International Journal of Developmental and Educational Psychology (Revista INFAD de Psicología)
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(Des) igualdades de género: um mergulho proverbial
Get PDFDespite the evolution in the rights and place of women in today’s society, there are still no examples of expressions in popular language that contradict the collection of proverbs. Language is a fundamental vehicle in the transmission of society’s ideas and values. In this paper we intend to analyze the issues of gender (un)equality perpetuated in proverbial language. By collecting proverbs referring to the roles of men and women, we will see those that reaffirm rules of social coexistence, those which confer a sovereign role on men or women, and those which place both in a position of equality. A categorical analysis was carried out to verify the privileged roles. The importance attributed to women in the education and preservation of cultural values associated with the care of children and the family in general is unquestionable, but more circumscribed to the home. The man, although also considered responsible for the education of children and transmission of wisdom, is located in another context - the public space - reason for the proverb “man in the square, woman at home”. However, the bravery of the man is sometimes reinforced by the woman’s capacity for action, as the saying “behind a great man there is always a great woman” concludes. It is important to foster the deconstruction of gender identity markers based on patriarchalculture, promoting awareness of the disadvantages of reproducing stereotypical attitudes and behaviors. It isconcluded that deep-rooted cultural beliefsabout gender roles give rise to stereotypes containing reductive views, underlying processes of justification and excuses for male-dominated behaviors. Apesar da evolução nos direitos e lugar das mulheres na sociedade atual, não se encontram ainda exemplos de expressões na linguagem popular que contrariem a recolha de provérbios. A linguagem é um veículo fundamental na transmissão de ideias e valores da sociedade. Neste trabalho pretende-se analisar as questões de (des)igualdade de género perpetuadas na linguagem proverbial. A partir da recolha de provérbios referentes aos papéis de homens e mulheres, veremos os que reafirmam regras de convivência social, os que conferem papel de soberania ao homem ou à mulher e os que colocam ambos em posição de igualdade. Foi feita uma análise categórica para verificar os papéis privilegiados. A importância atribuída às mulheres na educação e na preservação de valores culturais associados ao cuidado dos filhos e da família em geral é inquestionável, mas mais circunscrita ao lar. O homem, embora também considerado responsável pela educação dos filhos e transmissão de sabedoria, situa-se noutro contexto - o espaço público – razão do provérbio “homem na praça, mulher em casa”. Porém, a valentia do homem é por vezes reforçada pela capacidade de atuação da mulher, como encerra o provérbio “por trás de um grande homem está sempre uma grande mulher”. Importa fomentar a desconstrução dos marcadores de identidade de género assentes na cultura patriarcal, promovendo a consciencialização das desvantagens de reproduzir atitudes e comportamentos estereotipados. Conclui-se que crenças culturais enraizadas, acerca dos papéis de género, dão azo a estereótipos encerrando visões redutoras, subjacentes a processos de justificação e desculpabilização dos comportamentos de dominação masculina
Imagem corporal, autoestima e adesao à atividade física: um estudo com jovens em período Covid-19
No full textBody image and self-esteem are dimensions of health that have been studied in association. In the search for better satisfaction with body image and a better sense of self, physical activity (PA) is one of the health-promoting behaviours sought by many young people. The period of confinement imposed by the pandemic COVID-19 led to the change of several routines, including the practice of physical activity, namely with the closure of schools, gyms and sports clubs. Changes in weight and emotional health were mentioned by a large part of the population. This study aimed to relate body image satisfaction, self-esteem and adherence to physical activity in a pandemic context, as well as to investigate the factors influencing these three dependent variables. A cross-sectional quantitative study was conducted, with an online questionnaire, using Google Forms, applied to young people from Portugal (mainland and islands). The sample was of the snowball type and was composed of 630 individuals aged between 15 and 25 years (mean=20.04±2.36), being 475 females and 155 males). Girls proved to be less satisfied than boys in most of the body image items, with significant differences in quite a few. For self-esteem the girls’ mean value (28.96) was lower than the boys’ (29.21) without this difference having statistical significance. In the adherence to the PA the girls also revealed a lower mean value (1.91) than the boys (2.39), being this difference statistically significant (p<.0001). The factors that most contributed to the level of adherence to PA were the management of free time, health issues and the existence of conditions near the residence. The sample revealed good levels of satisfaction with body image, average self-esteem and average level of adherence to PA. These three variables are positively and significantly correlated with each other and are also influenced by individual and contextual factors.A imagem corporal e a autoestima são dimensões da saúde que têm sido estudadas em associação. Na procura de melhor satisfação com a imagem do corpo e de um melhor sentimento de si, a prática de atividade física (PAF) é um dos comportamentos promotor de saúde e procurado por muitos/as jovens. O período de confinamento imposto pela pandemia COVID-19 levou à alteração de várias rotinas, incluindo na prática de atividade física, nomeadamente com o encerramento de escolas, ginásios e clubes desportivos. Alterações de peso e de saúde emocional foram sendo mencionadas por grande parte da população. Este trabalho pretendeu relacionar a satisfação com a imagem corporal, a autoestima e a adesão à atividade física em contexto pandémico, bem como averiguar os fatores com influência nestas três variáveis dependentes. Realizou-se um estudo transversal de metodologia quantitativa, tendo sido aplicado um questionário on-line, através do Google Forms, a jovens de Portugal (continental e ilhas). A amostra foi do tipo bola de neve e ficou constituída por 630 indivíduos com idades compreendidas entre os 15 e os 25 anos (média=20,04±2,36), sendo 475 do sexo feminino e 155 do sexo masculino). As raparigas revelaram-se menos satisfeitas do que os rapazes na maioria dos itens da imagem corporal, com diferenças significativas em bastantes. Para a autoestima o valor médio das meninas (28,96) foi inferior aos dos rapazes (29,21) sem que essa diferença tivesse significado estatístico. Na adesão à PAF as raparigas também revelaram um valor médio mais baixo (1,91) que o dos rapazes (2,39) sendo essa diferença estatisticamente significativa (p<.0001). Os fatores que mais contribuíram para o nível de adesão à PAF foram a gestão do tempo livre, questões de saúde e existência de condições na proximidade da residência. A amostra revelou bons níveis de satisfação com a imagem corporal, autoestima média e nível médio de adesão à PAF. Estas três variáveis estão correlacionadas positiva e significativamente entre si e também são influenciadas por fatores individuais e contextuais. 
"Revisión sobre la "Salud mental y nuevas tecnologías": análisis de las redes sociales y los videojuegos en las primeras etapas de desarrollo como factores modulares de una salud mental positiva"
Get PDFThe new technologies nowadays have become a part of our daily life, from the first stages of the evolutive development. Their incidence does not only adjust the way we relate with others, how we behave or in which we invest our free time in this post-pandemic period. The naturalizing of the digital era has propitiated that mostly the social media and the videogames over all affects directly on the mental health of all the usuaries. But socio-demographic groups are particularly vulnerable to the impact of their use, namely children and young people. Simply because they are developing beings and do not have the full potential of their psychosocial resources. Hence, because of its frequency of use and its impact at the level of evolutionary development we can select two subtypes that generate more concern from those first contacts: social networks, with all their risks of use, and video games that reach more and more children and that can lead to traumatic consequences in the form of addiction in the most serious cases. Another important element to note is the asymmetry of formation by age. Not all adults have the development of satisfactory digital competence. Social networks imply an optimal knowledge of their operation, and therefore “at a parental level” it is vital to know which social networks are most used by minors, because depending on each exposure and use of platforms will face different risks. We note that the variability is extreme, and that they are not used in the same way, so the child or young person has to adopt very different roles depending on what social environment it develops, even though the networks of friends are the same. In the case of video games, the repercussions are not only at the social or emotional level, but go beyond creating a “disorder of their own” in cases where the times or situations associated with their use are not properly managed. It is important above all the supervision of parents or adult managers, as well as the knowledge of the type of video game used in each educational stage. In addition, it is necessary to evaluate the characteristics of certain types of game that usually use a reward system more frequent than others. Hence, the training of adults in this sector is an essential recommendation to remain “balanced references” of the new generations. An adult cannot share, monitor, contain, enjoy, something he does not know and does not handle. That is the challenge of the 21st century in this society for current families facing the digital needs of their children.Las nuevas tecnologías se han convertido en una parte más de nuestro día a día desde las primeras etapas de desarrollo evolutivo; su incidencia no sólo modula el cómo nos relacionamos, sino que trasciende a cómo nos comportamos o a qué dedicamos nuestro tiempo libre en este periodo de postpandemia. La naturalización de la llamada era digital ha propiciado que tanto redes sociales como videojuegos, sobretodo, repercutan directamente en la salud mental de todos los usuarios. Pero hay grupos sociodemográficos que son especialmente vulnerables a las repercusiones de su uso, esto es, los niños y jóvenes. Sencillamente porque son seres en desarrollo y no cuentan con toda la potencialidad de sus recursos psicosociales. De ahí, que por su frecuencia de utilización y su impacto a nivel de desarrollo evolutivo podemos seleccionar dos subtipos que generan más preocupación desde esos primeros contactos: las redes sociales, con todos sus riesgos de utilización, y los videojuegos que llegan cada vez a más público infantil y que pueden comportar unas consecuencias traumáticas en forma de adicción en los casos más graves. Otro elemento importante para reseñar es la asimetría de formación por edad. No todos los adultos cuentan con el desarrollo de una competencia digital satisfactoria. Las redes sociales implican un óptimo conocimiento de su funcionamiento, y por ello “a nivel parental” es vital conocer cuáles son las redes sociales más utilizadas por los menores, porque dependiendo de cada exposición y uso de plataformas se enfrentarán a unos riesgos diferentes. Observamos que la variabilidad es extrema, y que no se utilizan de igual manera, con lo que el niño o el joven tiene que adoptar roles muy distintos en función de en qué medio social se desarrolle, incluso aunque las redes de amigos sean las mismas. En el caso de los videojuegos, las repercusiones no solo se dan a nivel social o anímico, sino que va más allá creando un “trastorno propio” en los casos de que no se gestionen adecuadamente los tiempos o las situaciones asociadas a su utilización. Es importante sobre todo la supervisión de los padres o responsables adultos, así como el conocimiento del tipo de videojuego utilizado en cada etapa educativa. Además, hay que valorar las características de ciertos tipos de juego que suelen emplear un sistema de recompensa más frecuente que otros. De ahí, que la formación de los adultos en este sector sea una recomendación imprescindible para seguir siendo “referentes equilibrados” de las nuevas generaciones. Un adulto no puede compartir, monitorear, contener, disfrutar, algo que no conoce y no maneja. Ese es el reto del s.XXI en esta sociedad para las familias actuales frente a las necesidades digitales de sus hijos/as.
Programa de capacitación parental sobre salud mental y videojuegos para educación primaria & secundaria "un mundo más allá de las pantallas"
Get PDFDigital technologies remain one of the unfinished businesses for much of today’s parents despite the efforts of the European Commission and UNESCO. It is important to take into account that it is a real challenge not only because of a natural gap associated with generational changes, but because many parents do not know how to deal with the possible problems that their children may encounter in a hybrid world, not face-to-face, virtual in nature, with artificial intelligence... Hence the justification for generating initial parental training, through the conduct of an awareness-raising workshop. This communication will review the four training sessions “Beyond the screens”, carried out by telematics to a group of 20 parents from schools emerging from primary and secondary education. During the implementation of the proposal, the importance of knowing in depth the different elements and characteristics that form the social networks used by minors has been highlighted, especially because through the knowledge of adults will be able to cope with the risks existing in the virtual universe. At the beginning of the first session a specific questionnaire established the initial knowledge that participants had in general about new technologies and about those tools or games that their children used. Taking their results as a reference, the level of depth to be addressed in each of the sessions was modulated. Another central issue that most worried parents was the use of video games, in this case it was especially valued the characteristics and theme of each game as well as the most recommended times of use to perform parental supervision and accompaniment. It is especially these two subtypes of technology because they are the most frequent and the most at risk of generating their own psychopathological disorders due to alterations in their use. Mental health is particularly important, since the misuse of these tools can cause a whole series of psychopathological problems in children and young people that it is opportune to know, study and learn to control as healthy behavior, as digital competence must be integrated into the technological realities of our society today.Las tecnologías digitales siguen siendo una de las asignaturas pendientes en gran parte de los padres de las actuales generaciones pese a los esfuerzos de la Comisión Europea y la UNESCO. Es importante tener en cuenta que resulta un auténtico desafío no solo por un desfase natural asociado a los cambios generacionales, sino por el hecho de que muchos padres no saben cómo afrontar los posibles problemas que pueden encontrarse sus hijos en un mundo híbrido, no presencial, de naturaleza virtual, con inteligencia artificial,… de ahí la justificación para generar una formación parental inicial, a través de la realización de un taller de sensibilización por una MIR residente en Psiquiatría. En esta comunicación se va a revisar las cuatro sesiones de capacitación “Un mundo más allá de las pantallas”, realizadas por vía telemática a un grupo de 20 padres correspondientes a centros emeritenses de Educación Primaria y Secundaria. Durante la implementación de la propuesta se ha puesto en valor la importancia de conocer en profundidad los distintos elementos y características que conforman las redes sociales utilizadas por los menores, especialmente porque a través del “conocimiento” de los adultos se podrá hacer frente a los riesgos existentes en el universo virtual. Al inicio de la primera sesión se estableció mediante un cuestionario específico los conocimientos iniciales que los participantes poseían en general sobre las nuevas tecnologías y sobre aquellas herramientas o juegos que utilizaban sus hijos/as. Tomando sus resultados como referencia se moduló el nivel de profundidad que debía de tratarse en cada una de las sesiones. Otro de los temas centrales que más preocupaba a los padres era la utilización de los videojuegos, en este caso se valoró especialmente las características y temática de cada juego así como los tiempos de uso más recomendables para realizar el acompañamiento y supervisión parental. Es, especialmente, estos dos subtipos de tecnología porque son las más frecuentes, las que conllevan más riesgo de generar trastornos psicopatológicos propios por alteraciones en su utilización. La salud mental cobra una especial importancia en esta etapa evolutiva, puesto que, el mal uso de estas herramientas puede provocar toda una serie de problemas psicopatológicos en los niños y jóvenes que es oportuno conocer, estudiar y aprender a controlar como conducta saludable, ya que la competencia digital debe integrarse en las realidades tecnológicas de nuestra sociedad actual. 
A prevençao quaternária, metáforas e provérbios populares
No full textThe avalanche of health care has followed a paradoxical growth, difficult to explain in the face of the generalized cultural improvement of societies in developed countries that, after all, look like a bunch of fugitives terrified by everything and nothing! The relationship with the body seems to be mediated by fear and only calms down with so-called “normal” results, otherwise the doors of over diagnosis, over medicalization, overtreatment, over screenings, over information are wide open, then we have the diagnostic cascades that begin and never again you know where they end up, accompanied by countless curative / preventive therapies, not giving the body the opportunity, per se, to find its balance again! Evidence-based medicine and the person-centered clinical method are part of quaternary prevention, which aims to establish new margins and new directions more suited to different personal moments contextualized with the environment, goals, economy that evolve in a permanent adaptive sense towards Homeostasis. Some popular proverbs support what is now unsustainable: they legitimize the medical practice based on irrational fear, compulsion and obsession that in the end promote billions of profits to the big pharmaceutical companies! Others, however, help and promote health globally. As long as there is health, the saints are away. Going to bed early and rising early gives health and makes you grow. Prevention is better than cure. Cared for health, preserved life. Who has iron health, can one day rust. Whoever has health and freedom is rich and does not know it. Cared for health, preserved life. Time heals everything except old age and madness. Fear old age because it never comes alone” These aphorisms, social representations of health and disease, can be used in health education and promotion, even in a new public health.A avalanche de cuidados de saúde tem seguido um crescendo paradoxal, dificilmente explicável perante a melhoria cultural generalizada das sociedades dos países desenvolvidos que afinal, mais parecem um bando de fugitivos aterrorizados por tudo e por nada ! A relação com o corpo parece ser mediada pelo medo e só acalma com resultados ditos “normais” pois em caso contrário abrem-se largamente as portas de overdiagnosis, overmedicalization, overtreatment, overscreenings, overinformation, aí temos as cascatas diagnósticas que começam e nunca mais se sabe onde acabam, acompanhando-se de inúmeras terapêuticas curativas / preventivas, não dando oportunidades ao corpo, per si, de voltar a encontrar o seu equilíbrio! A medicina baseada na evidência e o método clinico centrado na pessoa integram a prevenção quaternária, que visa estabelecer novas margens e novos rumos mais adequados aos diferentes momentos pessoais contextualizados com o ambiente, metas, economia que evoluem num sentido adaptativo permanente para a Homeostase. Alguns provérbios populares sustentam o que hoje já é insustentável: a legitimam a prática médica baseada no medo irracional, na compulsão e obsessão que no final promovem biliões de lucros ás grandes companhias farmacêuticas! Outros porém, ajudam e promovem globalmente a saúde. Enquanto há saúde quedos estão os santos. Deitar cedo e cedo erguer dá saúde e faz crescer. É melhor prevenir do que remediar. Saúde cuidada, vida conservada. Quem tem saúde de ferro, pode um dia enferrujar. Quem tem saúde e liberdade, é rico e não o sabe. Saúde cuidada, vida conservada. O tempo tudo cura menos velhice e loucura. Teme a velhice porque nunca vem só” Estes aforismos, representações sociais da saúde e da doença, podem ser usados na educação e promoção da saúde, ver mesmo numa nova saúde pública
Planificación y desarrollo en la evaluación comparativa de títulos formativos
Get PDFEducational quality is an international challenge that, in the case of Higher Education, constitutes one of the most relevant aspects in the design of training degrees in order to develop good professionals. There are models that can serve as a reference for the improvement of others, being a powerful tool the comparative evaluation between them. This is the approach that emanates from the ERASMUS+ Project “Evaluation of teacher training in Latin America and the Caribbean. Guarantee of the quality of education qualifications (ECALFOR)”. However, it is not common to find experiences in which the process is made known. Thus, the planning and development of the tasks that will be carried out in the procedure followed is presented, making use of a collaborative work methodology and whose main resource was information and communication technologies. 19 European, Latin American and Caribbean institutions participated. Among the activities, various coordination meetings were held, in which each partner compiled the pertinent documentation on teacher training qualifications to teach in compulsory education, an ad hoc evaluation instrument was created, another was adapted from one created by the “Agency for the Quality of the System of the University System of Galicia (ACSUG)”, the information was analyzed and the corresponding reports were drawn up. As a result of the experience, it can be said that a working model is offered to follow, as well as instruments to be used in evaluations of training qualifications for compulsory education teachers. This allows other researchers or managers of Higher Education to facilitate field work in working groups with other similar purposes.La calidad educativa es un reto internacional que, en el caso de la Educación Superior, constituye uno de los aspectos más relevantes en el diseño de los títulos formativos para conseguir desarrollar buenos profesionales. Existen modelos que pueden servir de referente para la mejora de otros, siendo una herramienta potente la evaluación comparativa entre ellos. Este es el planteamiento que emana desde el Proyecto ERASMUS+ “Evaluación de la formación del profesorado en América Latina y Caribe. Garantía de la calidad de los títulos de educación (ECALFOR)”. Sin embargo, no es común encontrar experiencias en las que se haga conocer el proceso. Así, se presenta la planificación y desarrollo de las tareas que se desempeñaron en el procedimiento seguido, haciendo uso de una metodología de trabajo colaborativo y cuyo recurso principal fueron las tecnologías de la información y la comunicación. Participaron 19instituciones europeas, latinoamericanas y del Caribe. Entre las actividades, se realizaron diversas reuniones de coordinación, en las que cada socio recopiló la documentación pertinente sobre los títulos de formación del profesorado para impartir docencia en la educación obligatoria, se creó un instrumento de evaluación ad hoc, se adaptó otro a partir de uno creado por la “Agencia para la Calidad del Sistema del Sistema Universitario de Galicia (ACSUG)”, se analizó la información y se redactaron los informes correspondientes. Como resultado de la experiencia, se puede decir que se ofrece un modelo de trabajo para seguir, así como instrumentos para ser utilizados en evaluaciones de títulos formativos del profesorado de educación obligatoria. Esto permite facilitar a otros investigadores o gestores de la Educación Superior, la labor de campo en otros grupos de trabajo con similar finalidad
Indicadores bibliométricos de la actividad física como beneficio saludable en mayores
Get PDFSince the middle of the last century, we have been observing significant demographic changes, with a progressive tendency towards the aging of the population, survival is a present aspect of the time in which we live and of a new social composition. Therefore, a systematic review was carried out with the aim of analyzing the benefits of physical activity on the elderly and their quality of life. A scientific search was carried out in the Web of Science, including only publicationsfrom thelast fiveyears with the highest impact index. A tenfold increasein the number ofarticles and reviews was analyzed to finally include fifteen articles. The results made it clear that physical activity in older people provides numerous physical and psychological health benefits. It was also demonstrated that active older people show a decrease in depressive symptoms and improve self-sufficiency, i.e., a healthier life.Ya desde mediados del siglo pasado observamos cambios demográficos significativos, con propensión progresiva en cuanto al envejecimiento de la población, la supervivencia se trata de un aspecto presente del tiempo en el que vivimos y de una nueva composición social. Por ello se lleva a cabo una revisión sistemática con el objetivo de analizar los beneficios que tiene la actividad física sobre los mayores y su calidad de vida. Se realizó una búsqueda científica en la Web of Science comprendiendo sólo publicaciones del último lustro con mayor índice de impacto. Se analizaron una cantidad de artículos y revisiones diez veces mayor para incluir por último en quince artículos. Los resultados dejaron claro que la actividad física en personas mayores auxilia numerosos beneficios físicos y psicológicos para la salud. También se demostró que las personas mayores activas presentan una bajada de las sintomatologías depresivas y mejoran la autosuficiencia es decir una vida más saludable
Construcción de una batería para la evaluación de la salud sexual de los/as niños/as y adolescentes*
Get PDFSexual health in children and adolescents is a priority because of its important impact on their overall health. However, there is no strong consensus on the indicators that determine good or bad sexual health, especially when we are talking about a particularly vulnerable population given the multiple physical, psychological and social changes they face in a short period of time. In the present study we present the process of construction of a battery of instruments for the evaluation of the sexual health of children and adolescents. After conducting a comprehensive assessment process, guided by multiple experts in the field, it has been concluded that both knowledge and attitudes (e.g. sexism) and sexual skills (e.g. sexual assertiveness) are a leading indicator. Likewise, sexual risk behaviors (e.g. sexual sensation seeking, sex addiction, cybersex or sexting behaviors), are also considered important variables. The availability of a battery of validated instruments in this population group that includes all relevant aspects for the assessment of their sexual health will not only allow us to learn more about it, but also to test whether the affective-sexual education they receive is adequate and sufficient to ensure a healthy sexual development.La salud sexual en la infancia y en la adolescencia constituye una prioridad dado el importante impacto que esta ejerce en su salud global. Sin embargo, no existe un fuerte consenso sobre los indicadores que determinan el poseer una buena o una mala salud sexual, y más cuando hablamos de una población de especial vulnerabilidad dados los múltiples cambios físicos, psicológicos y sociales a los que se enfrentan en poco tiempo. En el presente estudio exponemos el proceso de construcción de una batería de instrumentos para la evaluación de la salud sexual de los niños, niñas y adolescentes. Tras la realización de un completo proceso de valoración, guiado por múltiples expertos en el área, se ha concluido que tanto los conocimientos como las actitudes (p.ej. sexismo) y habilidades sexuales (p.ej. asertividad sexual) son un indicador principal. Asimismo, los comportamientos sexuales de riesgo (p. ej. búsqueda de sensaciones sexuales, adicción al sexo, al cibersexo o conductas de sexting), también se consideran variables importantes. Disponer de una batería de instrumentos validados en este grupo poblacional que recoja todos los aspectos relevantes para la valoración de su salud sexual va a permitir, no solo conocer más sobre la misma, sino también probar si la educación afectivo-sexual que reciben es adecuada y suficiente para asegurar un desarrollo sexual saludable. 
Co-creación de la innovación en la educación superior - el caso portugués
Get PDFDemola model aims to apply a methodology of co-creation processes, based on cooperation systems, having as objective applying science, technology and innovation policies in personal, educational and business contexts. Considering that the co-creation method is based on a joint initiative, in which providers and beneficiaries create value together, it is intended to demonstrate the impact this methodology brings to educational quality, namely its application to the Portuguese polytechnic higher education system. From the insights and ideas that emerged from the content analysis, this description is enriched and an integrated definition of co-creation of value is developed. Firstly, a theoretical contextualization of the definition of co-creation and its processes is proposed, giving emphasis to the model developed by Demola Global. Then, the impacts of its application on students, teachers and organizations, evaluated through surveys carried out after a first batch of co-creation projects, are presented and discussed. With this study, it is meant to identify the main changes that co-creation confers when applied in the learning context and which significant developments result from its use.El modelo Demola pretende aplicar una metodología de procesos de co-creación, basada en sistemas de cooperación, teniendo como objetivo aplicar políticas de ciencia, tecnología e innovación en contextos personales, educativos y empresariales. Teniendo en cuenta que el método de cocreación se basa en una iniciativa conjunta, en la que proveedores y beneficiarios crean valor juntos, se pretende demostrar el impacto que esta metodología trae a la calidad educativa, es decir, su aplicación al sistema de educación superior politécnica portugués. A partir de los insights e ideas que surgieron del análisis de contenido, se enriquece esta descripción y se desarrolla una definición integrada de co-creación de valor. En primer lugar, se propone una contextualización teórica de la definición de co-creación y sus procesos, haciendo hincapié en el modelo desarrollado por Demola Global. Luego, se presentan y discuten los impactos de su aplicación en estudiantes, docentes y organizaciones, evaluados a través de encuestas realizadas a lo largo de una primera fase de los proyectos de co-creación. Con este estudio se pretende identificar los principales cambios que confiere la co-creación cuando se aplica en el contexto de aprendizaje y qué desarrollos significativos resultan de su uso.
Perceção da discriminação e saúde mental de jovens e adultos LGBTQI+E não LGBTQI+
Get PDFLGBTQI+ individuals describe experiences of discrimination that impact mental health. The aim of this study was to know the perception of discrimination experience and mental health of LGBTQI+ youth and adults compared to non-LGBTQI+ youth and adults. We conducted a cross-sectional study and followed a quantitative methodology. The sample consisted of 122 participants, 60 (49.2%) female, 34 (27.9%) male, 2 people identified as transgender and 1 non-binary (2.4%), aged 18-69 years (M=32.4, SD=11.0). The sample consists of two groups: the first group consisting of 60 non-LGBTQI+ participants and the second group consisting of 62 LGBTQI+ participants. Instruments were used to assess the experience of discrimination, psychopathological symptoms, namely anxiety and depression, and also a measure to assess internal shame. The results obtained in this study revealed differences in psychological well-being. However, only in the satisfaction with life trajectory item were the differences statistically significant. Regarding the experience of discrimination, there were differences associated with financial condition, the perception of the negative image of the LGBTQI+ group by the media, and also the knowledge of people who had experienced discrimination. Os indivíduos LGBTQI+ descrevem experiências de discriminação que têm impacto ao nível da saúde mental. O objetivo deste estudo foi conhecer a perceção da experiência de discriminação e da saúde mental de jovens e adultos LGBTQI+ comparativamente com os não LGBTQI+. Realizou-se um estudo transversal e seguiu-se a metodologia quantitativa. A amostra foi constituída por 122 participantes, 60 (49.2%) do género feminino, 34 (27.9%) do género masculino, 2 pessoas identificadas como transgénero e 1 não binária (2.4%), com idades compreendidas entre os 18 e os 69 anos (M=32.4, DP=11.0). A amostra foi composta por dois grupos: o primeiro grupo formado por 60 participantes não LGBTQI+ e o segundo grupo por 62 participantes LGBTQI+. Foram utilizados instrumentos para avaliar a experiência de discriminação, os sintomas psicopatológicos, nomeadamente a ansiedade e depressão e ainda uma medida para avaliar a vergonha interna. Os resultados obtidos neste estudo revelaram diferenças ao nível do bem-estar psicológico. Contudo, apenas no item de satisfação com a trajetória de vida as diferenças foram estatisticamente significativas. Ao nível da experiência de discriminação verificaramse diferenças associadas à condição financeira, à perceção da imagem negativa do grupo LGBTQI+ por parte da comunicação social e, ainda, ao conhecimento de pessoas que vivenciaram experiências de discriminação