International Journal of Innovation
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Does Agroindustry matter? An analytical framework of innovation and internationalization process
Get PDFThe aim of this work is to develop an analytical framework that explores the relationship between knowledge flows, technological mastery, innovative results & green innovations, organizational growth, internationalization patterns and maturity´s segmentation for Brazilian agroindustry. Much progress has been made in the theoretical understanding of technological mastery´s process, its sources, its results and its indirect implications. However, some of these works focus on manufacturing industries. In addition, some researches ignore that the development of innovative activities could occur in agroindustry. Moreover, agroindustry is generally encapsulated as commodities and low-tech, characterized by a limited opportunity for interaction of technological flows, creation of innovative activities and positive externalities for economic development. However, advances in agroindustry have increasingly been a result of science-based efforts. Therefore, this work launches a theoretical and analytical basis for examining the innovation and internationalization in agroindustry for the Brazilian context
Investigating the Key Factors Influencing the Use of Online Social Networks in Public Sector Context in the UAE
Get PDFDuring the past decade, usage of online social network sites has grown dramatically rivaling search engines as the most visited Internet site. The intensive literature review reveals the existing of several studies that have been done on the field of Online Social Network (OSN), but there is a lack of research that deals with usage in the context of public sector organizations. This study aims to employ structural equation modeling via AMOS to analyze 401 valid questionnaires for assessing a model which is proposed based on Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT) to identify the factors affecting the use of OSN among employees of a public sector organization in the UAE. The proposed model examines the influence of four factors; performance, effort, social influence, and facilitating conditions on the actual use of OSN. Results indicated that all these factors (as independent variables) significantly predicted the actual usage of OSN with various percentages. Our work improved the insights on the online social networking usage in the context of public sector organizations.
Financing Innovation in Brazil: the role of the Brazilian Development Bank
Get PDFThis paper presents the role of the National Development Bank (BNDES), the main public development agency in Brazil, in financing technological innovation. The scarcity of financing for innovation has always been considered as a limiters to Brazilian technological development. And, given the characteristics of the innovative process, public funding plays a central role. Therefore, understanding the evolution of the role of the BNDES - one of the largest development banks in the world - in stimulating innovation is essential. Firstly, it presents a historical description of the Bank's activities, followed by a brief description of the measures to support innovation in Brazil over the last two decades. In the third section we discuss the evolution of BNDES as a financing agent for technological development, including the instruments offered by the institution and their reformulations over time. In the fourth section, the profile of innovation expenditures carried out by BNDES, according to their origin (instruments used) and destination (sectors and profile of companies supported), is evaluated. Finally, the fifth section presents the final considerations.The differential of this article is to detail, for the first time, the participation of this relevant Brazilian institution in financing innovation. The analysis has an institutional approach: it does not present an impact analysis, but it allows the reader to understand the changes in the instruments and in the priorities that the institution has assumed in the last decades. This analysis is essential to understand the logic and evolution of the country's largest development institution.
Open Innovation in Brazil: Exploring Opportunities and Challenges
Get PDFWhile open innovation has been increasingly adopted in developed countries, firms from emerging markets such as Brazil markedly fall behind this trend. Our understanding of the reasons behind this phenomenon remains nevertheless limited, since most research focuses on the industrialized world. In this paper, we aim to inspire the academic community to investigate the issue of why companies from emerging economies such as Brazil have limited open innovation strategies, when they need to draw on external partners as to overcome the institutional, resource and capability constraints they are subject to. We build on the argument that latecomer firms in emerging economies need to actively use open innovation more than ever, as to overcome internal rigidities and spur the innovative resources and capabilities required for the digital transformation and for addressing grand societal challenges. In reviewing current research on openness and especially in the Brazilian setting, we contend that it is a relevant empirical context to study, giving the potential to uncover unique mechanisms and theoretical relations by asking (and possibly answering) novel research questions. Building on a conceptual framework that links various implementation levels of open innovation, we identify themes that are either less well researched or contested and thereby suggest challenges and opportunities for future research
O PAPEL DOS RANKINGS URBANOS NA CONSTRUÇÃO DA PERCEPÇÃO SOBRE A INOVAÇÃO NAS CIDADES INTELIGENTES
Get PDFIt is perceived in contemporary times the use of innumerable different rankings each with its different criteria and goals, varying according to the applied methodology, country, time, audience and other requirements, however every ranking seeks to validate something in relation to similar objects or themes. Thus, it is sought to understand the function of the rankings in what concerns to the perception about the construction of the concept of smart cities, positioning them as innovators, at the same time that they anchor them strategically in smart management. It is a qualitative study with bibliographical research on: smart cities, urban rankings, innovation and strategic urban management. It is a study of multiple cases of cities that occupy the first positions in the rankings on smart cities. The methodology uses the articulation between theory and empirical observation of three urban rankings in 2018: the CSC, the EIU and the CIMI. It is noted that the use of urban rankings are used strategically by municipal management, transforming, projecting and ambitioning that the city be perceived as an smart city.Percebe-se na contemporaneidade a utilização de inúmeros rankings diferentes cada qual com seus critérios e metas distintos, variando conforme a metodologia aplicada, país, época, audiência e demais requisitos, porém todo ranking busca validar algo em relação a objetos ou temáticas similares. Assim, busca-se compreender a função dos rankings no que tange à percepção sobre a construção do conceito de cidades inteligentes, posicionando-as como inovadoras, ao mesmo tempo em que as ancoram estrategicamente em gestão inteligente. É um estudo de natureza qualitativa com pesquisa bibliográfica sobre: cidades inteligentes, rankings urbanos, inovação e gestão urbana estratégica. Trata-se de um estudo de múltiplas casos de cidades que ocupam as primeiras posições nos rankings sobre cidades inteligentes. A metodologia utiliza a articulação entre teoria e observação empírica de três rankings urbanos em 2018: o CSC, o EIU e o CIMI. Nota-se que o uso dos rankings urbanos são utilizados de forma estratégica pela gestão municipal, transformando, projetando e ambicionando que a cidade seja percebida como uma cidade inteligente
Ecossistemas de inovação das universidades federais brasileiras: um mapeamento dos núcleos de inovação tecnológica, incubadoras de empresas de base tecnológica e parques tecnológicos
Get PDFTechnological innovation as an engine for development requires a structural apparatus to its consolidation, reinforcing the approach of innovation systems, with emphasis on the role of universities. Therefore, considering that associated with this potential are present several innovative elements, such as the Technological Innovation Centers (NITs), the incubators of technology-based companies (IEBTs) and Technology Parks (ParqTecs), and given the lack of systematization National these instruments, the ultimate goal of this study was to analyze the environment for innovation in Brazilian federal universities, through the mapping of NITs, the IEBTs and ParqTecs associated with these institutions, further outlining the relationship of these instruments with technological variables (technological scholarships and patents). We used a qualitative and quantitative approach, descriptive nature, with collection of secondary data on institutional sites of universities and the adoption of simple linear regression analysis. The results realized all 63 Brazilian federal universities and revealed that the most widespread instrument between universities are the NITs, since its presence in 86% of the analyzed institutions. Have business incubators, idealized to strengthen interaction in innovation systems, are associated with 68% of universities, enabling regional development contexts. In relation to technology parks, it was found that, depending on the expenditure required for its implementation, only 26 universities are integrated into ParqTecs. The contributions of this study are concentrated in addition to the mapping done in highlighting the distinctions between the Brazilian regions in terms of scientific and technological structure and the importance of innovation ecosystems.A inovação tecnológica enquanto motor do desenvolvimento requer um aparato estrutural para a sua consolidação, reforçando a abordagem dos sistemas de inovação, com destaque para a atuação das universidades. Portanto, considerando que associados a esse potencial estão presentes diversos elementos de inovação, como os Núcleos de Inovação Tecnológica (NITs), as Incubadoras de Empresas de Base Tecnológica (IEBTs) e os Parques Tecnológicos (ParqTecs), e dada a carência de uma sistematização nacional desses instrumentos, o objetivo final deste artigo foi analisar o ambiente de inovação das universidades federais brasileiras, por meio do mapeamento dos NITs, das IEBTs e dos ParqTecs associados a essas instituições, delineando ainda a relação destes instrumentos com variáveis tecnológicas (bolsas tecnológicas e patentes). Utilizou-se uma abordagem quali-quantitativa, de cunho descritivo, com levantamento de dados secundários nos sites institucionais das universidades e a adoção da análise de Regressão Linear Simples. Os resultados compreenderam todas as 63 universidades federais brasileiras e revelaram que o instrumento mais difundido entre as universidades são os NITs, visto sua presença em 86% das instituições analisadas. Já as incubadoras de empresas, idealizadas para fortalecer a interação nos sistemas de inovação, estão associadas a 68% das universidades, viabilizando os contextos regionais do desenvolvimento. Em relação aos parques tecnológicos, verificou-se que, em função dos dispêndios necessários para a sua implantação, apenas 26 universidades estão integradas a ParqTecs. As contribuições deste estudo se concentram, além do mapeamento realizado, em evidenciar as distinções entre as regiões brasileiras em termos de estrutura científico-tecnológica e a importância dos ecossistemas de inovação
Estudo sobre os componentes do modelo de negócios: uma pesquisa bibliométrica de 2009 a 2014
Get PDFThis article aims to identify the main aspects discussed by scholars regarding business model components. The methodology used was a bibliometric study, based on the Law of Zipf, whose keywords form “Business model” and “components”. Data were collected from the Capes scientific journals database from 2009 to 2014 and from the Web of Science database. The extracted articles underwent descriptive analysis and the data extracted from the Web of Science were processed through Bibexcel Software, in which it was possible to generate a citation matrix that was managed by the Ucinet64 software, generating a list of authors by importance according to the number of citations and their respective relations of co-citations. The results allowed to identify the main research streams about business model components addressed by the scholars, highlighting value proposition, clients, infrastructure, resources, revenue model and costs.Este artigo tem por objetivo identificar os principais aspectos discutidos pelos estudiosos sobre os componentes de modelo de negócio. A metodologia utilizada foi um estudo bibliométrico, baseado na Lei de Zipf, cujas palavras chave forma “Business model” e “components”. Os dados foram coletados na base de dados dos periódicos científicos da Capes, no período de 2009 a 2014 e aqueles constantes na base Web of Science. Os artigos extraídos passaram por análise descritiva e os dados retirados da Web of Science foram tratados por meio do Software Bibexcel, no qual foi possível gerar uma matriz de citações que foi processada pelo software Ucinet64. O software gerou uma lista de autores por importância, segundo o número de citações e suas respectivas relações de cocitações. A pesquisa permitiu identificar as principais correntes acerca dos componentes de negócio abordados pelos estudiosos, destacando-se proposta de valor, clientes, infraestrutura, recursos, modelo de receita e custos
Influência da colaboração interorganizacional na implementação de inovações
Get PDFCollaboration for innovation is addressed in several texts, but few bring empirical evidence of the influence of collaboration on innovation. Thus, the aim of this research is to identify and analyze the degree of the influence of collaboration on the implementation of innovations in Brazilian industries. The theoretical basis used consisted of texts that approach with innovation in a more consistent way and that specifically address collaboration for innovation. For data collection, a structured questionnaire applied to the Brazilian extractive and processing industries was used. This resulted a sample of 254 valid questionnaires. The questionnaire measured the innovation (5 variables), the sources of collaboration (9 variables) and the motives for collaborating (9 variables). The analyzes were based on the Exploratory Factor Analysis for the Motives and Sources constructs and the Multiple Linear Regression Analysis to verify the influence of Motives and Sources on Innovation. The results indicate that collaboration with subsidiaries or group companies, suppliers, customers and competitors has a significant and higher impact in relation to the five types of innovation evaluated. In the cases of radical and incremental innovation in process and Organizational Innovation, besides the sources already mentioned, one of the motives factors (access to resources) was also significant, indicating their influence on the implementation of innovations. As a theoretical contribution, this study seeks empirical evidence on the impact of collaboration on innovation, which is still in its infancy. As a practical contribution, it provides subsidies for companies and for the definition of public policies.A colaboração para inovação é abordada em diversos textos, mas poucos trazem evidências empíricas da influência da colaboração sobre a inovação. Assim, objetivo desta pesquisa consiste identificar e analisar o grau a influência da colaboração sobre a implementação de inovações nas indústrias brasileiras. A base teórica utilizada consistiu em textos que tratam da inovação de forma mais consistente e, especificamente, que abordam a colaboração para inovação. Para coleta de dados utilizou-se de um questionário estruturado aplicado às indústrias extrativistas e de transformação brasileiras, contando com uma amostra de 254 questionários válidos. O questionário mensurou a inovação (5 variáveis), as fontes de colaboração (9 variáveis) e os motivos para colaborar (9 variáveis). As análises foram pautadas na Análise Fatorial Exploratória, para os construtos Motivos e Fontes, e na Análise de Regressão Linear Múltipla, para verificar a influência de Motivos e Fontes sobre a Inovação. Os resultados indicam que a colaboração com filiais ou empresas do grupo, fornecedores, clientes e concorrentes apresentam impacto significativo, e mais elevado, em relação aos cinco tipos de inovação avaliados. Nos casos da inovação radical e incremental em processo e da inovação organizacional, além das fontes já mencionadas, também um dos fatores relativos aos motivos (acesso à recursos) foi significante, indicando influencia destes também sobre a implementação de inovações. Como contribuição teórica, esta pesquisa busca evidências empíricas sobre o impacto da colaboração sobre a inovação, algo ainda incipiente. Como contribuição prática, fornece subsídios para as empresas e para definição de políticas públicas
Entrepreneurial Mindset and Performance of Small and Medium Scale Enterprises in Makurdi Metropolis, Benue State-Nigeria
Get PDFMany studies indicates that entrepreneurial mindset is a critical factor in the accumulation, evaluation and selection of the knowledge which can lead an individual into potential business opportunities thereby enhancing entrepreneurial outcomes such as firm performance. This study examined the effect of entrepreneurial mindset on the performance of small and medium scale enterprises in Benue State. The focus of the research was to measure the entrepreneurs’ mindset exhibited through innovativeness, creativity, business alertness and risk taking and how these attributes contributed to the performance of SMEs. The research focused on a population of 650 small and medium scale enterprises based in Makurdi metropolis. A questionnaire was used to collect data from a sample of 250 SMEs in Makurdi metropolis which were selected through stratified random sampling method. Collected data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics with the aid of Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS). Correlation and multiple regression analysis were employed to analyse the data and test the hypotheses. The study revealed that innovativeness, creativity, business alertness and risk taking were significant in affecting performance of SMEs. The study concluded that entrepreneurial mindset or lack of it has a major effect on SMEs performance and if any economy is bended towards development and growth, it would have to embrace this concept. It recommended that all the policy makers and all stake holders should re-strategize and create forums that can promote entrepreneurial mindset among the existing and potential entrepreneurs
Process Innovation: a surfing manufacturer case study
Get PDFCompanies tend to adopt formal methods of product innovation, reinventing business processes to improve their speed and efficiency. Although the economic impact of process innovations is as relevant as the introduction of new products or services, this subject is often neglected in the general innovation literature. Aiming to contribute to scientific discussions, this study provides empirical evidence of process innovation by small businesses and its implications from the recent innovation theory perspectives (Un & Asakawa, 2015; Suárez-Barraza, 2013, O'Reilly & Tushman, 2004; Harmon, 2015). Classified as qualitative and exploratory research, it was conducted as a study method at a Brazilian company that manufactures surfing equipment. The main results demonstrate that incremental and architectural innovations co-occur. Furthermore, because they are effectively implemented, they require business process changes. The findings show that an integrated and adequate combination of the different types of innovation tends to contribute to the improvement of business results