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Electrochemical treatment of pharmaceutical contaminants: Anodic oxidation of ibuprofen in water
No full textIbuprofen is a widely used non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) known for its analgesic, anti-inflammatory,
and antipyretic effects. Due to its extensive use, ibuprofen persists in the environment, posing potential risks to aquatic
ecosystems and human health due to its persistence and incomplete removal during conventional wastewater treatment
processes [1]. Electrochemical advanced oxidation processes (EAOPs), including anodic oxidation, can effectively
degrade ibuprofen and its by-products, converting them into safer, non-toxic compounds [2].
The efficiency degradation of ibuprofen using the SnO2/GNP (graphite nanoplates) anode was investigated in 0.1M
Na2SO4 solution, pH=3. At an initial ibuprofen concentration of 20 mg L⁻¹ and a current density of 15 mA cm⁻², the
efficiency of ibuprofen degradation reached 53% after 5 hours of anodic oxidation. With further adaptation and
optimization, this study demonstrated the feasibility of using SnO₂/GNP as an anode in the anodic oxidation process for
the degradation of the emerging contaminant ibuprofen under acidic pH conditions.19th International Conference on Chemistry and the Environment - Environmental Chemistry for Sustainability : Belgrade, Serbia, June 8-12, 2025
Hemp membranes with anionic functionalization for efficient removal of cationic pollutants
No full textThe primary aim of this study is to develop a membrane from treated waste hemp fibers using a dimethyl sulfoxide/tetra-n-butylammonium hydroxide (DMSO/TBAOH) solvent system and citric acid (CA) as an efficient adsorbent for the removal of cations and cationic dyes from water. The bio-renewable membrane (cHM) was prepared at the appropriate molar ratio of functional groups, which provided multiple functionalities for effective removal of cationic pollutants. The formed lignocellulosic cHM adsorbent was characterized in terms of its physicochemical, structural, and morphological properties through point of zero charge (pHPZC), porosity, Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), and Attenuated Total Reflectance Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR) measurements. Pore size was determined using image analysis and the dry-wet weight method. The effects of pH, initial concentration, temperature, and contact time on adsorption were studied in batch adsorption experiments. The membrane demonstrated high adsorption capacities for cationic pollutants, with values of 398.7 mg g-¹ for Safranine O (SO), 370.60 mg g-¹ for Methylene Blue (MB), and 445.4 mg g-¹ for Crystal Violet (CV), following Langmuir model fitting at 25°C. The adsorption process was found to be endothermic, spontaneous, and efficient, highlighting the membrane's potential for water purification. The kinetic parameters of the adsorption process were fitted to both pseudo-first- order and pseudo-second-order models. The five adsorption-desorption cycles yielded effluent waters rich in desorbed pollutants. Photocatalytic degradation of the desorbed dyes using commercial TiO2 as a catalyst, along with the chemical precipitation of cations into solid form, resulted in treated water that met current legislative standards. Biodegradability tests of the spent membrane confirmed its environmentally safe disposal after 85% degradation. This work demonstrates the application of green chemistry in transforming waste biomass into a high- performance adsorbent for wastewater treatment, offering an eco-friendly technology for water purification.EEM2025 - 9th International Congress Engineering, Environment and Materials in Process Industry; 2-4 april 2025; Bijeljina, Republic of Srpska, Bosnia and Herzegovina
Compositionally complex spinel-type oxides for advanced applications
No full textHigh-entropy spinel oxides (HESOs) represent a class of complex oxides, comprising of five or more metal cations distributed within a spinel crystal structure. Their structural complexity and tunable physical properties make them promising candidates for various advanced applications. Although multiple synthesis approaches have been explored to date, the development of novel, efficacious synthesis routes continues. In this study, HESOs with eight distinct compositions were synthesized utilizing the self-propagating room temperature method. Following thermal treatment at 1000 °C, XRD confirmed the formation of single-phase spinel (Fd-3m) oxides. Spark plasma sintering was successfully employed for the first time to densify HESOs, leading to relative densities between 94% and 99% while preserving the spinel phase. With a holding time of only 10 minutes, process efficiency was notably enhanced. SEM/EDS revealed a dense and homogeneous microstructure with minimal porosity. The obtained materials exhibit characteristics suitable for a broad spectrum of applications, including thermal barrier coatings, microwave absorbers, solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) cathodes, and gas sensors. This study presents a straightforward and effective route for the synthesis and densification of HESOs, contributing to the understanding of their properties.Programme and the Book of Abstracts / 8th Conference of The Serbian Society for Ceramic Materials, 8CSCS-2025, June 14-16, 2025, Belgrade, Serbia
Synthesis and characterization of carbon cryogel/multi-walled carbon nano tubes composite
No full textIn this study we investigated the possibility to incorporate multi-walled carbon nano tubes (MWCNTs) into the carbon cryogel matrix in order to enhance the structural, textural, and adsorptive properties of the carbon cryogels. Composites with different weight percentage of MWCNTs (1, 3 and 5%) were synthesized by sol-gel method, followed by freeze-drying and carbonization. The obtained materials were characterized using nitrogen adsorption-desorption measurements and field emission scanning electron microscopy. Also, point of zero charge (PZC) was determined. The application of composite in water purification processes will be investigated in batch adsorption experiments.Programme and the Book of Abstracts / 8th Conference of The Serbian Society for Ceramic Materials, 8CSCS-2025, June 14-16, 2025, Belgrade, Serbia
Sustainable Solutions for Pollutants Removal with a Hybrid Multifunctional Adsorbent Based on Recycled Expanded Glass
No full textThe removal of the As(V) and Iprodione fungicide onto EGS@APTES-GT, obtained by amino-modified expanded glass spheres (EGS) modified with goethite, wasstudied in this work. Material characterization was performed using SEM/EDS, XRD,and FTIR techniques. The adsorption capacities of 51.01 and 94.28 mg g−1, for As(V) andIprodione removal at 25 ◦C, respectively, were achieved. A kinetic study indicated lowerintraparticle diffusional transport resistance. Physisorption is the dominant mechanism forIprodione removal, while surface complexation is for As(V). The disposal of effluent waterafter five adsorption–desorption cycles was attained through Iprodione photocatalyticdegradation and arsenate precipitation. Exhausted EGS@APTES-GT, processed by goethiteacidic dissolution and grinding, was used as a reinforcing filler in composites productionbased on commercial unsaturated polyester resin (UPe). An improvement in the mechanical properties was observed, with a gradual increase in the tensile strength, reaching amaximum of 25.9% for UPe with 10 wt.% of ground exhausted adsorbent compared to pureUPe. The overarching concept is defined by the aspiration to develop technologies thataddress all output flows of advanced processes. Thus, the combination of wastewater treatment technologies and the production of potentially marketable composites successfullyachieved both a low environmental impact and the implementation of a circular economy
Theoretical insight into structural and mechanical features of Hf0.5Ta0.5C
No full textTantalum carbide (TaC) and hafnium carbide (HfC), as well as mixed hafnium tantalum carbides, are of great recent scientific and industrial interest due to their structural features, and thermal, elastic and mechanical properties. In order to identify the possible crystal structure candidates in the Hf0.5Ta0.5C system that are (meta)stable for different pressures, a global search was performed on the energy landscape of the system. The obtained structure candidates were further locally optimized on the DFT level and the relaxed structures were crystallographically analysed and compared. As a result, the experimentally observed rock salt phase was found as a global minimum and dozen additional feasible modifications of Hf0.5Ta0.5C were predicted. Besides the experimentally observed NaCl-type structure, various distorted versions of this structure type were found, as well as modifications exhibiting the NiAs-, ortho- and 5-5-type of structure. Furthermore,mechanical properties including bulk, shear, Young’s moduli, elastic constants and the Vicker hardness were computed for all promising predicted structure candidates. We believe that the present results will help in understanding the structure-property relationship in mixed HfC/TaC systems
Material Characterization of Graphene Oxide and Reduced Graphene Oxide Using Resonance Methods
No full textThis study investigates the impact of chemical reduction on the structural and electromagnetic properties of GO and rGO. Using the modified Hummers method for GO synthesis and ascorbic acid as a reducing agent, we prepared samples with varying mass densities (1.96 mg/cm2 and 2.21 mg/cm2). Thickness measurements revealed notable reductions post-reduction, highlighting structural changes likely due to the removal of oxygen-containing functional groups. Electromagnetic characterization was performed using SPDR and SiPDR techniques. The SPDR method provided dielectric constant and loss tangent values for GO, demonstrating the influence of mass density on polarization and energy dissipation. Meanwhile, SiPDR measurements revealed a decrease in resistivity and a increase in conductivity for rGO samples, with conductivity reaching up to 572.24 S/m. These results underscore the effectiveness of the reduction process in restoring and enhancing the intrinsic electrical properties of graphene
Mehanizmi oštećenja cevi izlaznog međupregrejača pare nastali nakon 200.000 časova eksploatacije
No full textHeat-resistant steel grade 12H1MF has been used for many years in domestic thermal power plants for the production of elements within the thermal energy system. Steel 12H1MF is used for manufacturing pressure vessels, which are exposed to the simultaneous effect of elevated temperature and internal and external pressure. In this study, an experimental investigation was conducted, including visual and dimensional control, hardness testing, chemical analysis, and microstructural characterization of a U-bend tube made of 12H1MF steel. The U-bend tube was formed by cold bending a steam inter-heater output tube after 200,000 hours of exploitation at a temperature of 540 °C and a maximum working pressure of 4.6 MPa. Based on the obtained experimental results, it can be confirmed that the U-bend tube was damaged due to the effect of gas corrosion, as well as that there was decarburization of the surface layer of the material on the outer surface of the tube exposed to the impact of flue gases, while the degradation of the material did not occur despite long-term exploitation. The examination determined that there was no material creep, which confirms that this tube's integrity was not damaged.Toplotnopostojani čelik klase 12H1MF već dugo godina se koristi u našim postrojenjima za izradu elemenata termoenergetskog sistema. Čelik 12H1MF se koristi za izradu posuda pod pritiskom, koje su izložene istovremenom dejstvu povišene temperature, kao i unutrašnjem i spoljašnjem pritisku. U ovom radu je izvršeno eksperimentalno ispitivanje koje se odnosi na vizuelnu i dimenzionu kontrolu, merenje tvrdoće, hemijsku analizu, kao i mikrostrukturnu karakterizaciju cevnog luka izrađenog od čelika 12H1MF. Cevni luk je dobijen hladnim savijanjem cevi izlaznog međupregrejača pare nakon 200.000 časova eksploatacije na temperaturi od 540°C i maksimalnom radnom pritisku od 4,6 MPa. Na osnovu dobijenih eksperimentalnih rezultata može se potvrditi da je cevni luk oštećenjen usled dejstva gasne korozije, kao i da je došlo po pojave razugljeničenja površinskog sloja materijala na spoljašnjoj površini cevi izloženoj dejstvu dimnih gasova, dok do degradacije materijala nije došlo i pored dugotrajne eksploatacije. Ispitivanjem je utvrđeno da nije došlo do pojave puzanja materijala što potvrđuje da nije narušen integritet ove cevi
Superabsorbent hydrogel preparation by copolymerization of pine bark maleilated polyflavonoids with acrylic acid
No full textIn this work, maleilated polyflavonoids from pine bark were used as renewable building blocks in the free radical polymerization route of acrylic acid. The copolymerization reaction under different molar ratios of components and different reaction temperatures was studied. It was shown that an increase in reaction temperature from 20 to 80 ℃ increased the conversion degree and accelerated the gelation time. The copolymers with maximum conversion degree were obtained at 62 ℃ and polyflavonoid:acrylic acid molar ratio 1.125. The swelling degree of copolymers strongly depended on temperature and molar ratio of components and ranged between 1000% and 7000 %. The highest swelling degree of 7000 % was obtained for the copolymers synthesized at 80 ℃ and polyflavonoid:acrylic acid with a ratio of 0.25. The results presented in this work imply that it is possible to design the materials with specific morphology and swelling ability by tuning the different reaction parameters. Moreover, it is shown that maleilated polyflavonoids might be used as biobased compounds in industrial routes associated with production of superabsorbent materials
Changes in retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) during aging and fish oil treatment in 5xFAD mouse model of Alzheimer's disease
No full textBelgrade Neuroscience Next Hub 2025 with international participation February 27, 2025. Belgrade, Serbia