by the technological differences in firing ceramics
Pechini synthesis method of Ho2O3 nanoparticles and their harnessing for extremely sensitive electrochemical sensing of diuron in juice samples; theoretical insights into sensing principle
No full textThis study developed a new electrochemical sensor for diuron (DIU) detection using a carbon paste electrode (CPE) upgraded with Ho2O3 nanoparticles. The Pechini method was used to synthesize Ho2O3 nanoparticles. The nanostructure properties of the material were confirmed using X-ray powder diffraction (XRPD), attenuated total reflectance (ATR) - Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The material electrocatalytic features were investigated using cyclic voltammetry (CV) and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). An analytical method for identifying and measuring DIU was established using square wave voltammetry (SWV). The proposed sensor exhibited a remarkable response to DIU, displaying a broad linear range (0.25 - 200 µM) and a detection limit of 0.03 µM. Its minimal influence from potential interfering substances confirmed the method's selectivity. When detecting DIU in water and juice samples, the CPE/Ho2O3 sensor showed good recovery results. The conventional UV–Vis detection method validated the sensor efficacy. © 202
Microwave electromagnetic shielding of free-standing composites of silver nanowires sandwiched between graphene oxide or reduced graphene oxide layers
No full textThe increasing use of microwave applications in modern society raises serious concerns about electromagnetic wave (EMW) exposure for public health. Furthermore, electromagnetic interferences (EMIs) caused by the cohabitation of high-frequency systems and equipment shorten lifespans and cause electromagnetic perturbations. Thus, there is a great need for lightweight and durable shielding materials that can prevent EMWs. In this paper, we developed composite materials based on a silver nanowire layer sandwiched between layers of graphene oxide or reduced graphene oxide and we studied the obtained composites as potential EMW shielding materials in a broad microwave frequency range. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2025.Peer-reviewed manuscript is available at [https://vinar.vin.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/16021
Advanced MEMS Technologies
No full textAdvanced MEMS (Micro-Electro-Mechanical Systems) represent a critical enabler of modern technology, offering miniaturized, high-performance solutions for industries such as consumer electronics, automotive, healthcare, telecommunications, and industrial automation. Innovations in fabrication techniques, such as advanced lithography, additive manufacturing, and wafer-level packaging, combined with the integration of MEMS with CMOS and AI, have driven rapid advancements in functionality, efficiency, and scalability. The global MEMS market is poised for robust growth, driven by applications in 5G, IoT, wearables, and biomedical technologies. Despite challenges such as high production costs and scaling complexities, increasing demand from emerging markets and advancements in microfabrication position MEMS as a foundational technology for next-generation systems. This chapter explores the state of advanced MEMS technologies, their applications, mathematical modeling methods, market trends, and future prospects
Transient modeling of impinging heat transfer from an acoustically modulated turbulent air jet to a normally positioned flat surface
No full textThe subject of this study is the numerical investigation of the impingement of an axisymmetric turbulent air jet on a flat surface, the influence of acoustic modulations on the coherent structures that form around the jet, and the effects on the heat transfer from the jet to the heated surface. The study showed how controlled acoustic perturbations influence the exit velocity profile from the nozzle and the formation of vortices in the boundary-layer of the jet. Since vortices are responsible for the redistribution of thermal energy transferred from the jet to the surface in impinging jet flow configurations, it is crucial to investigate whether their formation and evolution can be controlled. The results of the numerical simulations indicated very good agreement with experimentally measured velocity field. However, a problem arises in the prediction of the heat transfer because the standard k-ε model overestimates the values of the heat transfer coefficient in the stagnation zone because they were theoretically developed to use shear stresses for the generation of the turbulent kinetic energy, while in reality normal stresses are responsible for their generation in this flow situation. Due to the unstructured mesh used for the calculations, there are discrepancies in the results at larger edge distances. The complex flow at the impingement surface, the occurrence of secondary vortices and recirculation zones and their direct effect on the heat transfer cannot be fully captured by the mathematical model, even if the numerical errors are acceptable compared to experiments
Effect of Overheating Temperature on Microstructure and Hardness of HP40 Nb Alloy: Analysis by ANOVA
No full textIn this study, the influence of short-term overheating on the microstructure and hardness of tube segments made of centrifugally cast austenitic alloy HP40 Nb that were exposed to high temperatures in a stream of hydrocarbons and water vapor, at low pressure for more than 100,000 hours has been studied. Samples were heated up to 1223, 1323, and 1423 K under air at different time intervals from 30 to 480 min, respectively. Microstructural investigation and chemical analysis of as-cast and heat-treated specimens were performed by scanning electron microscopy and energy dispersive spectroscopy. The results showed significant differences in microstructure and hardness after short-term overheating. The results obtained were analyzed using regression analysis and ANOVA methods. The highest hardness of 203.85 HV10 was obtained after overheating at 1223 K for 480 min. The test results were analyzed using regression analysis and ANOVA test. ANOVA test confirmed the results with a 71.82 % model representativeness for hardness. This paper provides insights into the effects of short-term overheating on the mechanical properties of HP40 Nb grade steel after long-term operating conditions at high temperatures, which may be significant for improving performance and predicting the remaining life of the tubes made of HP40 Nb. © Timotijević et al