Journal of Advanced Laboratory Research in Biology
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Sugar Mill Effluent Induced Histological Changes in Gill of Channa punctatus
Get PDFPollution is an undesirable change in surrounding environment which affects human life in many ways. We tried to control these factors to improve our living quality. However, many times, the pollution is due to such reasons which cannot be avoidable like daily need product preparation plants. Sugar is a part of our life now. Sugar mills produce large quantities of undesirable byproducts which pollute our surroundings. Finally, these pollutants go to water bodies and pose effect on aquatic organisms. Keeping these points in view, the effect of sugar mill effluent is observed on gill histology of freshwater fish Channa punctatus
Prevalence of Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) among Staphylococcus aureus collection at Sebha medical center
Get PDFThe prevalence of multidrug-resistant Staphylococcus aureus has increased during the last few years in healthcare facilities, and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus (MRSA) in particular has emerged as a serious nosocomial pathogen because it is difficult to destroy and treat. Therefore, this study was carried on to find out the frequency of MRSA among S. aureus isolates as well as to study their susceptibility profile. In this study, 43 strains of S. aureus were recovered from different departments at Sebha medical center and their antibiotic resistance profile was studied using Kirby Bauer disc diffusion method. Out of all 43 isolates, 16% were detected as MRSA using cefoxitin disk test. The strains that are resistant to erythromycin were further tested for inducible clindamycin resistance (ICR) using D-test. In this study, two strains showed ICR phenotype. While all isolates were 100% sensitive to vancomycin, the majority of isolates were resistant to ß-lactam group antibiotics. We observed that 14% of all isolates were resistant to ß-lactamase inhibitor. The response of S. aureus isolates to other antibiotics e.g. quinolone, aminoglycosides, tetracycline and macrolides was variable. In our study, it seemed to be vancomycin is the only antibiotic that still keeping its potency and it can be used for treatment of infections caused by multidrug-resistant MRSA
Report of a new species of Myrmeleono stenus Uchida, 1936 from India (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae)
Get PDFThe genus Myrmeleono stenus was described by Uchida in 1936 with Myrmeleono babai as its type species. A new species of the genus Myrmeleono indicus is described in the present contribution with its distinguishing characters
Description of Copulatory complex of Eotrechus kalidasa Kirkaldy, 1902 (Hemiptera: Heteroptera, Gerridae)
Get PDFThe genus Eotrechus Kirk, 1903 belonging to the subfamily Eotrechinae Anderson, 1975 is represented by a single species Eotrechus kalidasa Kirk, 1902 in India. The description of species by Kirk, 1903, Distant, 1903, Paiva, 1919 and Lundblad, 1933 has not taken into account the structure of copulatory complex, a feature of great taxonomic significance. The present contribution provides the description of copulatory complex of Eotrechus kalidasa for the first time
Two new species of Hedycryptus Cameron, 1903 from India (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae)
Get PDFGenus Hedycryptus was established by Cameron in 1903 for the species, H. filicornis Cameron. Two new species of the genus viz., H. noidensis sp.nov. and H. baijali sp.nov. are recorded from India and described
Studies on External Morphology of the Indian Water Boatmen, Micronecta striata, Fieb. (Corixidae, Hemiptera: Heteroptera)
Get PDFThe order Hemiptera is divided into two suborders, the Heteroptera and Homoptera. The water boatmen Micronecta striata (Fieb.), 1808 belongs to the suborder Heteroptera which is characterized by base of rostrum usually not touching anterior coxae, gular region usually well developed, long pronotum large, forewings usually thickened basally and membranous apically, hind wings membranous, both pairs folded flat over the back with apices overlapping, tarsi normally three-segmented
Heavy metal and antibiotic resistance of Acinetobacter spp. isolated from diesel fuel polluted soil
Get PDFHeavy metals pollution of soil and wastewater is a global problem that threatens the environment as they are not degraded or removed and the potential threat to human health comes from the multiple resistances to heavy metals and antibiotics among bacterial populations. The present study was aimed to isolate and identify multiple metal/antibiotic resistant Acinetobacter spp. from diesel fuel polluted soil of Al-Dora, Baghdad, Iraq. Initially, a total of 24 bacterial cultures (coded KNZ–1 to KNZ–24) were isolated and identified up to genus level as Acinetobacter by morphological, physiological and biochemical characteristics. Screening of heavy metals resistant Acinetobacter were conducted by streaking the isolates on nutrient agar plates supplemented with different concentrations: 10, 25, 50 and 100mg/L of the three heavy metals; Hg2+, Cd2+ and Pb2+. Out of 24 isolates, 6 (25%) isolates (KNZ–3, KNZ–5, KNZ–8, KNZ–12, KNZ–16 and KNZ–21) were selected as a multiple heavy metal resistant (MHMR) Acinetobacter with maximum tolerable concentrations (MTCs); 100–200mg/L for Hg2+, 300-600mg/L for Cd2+ and 100–300mg/L for Pb2+. Antibiotic resistance pattern of the selected MHMR isolates was determined by Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion method against 12 different antibiotics belonging to 7 classes. Out of 6 isolates, 4 isolates were multidrug resistance (MDR) with varying degrees. Among them isolate, KNZ–16 showed a wide range of resistance to all tested antibiotics except Levofloxacin and Imipenem. It was concluded that dual resistant Acinetobacter is useful in the bioremediation of environments polluted with heavy metals especially the biodegradation of organic pollutants
Sugar Mill Effluent Induced Histological Changes in Kidney of Channa punctatus
Get PDFSugar is everyday need of every human being. Sugar is produced from sugar mills situated in various parts of our country. Sugar mills produced a large amount of sugar with many types of byproducts which finally went into water sources (mainly rivers) as effluents. This effluent contains high amount of toxic elements with wide range of chemicals. This will definitely affect life of aquatic organisms like fishes in rivers. The present study is designed to carefully observe the histological changes produced by toxic substances present in Chatta sugar mill effluent in kidney of Channa punctatus
Increased level of miRNA 30b-3p in patients with prostatic hyperplasia and testosterone with high-level of prostate-specific antigen
Get PDFBackground: Prostate cancer (PCa) is the most common causing cancer-related in death in men and lack of reliable diagnostic tool. MicroRNAs are small molecules single-stranded RNA that affecting protein expression at the level of translation and dysregulation can dramatically affect cell metabolism. However, the using of circulating miRNAs as diagnostic biomarkers for diagnosis of PCa is still unknown.
Methods: Ten patients with prostatic hyperplasia with high-level of PSA and 10 healthy controls were conducted in this study. The reverse transcription of miRNA based on quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) were used for evaluating the dysregulation of miRNA 30b-3p and using of ELISA to evaluate the level of prostate-specific antigen (PSA) and testosterone hormone.
Results: Circulating miRNA 30b-3p level was increased in patients with prostatic hyperplasia with higher level of PSA as compared with healthy controls. Also, the testosterone hormone was increased in those patients as compared with normal level of testosterone in healthy individuals.
Conclusion: The serum miRNA 30b-3p level increased in patients with hyperplasia in prostate and may be one of potential biomarker for diagnosis of PCa
Toxicity Studies in Three Indian Major Carps under Stress of Malathion
Get PDFMalathion is the important pesticide used in Indian conditions. This pesticide in turn through rain wash goes to water ecosystem and affects aquatic fauna especially fishes. Indian carps are major source of food in most of the population. It is necessary to study the toxicity standards and bioassay in Indian major carps under stress of malathion