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Quantifying behavior-based gender discrimination on collaborative platforms
Full text linkDigital collaborative platforms have become crucial venues of career advancement and individual success in many creative fields, from engineering to the arts. Gender discrimination related to behavioral choices of users is a key component to gendered disadvantage on platforms. Such platforms carried the promise of opening avenues of advancement to previously discriminated groups, such as women, as platforms lack managerial gatekeepers with conventional prejudice. We analyzed the extent of behavior-based gender discrimination on two digital platforms, GitHub and Behance, focused on software development and fine arts and design. We found that the main cause of women's disadvantage in attention, success, and survival is largely due to the gender typicality of their behavior that varies between 60-90% of the total disadvantage of women. Men and women are penalized if they follow highly female-like behavior, while categorical gender is no longer significant. As platforms employ algorithmic tools and AI systems to manage users' activity and visibility, and recommend new projects to collaborate, stereotypes associated with behavior can have long-lasting consequences
The soft power cost of COVID-19 in OECD countries : a lose–lose outcome for China and the United States
Full text linkOne way in which many scholars of public opinion have operationalized a country’s soft power abroad is to measure how favorably that country is viewed by people in foreign countries. While earlier research has demonstrated the mechanisms and factors correlated with how foreigners perceive a country, much less is known about how sudden and unexpected global events may impact how favorably citizens of different countries view another country. Analyzing recent Pew Global Attitudes Survey data, we assess how the COVID-19 pandemic changed public opinions of China and the United States—with Russia as a reference—in 12 OECD countries. Our analysis reveals that COVID-19 led to a decline in favorability toward both the US and China—the ‘soft power cost’ of COVID-19. While the cost is larger for China than for the US in most countries, we observe exceptions in Germany, Italy, and South Korea. We also explore the heterogeneity of the soft power cost by respondents’ individual attributes and other attitudes such as how COVID-19 impacted their lives
Development of updated population norms for the SF-36 for Hungary and comparison with 1997–1998 norms
Full text linkBackground
Hungarian SF-36 population norm data were last collected in 1997–1998 and have not been updated since, reducing their relevance and limiting their usability and comparability. This study aimed to establish contemporary normative data for the SF-36 domain and standardised summary scores in Hungary and compare them to the previous population norms.
Methods
An online cross-sectional survey, including the SF-36v1, was conducted among 1,700 members of the Hungarian adult general population in 2020. The sample demonstrated good representativeness across key sociodemographic characteristics. Normative data were calculated for domains using raw scores and for summary scores using country-specific factor score coefficients derived from exploratory factor analysis. Multivariate linear regression models were performed to examine the association of domain and summary scores with sociodemographic and health-related characteristics. Raw domain scores were compared with the 1997–1998 norms.
Results
Males reported higher scores (better health) in seven out of eight domains (p < 0.001). Mean standardised PCS scores decreased, whereas MCS scores increased with age (p < 0.001). Compared to the 1997–1998 population norms, the 18–24 and 25–34 age groups reported lower, while the 65+ age group reported higher scores in all eight domains. Higher scores were reported in 2020 from the 35–44 age group onward on the role physical, bodily pain, social functioning, and role emotional domains.
Conclusions
This study established contemporary population norms for the SF-36 in Hungary. Our results highlight the changes in health status in the general population, particularly in young adults, compared to the 1997–1998 population norms, and provide valuable input to inform decision-makers
Szervezet, ember, technológia. Esettanulmány kötet dr. Drótos György tiszteletére
Full text linkEz a könyv tisztelgés Dr. Drótos György kollégánk 60. születésnapja előtt, aki életpályájával inspirálta ennek az összeállításnak tartalmát és létrejöttét. A könyv egy különleges válogatás a profitorientált és közcélú szervezetek működéséről, az általuk használt technológiákról és a szervezeti tagok szerepéről. Az esettanulmányokat és esszéket a gazdasági felsőoktatásban tanuló hallgatók számára állítottuk össze a szervezeti, emberi és technológiai kérdések és azok kölcsönhatásának megértéséhez,elemzéséhez. A szerzők a gyakorlati tapasztalataikat tudományos igényességgel ötvözve mutatják be a valós életből vett példákat. Bízunk benne, hogy az olvasók számára nemcsak tanulságos, de gondolatébresztő olvasmány is lesz
Empowering Future Leaders : Integrating CSR and Sustainability in Higher Education Through Community Engagement
Full text linkThis paper introduces a process that aims to empower students as responsible global citizens by incorporating Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) and sustainability into education through community-engaged learning. Established through a collaboration between a university lecturer and the Corvinus Science Shop, a university center for community engagement, this initiative evolved from nine semesters of BA-level experience with multiple community partners to an MA-level course that now also includes corporate support. This partnership enriches students’ ability to CSR project that can be implemented by the community partner, fostering skill development and encouraging positive attitudinal shifts toward complex societal issues. The course’s alignment with the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) and continuous feedback loops ensure lasting impact and relevance to global sustainability
Electric vehicle adoption in Generation Z: Drivers of Hungarian higher education students' attitude
Full text linkThe transition to electric vehicles has become an urgent priority due to their lower environmental impact. The automotive industry has already developed solutions for zero-emission vehicles to significantly reduce greenhouse gas emissions. However, this transition heavily depends on the evolution of consumer demand. This paper focuses on Generation Z, as they will soon become a determining consumer segment in the automotive market. Our research aims to analyze Generation Z’s attitude toward electric vehicles. Their attitude provides valuable insights for industry leaders regarding future consumer behavior. We analyzed the relationship between selected adoption factors (environmental concern, perceived risk, ease of use, and enjoyment) and Generation Z’s attitude toward electric vehicles (measured by perceived relative advantage). Our research is based on data from Hungarian Generation Z respondents, and our findings conclude that environmental concern is less relevant than enjoyment and ease of use, which are the most impactful factors
Gastronomy as a special interest tourism product in Budapest
Full text linkPurpose
The aim of this study is to examine the role of gastronomy as a form of special interest tourism in cities. This includes analysing the relative importance of gastronomy compared to other activities and identifying the gastronomic preferences of tourists.
Design/methodology/approach
The research is based on questionnaire data collected from 537 tourists in Budapest, Hungary, over a period of four weeks in 2022.
Findings
The findings reveal that gastronomy-related experiences are becoming even more interesting for
tourists than cultural attractions. They show a preference for traditional or typical foods from the city or country
that they are visiting but tend to prefer casual dining experiences and street food. Fast food is ranked as highly as fine dining. Satisfaction levels are generally high, but it is difficult to compare the quality of food-related
experiences with other cities without further research. Tourists show an above-average willingness to pay more
for food made from local ingredients, which they see as a unique experience.
Originality/value
The data provide new insights into the motivations, activities and preferences of urban tourists in relation to gastronomy. The research can help city agencies to promote traditional gastronomy further and to encourage consumption in restaurants that use local ingredients. Some attention needs to be paid to affordability, but the social implications could be very positive for food and drink producers and suppliers, as well as restaurateurs
Varieties of Corruption? A Typology of Country-Level Corruption Patterns Using Fuzzy-Set Ideal Type Analysis
Full text linkBroadly applied unidimensional corruption indices fail to grasp important qualitative differences between various manifestations of corruption, creating substantive obstacles in corruption research. Against this background, the present article develops a typology of country-level corruption patterns comprising four Weberian ideal types (ITs) and assigns countries to ITs based on the fuzzy-set ideal type analysis (FSITA) method. The typology focuses on formal and informal institutions that influence emerging corruption patterns rather than tangible properties of corruption. The four ITs are Limited misconduct in developed countries , Partial state capture , Autocratic patrimonialism , and Dispersed and unconstrained corruption . The analysis, comprising a total of 83 countries globally, offers novel insights into corruption patterns and their underlying mechanisms, demonstrates the applicability of the FSITA method in the context of corruption research, and offers policy pointers in the field of anti-corruption
AI-enhanced competency transfer hubs : a conceptual framework for university-industry engagement and knowledge sharing
No full textThis paper introduces a framework for AI-driven competency transfer hubs, designed to facilitate effective knowledge exchange and collaboration between universities and industries. These hubs leverage artificial intelligence technologies like machine learning and natural language processing to enhance the efficiency and effectiveness of information flows between academic institutions and industry partners, optimizing the whole knowledge-sharing process. Using the TCM-ADO framework the paper consolidates existing perspectives and offers practical suggestions on how to incorporate AI technologies into competency hubs. The discussion further delves into outlining key layers of such hubs including AI-powered knowledge extraction and enrichment, knowledge customization, adaptive project management as well as collaboration outcome enhancement and feedback optimization. A set of key elements for AI-enhanced competency transfer hubs was also developed and presented including the issues of technical alignment, advanced AI integration as well as value aspects. The study wraps up by exploring key areas of application in the establishment of AI-enhanced competency transfer hubs and their wider societal significance
The Sum Score Model : Specifying and Testing Equally Weighted Composites Using Structural Equation Modeling
No full textIn principle, structural equation modeling (SEM) is capable of emulating all approaches based on the general linear model. Yet, modeling sum scores in a structural equation model is not straightforward. Existing approaches to studying sum scores in a structural equation model are limited in terms either of model specification or of model assessment. This paper introduces a specification to SEM that allows for directly modeling sum scores and that overcomes existing approaches’ limitations in dealing with sum scores in the SEM context. The sum score model we present builds on the recently proposed refined Henseler–Ogasawara (H–O) specification of composites. It allows us to estimate models with sum scores in an integrative way. It can mimic the results of existing approaches and provides a means of assessing whether a sum score fully transmits the effects of or on the variables that make up the sum score. In addition, it allows for taking into account random measurement error in the variables that form the sum score. Consequently, this model specification offers researchers an improved way of judging and defending the use of sum scores empirically and conceptually