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Synthesis and characterization of Cd(II) complexes with hydrazonyl-selenazoles and hydrazonyl-thiazoles
No full textJedna od najvećih pretnji javnom zdravlju širom sveta jeste antimikrobna rezistencija. Uprkos ovom
rastućem riziku, proizvedeno je vrlo malo antibiotika sa novim mehanizmima dejstva, što dovodi do
nedostatka antibiotika koji bi efikasno mogli lečiti infekcije izazvane patogenima. Stoga, javlja se
hitna potreba za dizajnom i razvojem novih klasa jedinjenja. Hibridi na bazi privilegovanih struktura,
kao što su piridin, hidrazon, tiazol i njegov izoster selenazol, su molekuli od kojih se očekuje izrazita
biološka aktivnost koja se može poboljšati kompleksiranjem sa jonima metala. Jedinjenja bazirana na
metalima postaju alternativa organskim molekulima jer imaju sposobnost da ubijaju patogene
specifičnim načinima delovanja. U ovom radu je prikazana sinteza i strukturna karakterizacija 14
kompleksnih jedinjenja Cd(II) sa hidrazonil-selenazolima i njihovim sumpornim analozima.
Dobijeno je 12 katjonskih i dva neutralna kompleksa. Ligandi su koordinovani za centralni jon metala
tridentatno preko NNN donorskog seta atoma: piridinskog, iminskog i preko atoma azota iz
selenazolovog, odnosno tiazolovog prstena. Odstupanje od pravilne oktaedarske geometrije uočeno
je u svim kompleksima i može se pripisati ograničenjima koje nameće koordinacija liganada. Ispitana
su termička svojstva svih sintetisanih kompleksa. Rezultati su pokazali da mehanizam degradacije
zavisi od prirode rastvarača koji su prisutni u spoljašnjoj sferi kompleksnog jedinjenja.
Eksperimentalno određene konstante stabilnosti kompleksa sa derivatima 2-formilpiridina ukazuju
na njihovu stabilnost. Antimikrobna aktivnost liganada i kompleksa ispitana je na pet sojeva Grampozitivnih,
pet sojeva Gram-negativnih bakterija, dva soja gljivica i jednom soju kvasca. Svi
kompleksi Cd(II) značajno su aktivniji u odnosu na svoje prekursore. Kompleksi sa derivatima 2-
formilpiridina pokazali su veću antibakterijsku aktivnost u odnosu na komplekse sa derivatima 2-
benzoilpiridina. Posebno se izdvajaju kompleksi 1–S, 2–S, 1–Se, 2–Se, 6–S, čije su vrednosti
minimalne inhibitorne koncentracije u nanomolarnom opsegu i koji su pokazali bolju aktivnost na
svim ispitivanim bakterijskim sojevima u odnosu na antibiotik (eritromicin). Kod antifungalne
aktivnosti uočen je suprotan trend. Svi kompleksi sa 2-benzoilpiridinskim derivatima pokazali su
veću aktivnost. Antioksidativni potencijal jedinjenja ispitivan je pomoću dva eseja. U DPPH testu
obezbojavanja 2,2-difenil-1-pikrilhidrazil radikala, svi katjonski kompleksi imaju izraženiju
sposobnost uklanjanja slobodnih radikala u odnosu na korišćeni standard. Analizom rezultata
dobijenih u ABTS testu obezbojavanje 2,2-azino-bis(3-etilbenztiazolin-6-sulfonske kiseline),
uočeno je da katjonski kompleksi koji u spoljašnjoj sferi imaju nitratne jone pokazuju dvostruko bolju
aktivnost od askorbinske kiseline i troloksa.One of the greatest threats to public health worldwide is antimicrobial resistance. Despite this growing
risk, very few antibiotics with new mechanisms of action have been developed, leading to a shortage
of antibiotics that can effectively treat infections caused by pathogens. Therefore, there is an urgent
need for the design and development of new classes of compounds. Hybrids based on privileged
structures such as pyridine, hydrazone, thiazole, and its isoster selenazole are molecules expected to
exhibit significant biological activity, which can be further enhanced by complexation with metal
ions. Metal-based compounds are becoming an alternative to organic molecules due to their ability to
kill pathogens through specific modes of action.
In this study, the synthesis and structural characterization of 14 complex Cd(II) compounds with
hydrazonyl-selenazoles and their sulfur analogs are presented. Twelve cationic and two neutral
complexes were obtained. The ligands were coordinated to the central metal ion tridentately through
the NNN donor set of atoms: pyridine, imine, and nitrogen atoms from the selenazole or thiazole ring.
Deviation from the ideal octahedral geometry was observed in all complexes and can be attributed to
the constraints imposed by ligand coordination. The thermal properties of all synthesized complexes
were investigated. The results showed that the degradation mechanism depends on the nature of the
solvents present in the outer sphere of the complex compound. Experimentally determined stability
constants of complexes with 2-formylpyridine derivatives indicate their stability.
The antimicrobial activity of the ligands and complexes was tested on five Gram-positive bacterial
strains, five Gram-negative strains, two fungal strains and one yeast strain. All Cd(II) complexes were
significantly more active compared to their precursors. Complexes with 2-formylpyridine derivatives
demonstrated superior antibacterial activity compared to those with 2-benzoylpyridine derivatives.
Notably, complexes 1–S, 2–S, 1–Se, 2–Se and 6–S exhibited minimum inhibitory concentration
values in the nanomolar range and showed better activity against all tested bacterial strains than the
reference antibiotic (erythromycin). In contrast, an opposite trend was observed in antifungal activity,
where all complexes with 2-benzoylpyridine derivatives showed higher efficacy.
The antioxidant potential of the compounds was evaluated using two assays. In the DPPH (2,2-
diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) radical scavenging assay, all cationic complexes demonstrated a stronger
radical scavenging ability compared to the standard. Analysis of the results obtained in the ABTS
(2,2'-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid)) decolorization assay revealed that cationic
complexes containing nitrate ions in the outer sphere exhibited twice the activity of ascorbic acid and
trolox
Предвиђање финансирања одбране Републике Србије применом математичко-статистичких метода и анализа могућих сценарија
No full textFitocenološka i ekološka analiza hazmofitske vegetacije Stare planine
No full textThe chasmophytic vegetation of the Asplenietea trichomanis class on Stara Planina Mt. in Serbia has been poorly studied. Consequently, this study aims to identify and classify the chasmophytic communities of this area and determine the key ecological factors influencing their floristic composition. Using UPGMA hierarchical cluster analysis on a dataset comprising 210 relevés and 146 vascular plant taxa, 18 communities were identified - 15 chasmophytic and three transitional between chasmophytic and grassland vegetation. Chasmophytic associations are classified into four orders (Potentilletalia caulescentis, Violo biflorae-Cystopteridetalia alpinae, Asplenietalia septentrionalo-cuneifolii, and Androsacetalia vandelli) and five alliances (Edraiantho graminifolii-Erysimion comati, Violo biflorae-Cystopteridion alpinae, Asplenion septentrionalis, Silenion lerchenfeldianae, and Saxifragion cymosae), with all but Silenion lerchenfeldianae recorded for the first time in this region. Ordination analyses identified altitude, air temperature, and substrate moisture as the primary ecological factors shaping the floristic composition of these communities. Additionally, field observations highlighted the roles of topographic heterogeneity, light, and exposure in influencing temperature and moisture. Despite the limited spatial extent of rocky habitats, 146 vascular plant taxa were recorded, revealing a remarkable diversity. The prevalent families are Poaceae, Caryophyllaceae, and Asteraceae, while Sedum, Asplenium, and Saxifraga are the dominant genera. Hemicryptophytes and chamaephytes are the most common life forms, reflecting their adaptations to extreme rocky environments. The prevalence of Eurasian-montane and Mediterranean-sub-Mediterranean taxa aligns with the mountain-continental climate of high-altitude belts and the impact of the changed Mediterranean climate in gorges and canyons. The significant presence of endemics and relics confirms the refugial nature of these habitats and their importance for the conservation of rare species. This study provides new insights into the chasmophytic flora and vegetation of Stara Planina Mt., revealing greater diversity and syntaxonomic complexity than previously assumed and emphasizing the need for targeted conservation efforts, particularly considering ongoing climate change and increasing anthropogenic pressures
Automatic named entity recognition from medical documents in the Serbian language
No full textThe majority of useful clinical information contained in electronic health records remains in unstructured form such as medical histories and discharge summaries. To enable the use of aforementioned information it needs to be converted into a structured form, that is, knowledge extraction from medical documents needs to be performed first.Within this dissertation, a system for the automatic recognition of named entities from medical documents in the Serbian language has been developed. The developed system utilizes modern deep learning methods, consisting of an ensemble of conditional random fields, recurrent neural networks, and multilingual transformers. The prototype system achieved an F1 score of 0.899, which is comparable to the inter-annotator agreement. The prototype developed in this research enables the extraction of knowledge from medical documents written in the Serbian language. It allows the use of named entities as a basis for further research, which was not previously possible due to the lack of adequate lexical resources for the Serbian language. In addition to the results of the proposed system representing an intermediate step towards more complex systems, they can be directly used by physicians to gain insight into diagnoses, tests, and therapies for a large number of patients over a broad time period, which would be unfeasible with data in unstructured form. As a support in research, they can enable physicians to more easily and quickly conduct observational studies. Mnoštvo korisnih kliničkih informacija u elektronskim zdravstvenim kartonima je i dalje u nestrukturiranoj formi poput izveštaja i anamneza.Kako bi se omogućila upotreba navedenih informacija potrebno ih je pretvoriti u strukturiranu formu, odnosno potrebno je izvršiti ekstrahovanje znanja iz nestrukturiranih medicinskih dokumenata. U okviru ove disertacije, razvijen je sistem za automatsko prepoznavanje imenovanih entiteta iz medicinskih dokumenata na srpskom jeziku. Razvijeni sistem koristi savremene metode dubokog učenja, odnosno sastoji se od ansambla uslovnih slučajnih polja, rekurentnih neuronski mreža i više-jezičkih transformera. Prototip sistema postigao je F1 meru od 0.899, što je uporedivo sa nivoom saglasnosti anotatora. Prototip sistema razvijen u okviru ovog istraživanja omogućava ekstrahovanje znanja iz medicinskih dokumenata na srpskom jeziku. Omogućena je upotreba imenovanih entiteta kao osnovu za dalja istraživanja, koja do sada nisu bila moguća jer su zavisila od leksičkih resursa koji za srpski jezik ne postoje u adekvatnoj meri. Pored toga što rezultati predloženog sistema predstavljaju međukorak za kompleksnije sisteme, oni se mogu direktno koristiti od strane lekara za uvid u dijagnoze, testove i terapije velikog broja pacijenata za širok vremenski period što bi bilo neizvodljivo sa podacima u nestrukturiranoj formi. Kao podrška u istraživanju, mogu da omoguće lekarima da lakše i brže vrše opservacijske studije.</p
ǂThe ǂphilosophical and technical knowledge of Ancient Greece in the context of the development of sports culture
No full textРад представља прилог проучавању филозофског и техничког знања античке Грчке
у контексту развоја културе спорта. Истраживање је било условљено анализом зависних
развојних аспеката у научним или техничко-технолошким дисциплинама, проблемима, или
достигнућима, који су имали додирних тачака са спортом античке Грчке. У античкој Грчкој
спорт је представљао саставни део вредности културе. Та вредност се везује за људски
активизам у коме је незаобилазан био динамизам ривалства. У суштини агонa открива
суштину надметања са једнаким изгледима, у једнаким условима, где се остварује
равноправност атлета. У неизвесности активизма и антагонизма, агона на стадиону пружа
могућност да атлета проживи обрачун са противником, али и собом, како би могао на
основу стеченог искуства наговестити и неке промене у смеру бољитка свога живота.
Прекорачење достигнуте границе означава жељену промену код атлете, али и потврду
слободне воље. Циљ рада је да укаже на откривање релевантних фактора у испитивању
научно-технолошке сарадње која је постојала између кључних научних области у античкој
Грчкој, које су имале и међусобни утицај на сферу спорта. Рад се означава као
мултидисциплинарно истраживање у коме су се користиле: историјско критичка метода,
компаративна метода, квалитативна анализа, синтеза, индукција, дедукција, аналогија и
таксономија. Укрштање наведених научних метода омогућило је пут ка откривању научне
истине у повезивању различитих видова знања из више научних дисциплина који су
омогућили обухватније разумевање културе спорта античке Грчке. Рад представља
теоријску синтезу резултата истраживања у оквиру којих је установљена веза између више
научних дисциплина и спорта у античкој Грчкој. То указује да су знања из филозофије,
медицине, теологије, математике, музике, педагогије, историје, уметности и других
научних дисциплина, била у контексту развоја културе спорта. У основи, рад је заснован на
представљању и анализирању значајних оригиналних текстова. Резултати истраживања су
указали да је спорт заузимао значајно место у животу људи античке Грчке. Забележено је
да су се значајни филозофи, попут Талеса, Ферекида, Питагоре, Сократа, Платона,
Аристотела и других налазили у видокругу спорта, као такмичари, учитељи атлета или
посматрачи. Хипократ и Гален су остварили такође јаку везу са спортом кроз битна начела
за здравље атлета. Слично се може рећи за Мирона, Пракситела, Фидију и др. Спорт није
био само телесна вежба у античкој Грчкој, већ се и као духовно-телесна делатност развијао
унутар филозофије живота и разумевања односа човека и света. У раду је утврђено да
постоји узајамно прожимање филозофије, технике и спорта, који нису били одвојене
делатности, већ је у њиховој интеракцији друштво постизало виши ниво демократичности,
а култура попримала високе облике цивилизованости. Такође је утврђено да су доприноси
знања из периода античке Грчке имали снажну и непрекидну везу са данашњом науком о
спорту и да су сагласни са новим технологијама у спорту. Филозофи античке Грчке су
заступали становиште да физичке активности и вежбање, само у оптималној мери, могу
бити корисни за здрав начин живота. Сматрали су да здрав разум (bon sens), представља
основни аксиом за развој телесно и духовно здраве личности. Анализирани филозофи и
лекари, који су имали додирних тачака са спортом (N=15), доживели су дубоку старост.
Научни допринос се огледа у остварењу нових сазнања и разумевања улоге и значаја спорта
у развоју културе и друштва античке Грчке.The paper is a contribution to the study of philosophical and technical knowledge of ancient
Greece in the context of the development of sports culture. The research was conditioned by the
analysis of dependent development aspects in scientific or technical and technological disciplines,
problems or achievements which were in correlation with the sport of ancient Greece. In ancient
Greece, sport was an integral part of cultural values. These values are linked to human activism in
which the dynamism of rivalry was inevitable. Essentially, agona discovers the essence of
competing with equal chances, under equal conditions, where the equality of athletes is achieved.
In the uncertainty of activism and antagonism, agona on a stadium provides the opportunity for an
athlete to experience a confrontation with the opponent, but also with themselves, in order to
enable, based on gained experience, heralding of certain changes in the direction of improving
their life. Exceeding the achieved limit signifies the desired change in the athlete, but also the
confirmation of free will. The aim of the paper is to highlight the discovery of relevant factors in
examining scientific and technological cooperation that existed between the key scientific areas in
ancient Greece which also had mutual influence on the field of sports. The paper is characterized
as multidisciplinary research where the following methods were used: historical critical method,
comparative method, qualitative analysis, synthesis, induction, deduction, analogy and taxonomy.
Combination of the listed scientific methods enabled the way to discovering scientific truth in
linking different forms of knowledge from several scientific disciplines which enabled more
comprehensive understanding of the culture of the sports of ancient Greece. The paper represents
a theoretical synthesis of the results of research within which a link was established between
several scientific disciplines and sport in ancient Greece. This indicates that knowledge coming
from philosophy, medicine, theology, mathematics, music, pedagogy, history, art and other
scientific disciplines was in the context of the development of the culture of sports. In essence, the
paper is based on presenting and analysing significant original texts. The research results indicated
that sport played an important role in the lives of the people of ancient Greece. It was recorded
that significant philosophers such as Thales, Pherecydes, Pythagoras, Socrates, Plato, Aristotle and
others were involved in sports, as competitors, teachers of the athletes or observers. Hippocrates
and Galen also formed a strong link to sport through principles important for the health of athletes.
Similar can be stated for Myron, Praxyteles, Phidias and others. Sport was not only physical
exercise in ancient Greece, it was developing as a spiritual and physical activity within the
philosophy of life and understanding of the relationship between man and the world. The paper
determines the existence of mutual permeation of philosophy, technique and sport, which were not
separate activities, instead in their interaction the society achieved a higher level of democracy and
culture acquired high forms of civilization. It was also determined that the contributions of the
knowledge from the period of ancient Greece had strong and continuous link with contemporary
science on sport and that they are in conformity with new technologies in sports. Ancient Greek
philosophers advocated the position that physical activities and exercise, only to the optimum
extent, can be beneficial for a healthy life style. It was considered that common sense (bon sens),
represents basic axiom for the development of physically and spiritually healthy person. The
analysed philosophers and physicians who were in contact with sports (N=15) lived to ripe old
age. Scientific contribution is reflected in the achievement of new cognitions and understanding
of the role and significance of sport in the development of culture and society of ancient Greece
Investigation of the antitumor effect of enones and their salts on human malignant cells in vitro
No full textUvod: Lečenje tumora je udruženo sa problemom ograničene efikasnosti trenutnih terapijskih protokola. Veliki broj istraživanja usmeren je na sintezu jedinjenja sa antitumorskim dejstvom, a značajan broj njih potiče od hemijskih derivata prirodnih supstanci ili njihovih modifikovanih analoga.
Cilj: Glavni cilj ovog istraživanja je in vitro ispitivanje antitumorskog dejstva novosintetisanih enona i njihovih soli.
Metod: Istraživanjem je ispitan antitumorski efekat osam novosintetisanih supstanci - četiri enona i njihovih soli na humanim ćelijskim linijama karcinoma debelog creva i grlića materice, kao i na zdravim ćelijama. Takođe je ispitan efekat ovih supstanci na kontrolnu grupu zdravih ćelija. Metodologija istraživanja obuhvatila je ispitivanje citotoksičnog efekta korišćenjem MTT testa, protočnu citometriju za analizu ćelijskog ciklusa i apoptoze, kao i imunofluorescentne tehnike ispitivanja molekularnih mehanizama koji indukuju ćelijsku smrt.
Rezultati: Novosintetisani enoni i njihove soli ispoljavaju jači citotoksični efekat na ćelijama karcinoma debelog creva i karcinoma grlića materice in vitro u poređenju sa referentnom supstancom - cisplatinom. Ovi rezultati takođe daju važne informacije o selektivnosti ovih lekova prema malignim ćelijama u odnosu na zdrave ćelije, što je od suštinskog značaja za razvoj efikasnijih i bezbednijih terapeutika. Mehanizmi koji stoje u osnovi citotoksičnog dejstva novosintetisanih enona i njihovih soli uključuju indukciju apoptoze i njihov uticaj na zaustavljanje ćelijskog ciklusa.
Zaključak: Novosintetisani enoni i njihove soli pokazuju značajan citotoksični efekat na maligne ćelije in vitro i neznatan citotoksični efekat prema zdravim ćelijama što ukazuje na njihov potencijal za in vivo istraživanja.Introduction: Tumor treatment is associated with with limited efficacy of current therapeutic
protocols. A large number of studies is focused on the synthesis of antitumor compounds
originating from natural substances or their modified analogues.
Objective: The main objective of this research is to investigate the in vitro antitumor activity
of newly synthesized enones and their salts.
Method: The research examined the antitumor effect of eight newly synthesized substances -
four enones and their salts - on human colon and cervical cancer and healthy cell lines. The
effect of these substances on a control group of healthy cells was also examined. The research
methodology included determination of cytotoxic effect of investigated substances using the
MTT assay, flow cytometry for cell cycle and apoptosis analysis, as well as
immunofluorescence techniques for testing molecular mechanisms that.
Results: Newly synthesized enones and their salts exhibit a stronger cytotoxic effect on colon
and cervical cancer cells in vitro compared to referent substance - cisplatin. These results also
provide important information about the selectivity of these drugs towards malignant cells over
healthy cells, which is essential for the development of more effective and safer therapeutics.
The mechanisms underlying the cytotoxic effects of the newly synthesized enones and their
salts include the induction of apoptosis and cell cycle arrest.
Conclusion: The newly synthesized enones and their salts show a significant cytotoxic effect
on malignant cells in vitro and a slight cytotoxic effect on healthy cells, indicating their potential
for in vivo research
ǂThe ǂpoetics of darkness: Janis Joplin, Amy Winehouse, and Beth Hart Поэтика тьмы в популярной культуре: Дженис Джоплин, Эми Уай нхаус и Бет Харт
No full textPredmet istraživanja ove disertacije je poetika tame u životima i stvaralačkom radu tri muzičke
umetnice – Dženis Džoplin, Ejmi Vajnhaus i Bet Hart. Postojeća literatura ispunjena je biografskim i
medijskim prikazima njihovih života. Međutim, oni ne nude detaljne opise ili istrage u vezi sa poetskim
jezikom i/ili tematskim preokupacijama ove tri umetnice. Cilj ove studije je da, istraživanjem stihova i
života, otkrije specifične načine na koje su, kako pojedinačno, tako i zajedno, izražavale borbe sa
bolestima zavisnosti, mentalnim poremećajima i popularnošću. U fokusu istraživanja je uticaj tema
tame na njihove identitete i kulturnu zaostavštinu.
U studiji su obavljene kvalitativna i kvantitivna analiza 83 pesme koje su umetnice samostalno
napisale. Pomoću programskog jezika Pajton (Python), izvršene su tematska i analiza sentimenta, kako
bi se pronašli učestali motivi, intenzitet emocija i određeni lingvistički obrasci. Dokumentarna i
biografska analiza, doprinele su dubljem razumevanju uticaja ličnih iskustava na umetnički izraz.
Istraživanje otkriva da su sve tri umetnice preokupirane temama otuđenosti, egzistencijalnog
preispitivanja i dihotomije između velike ranjivosti i izrazite snage. U stvaralaštvu Dženis Džoplin je
prisutna zaokupljenost temama duhovnosti i ljubavnim odnosima, dok se Ejmi Vajnhaus bavila
kompleksnim stranama ljubavi, zajedno sa bolestima zavisnosti i autodestrukcijom. Za razliku od njih
dve, Bet Hart svojim stihovima izražava otpor, snagu, mogućnost ozdravljenja i oporavka. Ona jeste
dokaz da borba sa tamom i u tami, može postati izvor snage. Analiza sentimenta je otkrila pretežno
negativan sentiment u autorskim stihovima Dženis Džoplin i Ejmi Vajnhaus. U pesmama Bet Hart,
negativni sentiment je vremenom prešao u neutralan i, često, pozitivan.
Sve tri umetnice su se služile muzikom kako bi artikulisale tamu i suočile se sa istom u sebi i
oko sebe. Muzika je postala njihov mehanizam za istraživanje dubljih egzistencijalnih i socijalnih
pojava. Šire implikacije ovog istraživanja doprinose boljem razumevanju terapeutske i emocionalne
uloge muzike pri ispoljavanju ili suočavanju sa psihičkim problemima, naročito u kontekstu rok, bluz i
soul muzike. Rezultati ove studije mogu podstaći dodatna istraživanja muzike kao mehanizma za
odbranu od tame ili suočavanje sa njom, i izražavanje nepoželjnih, skrajnutih emocija i iskustava.This dissertation examines the poetics of darkness in the lives and works of Janis Joplin, Amy
Winehouse, and Beth Hart. Existing literature is rich in biographical and media depictions of their lives.
However, it lacks a comprehensive analysis of their poetic expressions and thematic concerns. The aim
of this study is to discover the shared and unique ways these artists expressed their personal struggles
including mental health, addiction and the pressures of fame through their lyrics. The research focuses
on how the themes of darkness are articulated and how they have impacted the artists’ identities and
their legacy.
The study uses qualitative and quantitative analysis of 83 self-penned songs of the three artists.
In order to assess recurring motfs, emotional intensity and linguistic patterns, the research employs
thematic and sentiment analyses using Python-based tools. Documentary and biographical analysis
contributed to a deeper understanding of how how their personal experiences influence their artistic
expressions.
The findings indicate that themes of alienation, existential questioning, and the contrast between
vulnerability and strength are present in the works of the artists. Joplin is preoccupied with spirituality
and personal relationships, while Winehouse delves into the complexities of love intertwined with
addiction and self-destruction. Contrasting with the two, Hart focuses on resilience, recovery, and self-
expression. She becomes the epitome of the struggle with inner and outer darkness that turns into a
source of empowerment. Sentiment analysis highlights negative sentiment in the lyrics of Joplin and
Winehouse. Hart’s lyrics show a shift from negativity to a more balanced and rather positive sentiment
over time.
Jopin, Winehouse and Hart use their music as a platform to confront and communicate the
darkness inside and outside. Music was their coping mechanism for exploring deeper existential and
social issues. The implications of this research contribute to a broader understanding of the therapeutic
and expressive roles of music in addressing psychological challenges, particularly within the cultural
contexts of rock, blues, and soul genres. These findings invite further exploration into how music
serves as a coping mechanism and a voice for marginalized experiences, offering insights into the
intersection of art, personal struggle, and societal influence
Komparativna morfo-anatomska analiza jednogodišnjih predstavnika sekcije Polygonum (Polygonum s. str., Polygonaceae)
No full textSekcija Polygonum (Polygonum s. str., Polygonaceae) obuhvata oko 45 vrsta biljaka i ima gotovo kosmopolitsko rasprostranjenje. Predstavnike ove sekcije odlikuje relativno nizak, često polegnut habitus, mali i neupadljivi cvetovi postavljeni u pazuhu listova, kao i prisustvo srebrnkastog ili bezbojnog, membranoznog rukavca. Na osnovu pregleda literature i prethodno sprovedenih istraživanja primetno je da je od svih predstavnika sekcije Polygonum u fokusu istraživanja najviše bio agregat P. aviculare, i to pre svega sa aspekta morfologije, mada postoje i relativno brojni anatomski, fitohemijski i kariološki podaci. Preostali taksoni koji pripadaju ovoj sekciji gotovo da nisu bili predmet bilo kakvih istraživanja. Na prostoru Balkanskog poluostrva, Panonske i Vlaške nizije, podaci o istraživanja u okviru sekcije Polygonum su veoma oskudni, pa postoji praznina u poznavanju kako morfo-anatomskih, tako i drugih osobina predstavnika navedene sekcije sa datog područja. Na osnovu navedenih činjenica, definisan je i cilj ovog istraživanja koji je podrazumevao da se putem komparativne morfo-anatomske analize vegetativnih i reproduktivnih organa odabranih predstavnika sekcije Polygonum uz primenu multivarijantnih statističkih metoda doprinese dopuni saznanja o analiziranim taksonima, kao i razjašnjenju njihovog taksonomskog položaja. U tu svrhu izvršena je morfološka analiza brakteja, cveta i ploda, odnosno anatomska analiza liske i stabla koja je obuhvatila sedam predstavnika ove sekcije – P. albanicum, P. arenarium subsp. arenarium, P. arenarium subsp. pulchellum, P. arenastrum, P. aviculare, P. graminifolium i P. patulum. Uzorkovanje biljnog materijala izvršeno je iz 68 prirodnih populacija sa područja koje obuhvata zapad Vlaške nizije, centralni i južni deo Panonske nizije, kao i centralni i zapadni deo Balkanskog poluostrva. Za potrebe morfologije analizirano je ukupno 1129 jedinki i 79 karaktera (71 kvantitativni i 8 kvalitativnih), dok je anatomska analiza liske obuhvatila 492 jedinke i 29 karaktera (22 kvantitativna i 9 kvalitativnih), a stabla 533 jedinke i 18 kvantitativnih karaktera. Svi dobijeni podaci su obrađeni odgovarajućim statističkim metodama što je podrazumevalo sprovođenje deskriptivne statistike, ispitivanje distribucije podataka, zatim testove značajnosti i odgovarajuće post-hoc testove, kao i primenu multivarijantnih analiza (analiza glavnih komponenti, linearna diskriminantna analiza, stablo odlučivanja, korespodentna analiza), a nakon obrade podataka svi rezultati su prikazani tabelarno i grafički. Analiza svih dobijenih rezultata pokazuje da postoji tendencija ka izdvajanju taksona P. albanicum i P. graminifolium u odnosu na preostale ispitivane taksone. Pored navedenog, nakon sprovođenja multivarijantnih analiza primetno je i delimično preklapanje taksona P. arenastrum i P. aviculare, odnosno gotovo potpuno preklapanje taksona P. arenarium subsp. arenarium i P. arenarium subsp. pulchellum. S tim u vezi, a na osnovu dobijenih rezultata predložena je promena statusa taksona P. arenarium subsp. pulchellum iz podvrste u varijetet, i formiranje nove kombinacije P. arenarium var. pulchellum. U sklopu rezultata izvršena je i izrada dihotomih ključeva za analizirane predstavnike sekcije Polygonum, gde su pored morfološkog, po prvi put formirani ključevi koji se zasnivaju isključivo na anatomskim karakterima liske i stabla. Morfo-anatomskom analizom, definisan je i niz novih, taksonomski značajnih kvantitativnih i kvalitativnih karaktera, dok je ujedno izvršena i kritička procena taksonomskog značaja karaktera koji su do sada bili u upotrebi. Većina prethodno navođenih kvalitativnih morfoloških karaktera, sa izuzetkom ornamentacije perikarpa, se prema rezultatima ovog istraživanja pokazala kao veoma nestabilna na nivou taksona, dok su prema istim rezultatima kvalitativni karakteri liske dobri dopunski taksonomski karakteri. Dobijeni rezultati utiču na bolje poznavanje biologije analiziranih taksona i dopunu njihovih dijagnoza novim podacima, što je naročito značajno za taksone koji imaju ograničenu distribuciju, kao što je to slučaj sa P. albanicum i P. graminifolium. Takođe, ovo istraživanje je otvorilo pitanje potrebe za preispitivanjem statusa pojedinih taksona uz upotrebu dodatnih taksonomskih metoda.Section Polygonum (Polygonum s. str., Polygonaceae) contains approximately 45 plant species with a nearly global distribution. The representatives of this section are characterized by a relatively low, often prostrate habit, small and inconspicuous flowers in the axils of the leaves, as well as the presence of silvery or colorless, membranous ochreae. Based on a review of the literature and previously conducted research, it is noticeable that among all representatives of the section Polygonum, the aggregate P. aviculare has been the focus of most research, and although there are relatively numerous anatomical, phytochemical, and karyological data available, the focus of research has been primarily on the morphology of this aggregate. The remaining taxa belonging to this section have hardly been the subject of any research. In the area of the Balkan Peninsula, the Pannonian and Wallachian plains, data on research within the section Polygonum are very scarce, so there is a knowledge gap of both the morpho-anatomical and other characteristics of representatives of the section Polygonum from the given area. Based on the foregoing, this study aimed to conduct a comparative morpho-anatomical analysis of vegetative and reproductive organs of selected representatives of the section Polygonum with the application of multivariate statistical methods. The collected results would add to the current knowledge about the investigated taxa, as well as to the clarification of their taxonomic position. For this purpose, a morphological analysis of the bracts, flowers, and fruits, as well as an anatomical analysis of the leaf blade and the stem, was performed on seven taxa belonging to this section – P. albanicum, P. arenarium subsp. arenarium, P. arenarium subsp. pulchellum, P. arenastrum, P. aviculare, P. graminifolium, and P. patulum. Sampling of plant material was carried out from 68 natural populations from the area that includes the west of the Wallachian Plain, the central and southern part of the Pannonian Plain, as well as the central and western part of the Balkan Peninsula. For morphology analysis, a total of 1129 individuals and 79 characters (71 quantitative and 8 qualitative) were analyzed, while anatomical analysis of the leaf blade included 492 individuals and 29 characters (22 quantitative and 9 qualitative), and anatomical analysis of the stem included 533 individuals and 18 quantitative characters. All obtained data were processed using appropriate statistical methods, which included descriptive statistics, examination of data distribution, significance tests, and appropriate post-hoc tests, and the use of multivariate analyses (principal component analysis, linear discriminant analysis, decision tree, correspondence analysis). The statistical analysis results are displayed in both tabular and graphical formats. The analysis of the acquired results reveals a tendency to separate the taxa P. albanicum and P. graminifolium from the other analyzed species. In addition to the above, the multivariate analysis revealed a partial overlap in the positions of the studied specimens of P. arenastrum and P. aviculare. In addition, the studied specimens of P. arenarium subsp. arenarium and P. arenarium subsp. pulchellum showed practically total overlap. Considering this a change in the status of the taxon P. arenarium subsp. pulchellum from a subspecies to a variety, as well as the formation of a new combination (P. arenarium var. pulchellum), is proposed. As part of the results, dichotomous identification keys were created for the studied Polygonum representatives. In addition to the standard morphological keys, identification keys based only on the anatomical characters of the leaf blade and the stem were created for the first time. Through morpho-anatomical analysis, a number of new taxonomically significant quantitative and qualitative characters were defined. At the same time, a critical examination of the taxonomic importance of previously utilized characteristics was conducted. The majority of previously employed qualitative morphological features, except for pericarp ornamentation, were shown to be exceedingly unstable at the taxon level, resulting in minimal taxonomic importance. On the other hand, the qualitative characteristics of the leaf blade are useful as supplementary taxonomic traits. The findings contribute to a better understanding of the biology of the studied taxa and enrich their diagnoses with new data, which is especially relevant for taxa with limited distribution, such as P. albanicum and P. graminifolium. Furthermore, this study highlighted the importance of reviewing the taxonomic status of specific taxa using various taxonomic approaches.</p
Утицај бренда на перцепцију упадљивости дестинације и њен значај за приврженост и лојалност дестинацији
No full textThe concept of conspicuous consumption in tourism and the perception of destination conspicuousness are underresearched in tourism studies. The aim of this research is to contribute to overcoming this gap in the literature by examining the role that destination brand experience and destination personality, as predictors, play in shaping the perception of destination conspicuousness. One of the main objectives of the dissertation is also to examine destination attachment and loyalty as potential outcomes of the perception of destination conspicuousness. The research also includes an nalysis of the impact of socio-demographic characteristics and the specifics of tourist travel on the formation of their perception of destination conspicuousness, as well as the examination of the impact of destination brand experience on destination personality, relations that have largely been neglected in the existing literature. The study sample consisted of 502 Serbian tourists who visited one of the following coastal destinations – Santorini, Mykonos (Greece), Nice (France), Monaco (Principality of Monaco), Ibiza, and Palma de Mallorca (Spain). For testing the hypothetical model in the research, structural equation modeling (SEM) was applied. The results confirmed all the proposed hypotheses, and the final model revealed direct relationships that were not part of the hypothetical model. Similarly, additional analyses showed differences in the perception of destination conspicuousness based on various socio-demographic ariables and specifics of tourist travel. In conclusion, a detailed explanation of the theoretical and practical implications of the dissertation is provided. Furthermore, the dissertation’s limitations are presented, and suggestions for future research are offered.Концепт упадљиве потрошње у туризму и перцепција упадљивости дестинације су недовољно заступљени у туризмолошким истраживањима. Циљ овог истраживања је да допринесе превазилажењу овог недостатка у литератури, кроз испитивање улоге коју бренд искуство дестинације и личност дестинације, као предиктори, имају у обликовању перцепције упадљивости дестинације. Један од главних циљева дисертације јесте и сагледавање привржености и лојалности дестинацији као потенцијалних исхода перцепције упадљивости дестинације. Истраживање је обухватило и анализу утицаја социо-демографских карактеристика и специфичности путовања туриста на формирање њихове перцепције упадљивости дестинације, као и испитивање утицаја бренд искуства дестинације на личност дестинације, релација које су у великој мери занемарене у постојећој литератури. Истраживање је обухватило узорак од 502 српских туриста који су посетили једну од следећих приморских дестинација – Санторини, Миконос (Грчка), Ница (Француска), Монако (Кнежевина Монако), Ибица и Палма де Мајорка (Шпанија). За тестирање хипотетичког модела у истраживању, примењено је моделовање структуралним једначинама (енгл. Structural Еquation Мodeling, SEM). Резултати су потврдили све постављене хипотезе, а финални модел је указао и на директне везе које нису биле део хипотетичког модела. Слично, додатне анализе су показале разлике у перцепцији упадљивости дестинације на основу различитих социо-демографских варијабли и специфичности путовања туриста. У закључку је представљено детаљно образложење теоријских и практичних импликација дисертације. Уз то, презентована су и ограничења дисертације и дати предлози за будућа истраживања.</p
Funkcionalni proizvodi sa dodatom vrednošću na bazi bundeve
No full textMuscat pumpkin (Cucurbita moschata) was processed into a form suitable for addition to food products through various drying and extraction methods. The resulting functional additives had a high content of bioactive compounds, primarily carotenoids. The extraction optimization was carried out using an Artificial Neural Network model, obtaining optimal conditions for extracting bioactive compounds. The content of total carotenoids and polyphenols in the functional additives, as well as their composition, was determined using HPLC techniques. The application of these additives was tested in several formulations: fine bakery products (cookies, biscuits, and porridge) and different types of beer, with the goal of their functional enrichment. The bioavailability of bioactive compounds was assessed through in vitro digestion and Caco-2 cells analysis. The characterization of extracts and final products showed significantly improved nutritional and antioxidant profiles, while sensory evaluation confirmed the high acceptability of these products. The results of the study confirm the potential of pumpkin as a functional additive in the food industry, enabling the development of innovative products with positive health effects.Muskatna bundeva (Cucurbita moschata) je različitim postupcima sušenja i ekstrakcija pretvorena u oblik pogodan za dodavanje u prehrambene proizvode. Tako dobijeni funkcionalni dodaci imali su visok sadržaj bioaktivnih jedinjenja, pre svega karotenoida. Optimizacija ekstrakcije sprovedena je primenom modela veštačke neuronske mreže, čime su postignuti optimalni uslovi za izdvajanje bioaktivnih jedinjenja. U funkcionalnim dodacima određen je sadržaj ukupnih karotenoida i polifenola, kao i njihov sastav primenom HPLC tehnike. Primena ovih dodataka ispitana je u više formulacija: finim pekarskim proizvodima (keks, biskvit i kaša) i različitim tipovima piva, sa ciljem njihovog funkcionalnog obogaćivanja. Procena biodostupnosti bioaktivnih jedinjenja sprovedena je in vitro digestijom i analizom na Caco-2 ćelijama. Karakterizacija ekstrakata i gotovih proizvoda pokazala je značajno poboljšan nutritivni i antioksidativni profil, dok je senzorska ocena potvrdila visoku prihvatljivost ovih proizvoda. Rezultati istraživanja potvrđuju potencijal bundeve kao funkcionalnog dodatka u prehrambenoj industriji, omogućavajući razvoj inovativnih proizvoda sa pozitivnim zdravstvenim efektima.</p