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Nonlinear Laser Scanning Microscopy for noninvasive imaging of cells labeled by up-converting NaY0.65Gd0.15F4:Yb0.18Er0.2 nanoparticles
No full textNonlinear Laser Scanning Microscopy (NLSM) is a modern technique that utilizes ultrafast-pulsed lasers in the near-infrared wavelength range, which makes it suitable for noninvasive imaging of living cells. In this study, αNaY0.65Gd0.15F4:Yb0.18Er0.2 nanoparticles were synthetized and their potential for non-specific cell labeling was investigated using NLSM. These up-converting nanoparticles (UCNPs) have a significant potential in biomedical sciences as fluorescent probes for early cancer detection. Upon excitation by near-infrared light UCNPs are able to emit visible or ultraviolet photons, enabling deep noninvasive tissue imaging. The solvothermal synthesis applied chitosan, a polymer that ensures biocompatibility of synthetized UCNPs. Their morphological and structural characterization included following analyses: X-ray powder diffraction, scanning electron microscopy coupled with energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and photoluminescence spectroscopy. Cell lines tested for labeling and visualization were HS-5 fibroblast healthy cells and SCC–25 oral cancer cells. Following nanoparticles incubation in these, NLSM was performed using Ti:Sapphire laser (Coherent, Mira 900-F) as a laser light source, operating in both, femto-second pulse mode and continuous wave mode. In order to visualize cells through their autofluorescence, excitation wavelength of 730 nm in femtosecond mode was used, while for their visualization through excitation of incubated nanoparticles continuous wavelength of 976 nm was used. Obtained images implied that the UCNPs were located adjacent to the plasma membrane in the cytoplasmic region of both healthy and cancer cells, without disturbing the morphology of cells. Besides this, UCNPs exhibited relative temperature sensitivity of ~1.3% K-1 indicating their potential for measuring the temperature in tissues
Measurement of Wall Thickness in Heat Exchanger Tubes by Simultaneous Use of Low- and Highcoherence Fiber-Optic Interferometry
No full textMeasuring wall thickness (WT) in industrial tubes, pipes, and fittings, such as elbows and tees, is vital for ensuring safety in chemical plants, nuclear facilities, and gas or liquid systems. Wall thinning due to flow-accelerated corrosion and erosion can lead to structural failures, causing leaks of hazardous substances. Current non-destructive testing methods, such as ultrasound and eddy current, require plant shutdowns and manual operation. To address this, we propose a fiber-optic sensing technique for WT measurement in running plant operations, which uses lowand high-coherence interferometry applied simultaneously. The measuring set-up consists of a 3 \times 3 single-mode fiberoptic coupler, with the sensing and the reference arms as multi-turn coils bonded to a monitored tube. A dummy stainless-steel tube (120 mm length, 18 mm OD) with three welded sections of different WT (\mathbf0. 5 \boldsymbol, \mathbf1. 0 \boldsymbol, \mathbf1. 5 m m) was tested under 0-8 bar air pressure. WT was determined from the strain derived from the low- and high-coherence interference signals. The measured circumferential strain ranges up to 50 \mu \varepsilon for a 5 -turn fiber coil
Characterisation of SiOx thin films deposited by remote high density atomic oxygen plasma source
No full textPlasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition (PECVD) of SiOx is often used for depositing insulating layers in integrated circuits or barrier films on polymers. Typically, a mixture of oxygen and few percent of volatile organosilicon precursor, like hexamethyldisiloxane (HDMSO) or tetraethoxysilane (TEOS) is introduced in RF plasma, commencing polymerization and thin film deposition [1]. Atomic oxygen generated in plasma then etch hydrocarbon component in deposited film, regulating the carbon concentration and film’s barrier properties [2]. Here, we analyze the thin SiOx film deposited by using miniature microwave inductive coupled plasma jet (MMWICP). MMWICP is running in pure oxygen at 10 mbar generating an effluent of atomic oxygen with the flux Γ ≈ 2.5 1022 m-2 s-1. Plasma effluent enters the deposition chamber filled with oxygen diluted precursor (HDMSO or TEOS) in the ratio 200/2 sccm. Due to the remote position of plasma source, plasma-borne reactive species other than oxygen should have negligible influence on polymerization and deposition. The deposited film is investigated by x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), Furrier – transformed infrared (FTIR) absorption spectroscopy and profilometry. The spectra of deposited SiOx with different precursors will be presented and discussed
Conceptul de “Onoare și rușine” și apariția omului din Muntenegru: o perspectivă antropologică
No full textLife on unproductive land in mountainous communities across
the Mediterranean has historically produced a constant pressure to
master and control scarce natural resources. Material scarcity – one of
the central features of everyday existence for these marginalized
populations – created the social environment in which the cultural
logic of “honor and shame” emerged and became a dominant moral
framework. This paper examines how both ecological constraints and
social organization influenced the structure of gender relations and
contributed to the making of masculinity within the traditional tribal
society of Montenegro. As a mechanism for evaluating the social
reputation of individuals, families and brotherhoods (historical tribal
kinship groups), the concept of honor and shame relied on
differentiated normative expectations for men and women, while also
acquiring distinctive local cultural forms. Drawing on classic
anthropological perspectives on honor and shame (as articulated in the
works of Pitt-Rivers, Peristiany, Schneider, and others), as well as
foundational theories of masculinity (as articulated in the works of
Kimmel, Connell, Gutmann, and others), the paper analyzes
ethnographic material on gender relations in Montenegrin traditional
society. The analysis highlights how masculine identity was shaped
through the interplay of ecological hardship, kinship structures, warfare, and moral expectations, ultimately producing a culturally
specific model of the “Montenegrin man.” By situating this model
within a broader Mediterranean framework, the paper aims to
contribute to current anthropological debates on the relationship
between environment, social norms, and the historical construction of
masculinities.Viața pe terenuri neproductive în comunitățile montane de-a lungul Mării Mediterane a produs din punct de vedere istoric o presiune constantă în a stăpâni și controla lipsa de resursele naturale. Lipsa materială – una dintre trăsăturile centrale ale existenței de zi cu zi pentru aceste populații marginalizate – a creat mediul social în care logica culturală a “onoarei și rușinii” a apărut și a devenit un cadru moral dominant. Lucrarea analizează modul în care atât constrângerile ecologice, cât și organizarea socială au influențat structura relațiilor între sexe și au contribuit la crearea masculinității în cadrul societății tribale tradiționale din Muntenegru. Ca mecanism de evaluare a reputației sociale a indivizilor, familiilor și fraternităților (grupuri istorice de rudenie tribală), conceptul de onoare și rușine s-a bazat pe așteptări normative diferențiate pentru bărbați și femei, dobândind în același timp forme culturale locale distincte. Bazându-se pe perspective antropologice clasice asupra onoarei și rușinii (așa cum se menționează în lucrările lui Pitt-Rivers, Peristiany, Schneider și alții ), precum și pe teoriile fundamentale ale masculinității (așa cum sunt menționate în lucrările lui Kimmel, Connell, Gutmann și alții), lucrarea analizează materialul etnografic privind relațiile dintre sexe în societatea tradițională din Muntenegru. Analiza evidențiază modul în care identitatea masculină a fost modelată prin interacțiunea dintre greutățile ecologice, structurile de rudenie, războiul și așteptările morale, producând în cele din urmă un model cultural specific al’’omului din Muntenegru’’. Prin situarea acestui model într-un cadru mediteranean mai larg, lucrarea își propune să contribuie la dezbaterile antropologice actuale privind relația dintre mediu, normele sociale și construcția istorică a masculinității.International Interdisciplinary Symposium Nature and Man, XXXVIth edition "Geology and Anthropology", 20-21 November 2025, Prahova County Natural Sciences Museum / Simpozion internaţional interdisciplinar Natura şi Omul, ediţia a XXXVI-a "Geologie și Antropologie", 20-21 Noiembrie 2025, Muzeul Judeţean de Ştiinţele Naturii Prahova, Ploieşt
Three Decades of Serbian Discourse Studies (1993–2023)
No full textОвај прилог доноси пресек стања на пољу срби-
стичке анализе дискурса у тродеценијском распону од 1993. до
2023. године. Основни циљ рада јесте састављање инвентара
досадашњих научних радова, монографија, докторских и ма-
гистарских теза, те указивање на главне правце размишљања,
теме и теоријско-методолошке приступе уочене у радовима
домаћих аутора у поменутом периоду. Након одређивања
хронолошког и тематског оквира, као и основних критеријума
за селекцију грађе, даје се квалитативна анализа корпуса који
сачињавају 354 јединице распоређене према семантичком (тип
дискурса на коме се спроводи истраживање) и формалном
критеријуму (тип публикације). Преглед грађе сведочи о
доминантном занимању за лингвистичке особености ме-
дијског, рекламног и политичког дискурса, којима аутори
приступају како из једнојезичне, тако и из контрастивне
перспективе, не испуштајући из вида сложене (међу)односе
на релацији језик – појединац – друштво. Анализа пока-
зује да су истраживања вршена са различитих аспеката од
морфофонолошког и деривационог, преко синтаксичког и
лексичкосемантичког до когнитивнолингвистичког и прагма-
тичког. У коначишту, истраживање тежи да на једном месту
систематизује постојеће публикације и представи најчешће
отваране теме и теоријско-методолошке приступе примењи-
ване у србистичкој анализи дискурса, истовремено указујући
на неопходност темељног интердисциплинарног сагледавања
широког спектра ванјезичких чинилаца који мотивишу
употребу одређеног језичког израза сагласно типу дискурса.This contribution aimed to provide an overview of recent developments in the field of
Serbian discourse studies, covering a thirty-year period from 1993 to 2023. In addition to
highlighting the main topics and areas of interest, the paper sought to compile an inventory
of previous scholarly works and thereby lay the groundwork for further research in
linguistics and closely related social sciences such as media studies, sociology, anthropology,
etc. Following the establishment of a chronological and thematic framework, along
with criteria for material selection, a qualitative analysis was conducted on a corpus of
354 items. The corpus was first categorized based on semantic criteria (i.e., the type of
discourse analyzed), and then by formal criteria (type of publication, such as original
research articles, books/manuals, doctoral dissertations, and master’s theses), in an effort
to systematize and link prior findings. The material was drawn from Serbian philological
journals, conference proceedings, digital libraries, and open-source databases, including those developed at Serbian university centres and the Serbian Academy of Sciences and
Arts (e.g., DAIS, Phaidra, COBISS, etc.). The analysis revealed that most works focused
on Serbian media, advertising, and political discourse, while other types of discourse
were represented to a much lesser extent. Finally, the study underscored the importance
of a thorough interdisciplinary analysis of a broader range of extralinguistic factors that
influence the use of particular linguistic expressions in specific types of discourse
Enhancing Hydrogen Evolution: The Role of Rapid Thermal Treatment in Modifying MAX Structure
No full textAs a large family of two-dimensional (2D) materials [1,2], MAX/MXenes have been widely used in many fields, including energy-related applications, either independently or integrated with other compounds [3]. Herein, Niobium Aluminum Carbide (Nb2AlC) MAX phase is subjected to a rapid thermal annealing (RTA) process under high vacuum conditions for controlled temperature and duration. The influence of RTA treatment on the structural and surface properties of MAX phase has been characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), Raman spectroscopy, High-Resolution Transmission Electron Microscopy (HRTEM), and X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS). Both MAX pristine and its thermally treated derivatives are examined for hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) performance using Linear Sweep Voltammetry (LSV), revealing the catalytic benefits driven by thermal processing. Ex-situ Raman and Impedance methods are employed to further examine the influence of RTA on the HER performance of the MAX phase. The work provides a simple and efficient approach for tuning the electrocatalytic properties of 2D materials
Enhanced Electrochemical Sensing of Doxorubicin Using a Polymer Nanocomposite-Modified Screen-Printed Carbon Electrode
No full textAdvancements in electrochemical sensor design continuously refine surface kinetics, leading to enhanced analytical performance, greater reliability, and broader application potential. Among various sensor platforms, screen-printed electrodes (SPEs) have gained significant attention for sensitive drug detection due to their adaptability for surface modifications. The integration of carbon nanomaterials, noble metals, and polymers has substantially improved electroanalytical performance, leveraging their unique chemical and physical properties to enhance electrode reactivity. This study presents the development of a novel electrochemical sensor based on a polymer-modified carbon SPE for the detection of doxorubicin (DOX) at low clinical concentrations. The sensor's unique modification involves a nanocomposite of reduced graphene oxide decorated with gold nanoparticles, embedded within a Nafion matrix — a configuration not previously reported in the literature for DOX detection. The synthesized material was characterized using FTIR, Raman spectroscopy, XRD, and SEM. Electrochemical analysis via cyclic voltammetry demonstrated precise quantification of DOX, exhibiting a linear concentration range of 1.5 to 22.1 μM and an improved detection limit of 9.263 μM, compared to 16.676 μM for the unmodified SPE. The developed sensor also exhibited an enhanced sensitivity of 0.272 μA/μM, significantly higher than the bare electrode’s 0.152 μA/μM. Additionally, its high surface area, efficient functionalization, and rapid response highlight its potential for practical applications in anticancer drug monitoring
Advanced titanium implants: combating corrosion and infection with cutting-edge coatings
No full textThe presented research investigates the corrosion behavior of commercially pure titanium (cp-Ti) and amorphous calcium phosphate–chitosan (ACP@ChOL) coatings enriched with selenium on titanium in simulated body fluid (SBF). Using potentiodynamic polarization techniques, it was sought to derive essential corrosion parameters – corrosion potential, corrosion current density, breakdown potential, and passivation current. This study pioneers a comparative analysis of the corrosion stability of both samples. SEM/EDS analysis of surfaces pre- and postpotentiodynamic measurements offered insights into morphology and elemental composition. The aim was to elucidate the corrosion mechanism by integrating these techniques. Additionally, spontaneous corrosion behavior over 7 days, monitoring changes in open circuit potential, polarization resistance, and impedance were investigated. Furthermore, the antimicrobial efficacy of ACP@ChOL enriched with Se on titanium was assessed against Escherichia coli , Staphylococcus aureus , and Candida albicans , as well as in vitro release of Se. The presented study extends understanding, offering a unique perspective on the corrosion behavior and antimicrobial attributes of ACP@ChOL coatings enriched with Se on titanium. This composite material exhibits promise for medical applications, presenting an innovative avenue for addressing corrosion concerns and potentially reducing antibiotic reliance
