International Journal of Innovation
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Os impactos da cultura organizacional na transferência de conhecimento em empresas de IED no Vietnã
Get PDFObjective of the study: Knowledge transferring through Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) enterprises is a strategic policy for the economic development of many countries. However, in the case of Vietnam, the effectiveness of knowledge transfer in FDI enterprises is not clear, especially with the impact of cultural distance between foreign investors and local employees. The main goal of this study is to explore the impact of organizational culture on knowledge transferring in FDI enterprises in Vietnam.Methodology/approach: Based on the original model of Parissa (2003), a research model has been proposed, in which the organizational cultural factors include cultural background, language ability, perceived cultural distance, learning style, and cultural openness. Quantitative research conducted through surveys with 109 respondents, who are working in FDI businesses in Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam.Originality/Relevance: This research focuses on the direct impact of cultural factors on knowledge transfer at individual level between foreign managers and local employees in Vietnam.Main results: Analytical results showed that three factors had a significant impact on the effectiveness of knowledge transfer, including Cultural openness, Language ability of foreign managers, and Communication distance. Theoretical/methodological contributions: The study helps to test the measurement scales and contributes an empirical study in this field.Social/management contributions: From these results, some managerial suggestions were made to support knowledge transferring between foreign managers and Vietnamese employees.Objetivo del estudio: La transferencia de conocimientos a través de empresas de Inversión Extranjera Directa (IED) es una política estratégica para el desarrollo económico de muchos países. Sin embargo, en el caso de Vietnam, la eficacia de la transferencia de conocimientos en las empresas de IED no está clara, especialmente con el impacto de la distancia cultural entre los inversores extranjeros y los empleados locales. El objetivo principal de este estudio es explorar el impacto de la cultura organizacional en la transferencia de conocimiento en empresas de IED en Vietnam.Metodología / enfoque: Basado en el modelo original de Parissa (2003), se ha propuesto un modelo de investigación, en el que los factores culturales organizacionales incluyen antecedentes culturales, habilidad lingüística, distancia cultural percibida, estilo de aprendizaje y apertura cultural. Investigación cuantitativa realizada a través de encuestas con 109 encuestados, que trabajan en negocios de IED en Ciudad Ho Chi Minh, Vietnam.Originalidad / Relevancia: esta investigación se centra en el impacto directo de los factores culturales en la transferencia de conocimiento a nivel individual entre gerentes extranjeros y empleados locales en Vietnam.Principales resultados: Los resultados analíticos mostraron que tres factores tuvieron un impacto significativo en la efectividad de la transferencia de conocimiento, incluyendo la apertura cultural, la capacidad lingüística de los administradores extranjeros y la distancia de comunicación.Contribuciones teóricas / metodológicas: El estudio ayuda a probar las escalas de medición y aporta un estudio empírico en este campo.Contribuciones sociales / gerenciales: A partir de estos resultados, se hicieron algunas sugerencias gerenciales para apoyar la transferencia de conocimiento entre gerentes extranjeros y empleados vietnamitas.Objetivo do estudo: A transferência de conhecimento por meio de empresas de Investimento Estrangeiro Direto (IED) é uma política estratégica para o desenvolvimento econômico de muitos países. No entanto, no caso do Vietnã, a eficácia da transferência de conhecimento em empresas de IED não é clara, especialmente com o impacto da distância cultural entre investidores estrangeiros e funcionários locais. O objetivo principal deste estudo é explorar o impacto da cultura organizacional na transferência de conhecimento em empresas de IED no Vietnã.Metodologia / abordagem: Com base no modelo original de Parissa (2003), um modelo de pesquisa foi proposto, no qual os fatores culturais organizacionais incluem background cultural, habilidade linguística, distância cultural percebida, estilo de aprendizagem e abertura cultural. Pesquisa quantitativa realizada por meio de pesquisas com 109 entrevistados, que estão trabalhando em negócios de IDE na cidade de Ho Chi Minh, no Vietnã.Originalidade / Relevância: Esta pesquisa enfoca o impacto direto de fatores culturais na transferência de conhecimento em nível individual entre gerentes estrangeiros e funcionários locais no Vietnã.Principais resultados: Os resultados analíticos mostraram que três fatores tiveram um impacto significativo na eficácia da transferência de conhecimento, incluindo a abertura cultural, a capacidade linguística de gestores estrangeiros e a distância de comunicação.Contribuições teórico-metodológicas: O estudo ajuda a testar as escalas de medição e contribui para um estudo empírico nesta área.Contribuições sociais / gerenciais: A partir desses resultados, algumas sugestões gerenciais foram feitas para apoiar a transferência de conhecimento entre gerentes estrangeiros e funcionários vietnamitas
E-government adoption: a systematic review in the context of developing nations
Get PDFObjective of the Study: This paper reviews the studies of e-government adoption in developing nations to come up with the factors that influence e-government adoption.Methodology/Approach: Secondary data was collected from the findings of other researches. Systematically, two reputable databases; Scopus and IEEE Explore were searched to retrieve studies of e-government adoption in developing nations.Originality/Relevance: Adoption has a key role in the successful implementation of e-government initiatives in the context of developing nations. However, minimal research has been carried out to explore determinant factors of e-government services adoption among developing nations’ citizens.Main Results: The theories and models applied in previous researches were identified. Moreover, the frequency of factors investigated in these studies was identified. The results showed that there are many studies investigated trust as an important factor of e-government adoption in developing nations, while there are other critical challenges such as security and awareness got less attention.Theoretical/Methodological Contribution: This study results may open for future research based on the gap in theories applied and the factors investigated in the context of developing nations
O dilema da economia compartilhada: a resposta das empresas estabelecidas à ascensão da economia compartilhada
Get PDFObjective of the Study: This paper explores whether and to what degree incumbent firms innovate in response to competition from the sharing economy.Methodology/Approach: Data on incumbents’ actions related to the sharing economy between 2011 and 2015 was collected from multiple resources. Two conceptual frameworks, the OECD Oslo Manual and Pisano’s Innovation Landscape Map, were jointly used to determine whether incumbents’ actions could be considered as innovation and their level of innovativeness.Originality/Relevance: As the sharing economy has grown rapidly in the last decade, offering new ways to create value, so has the discourse about its disruptive capacity. Yet, not enough is known about the sharing economy’s impact on incumbent firms beyond the disruptive capacity narrative.Main Results: The study identified 187 actions related to the sharing economy that were taken by 134 incumbent firms between 2011 and 2015. Less than half of these actions are considered innovative, and the majority among them are at the lowest end of the innovation continuum.Theoretical/Methodological Contribution: This study contributes to the literature on the sharing economy by developing a synthesized innovation-based framework to evaluate incumbent firms’ response to sharing economy entrants.Social/management contributions: The results of this study and the methodology it uses provide benchmarking opportunities for incumbents in similar circumstances, and also puts into question the disruptive narrative around the sharing economy.Objetivo del estudio: En este documento se explora si las empresas establecidas innovan en respuesta a la competencia de la economía solidaria, y en qué medida lo hacen.Metodología/enfoque: Los datos sobre las acciones de las empresas establecidas relacionadas con la economía solidaria entre 2011 y 2015 se recopilaron a partir de múltiples recursos. Se utilizaron conjuntamente dos marcos conceptuales, el Manual de Oslo de la OCDE y el Mapa del panorama de la innovación de Pisano, para determinar si las acciones de las empresas establecidas podían considerarse como innovación y su nivel de innovación.Originalidad/relevancia: Así como la economía solidaria ha crecido rápidamente en la última década, ofreciendo nuevas formas de crear valor, también lo ha hecho el discurso sobre su capacidad de disrupción. Sin embargo, no se sabe lo suficiente sobre el impacto de la economía solidaria en las empresas establecidas más allá de la narrativa de la capacidad disruptiva.Resultados principales: En el estudio se identificaron 187 acciones relacionadas con la economía solidaria que fueron adoptadas entre 2011 y 2015 por 134 empresas establecidas. Menos de la mitad de esas acciones se consideran innovadoras, y la mayoría de ellas se encuentran en el extremo inferior del espectro de la innovación.Contribución teórica/metodológica: Este estudio contribuye a la literatura sobre la economía solidaria mediante la elaboración de un marco sintetizado basado en la innovación para evaluar la respuesta de las empresas establecidas a los nuevos participantes en la economía solidaria.Contribuciones sociales/de gestión: Los resultados de este estudio y la metodología que utiliza proporcionan oportunidades de evaluación comparativa para las empresas establecidas que se encuentran en circunstancias similares, y también pone en tela de juicio la narrativa disruptiva en torno a la economía solidaria.Objetivo do estudo: este artigo explora se e até que ponto as empresas estabelecidas inovam em resposta à competição causada pela economia compartilhada.Metodologia/Abordagem: os dados sobre as ações das empresas relacionadas com a economia compartilhada entre 2011 e 2015 foram coletados de várias fontes. Duas estruturas conceituais, o Manual de Oslo elaborado pela OCDE e o Mapa do cenário de inovação de Pisano, foram usadas em conjunto para determinar se as ações das empresas estabelecidas poderiam ser consideradas como uma forma de inovação e o seu nível de inovação.Originalidade/Relevância: assim como a economia compartilhada cresceu rapidamente na última década, oferecendo novas maneiras de criar valor, o mesmo aconteceu com o discurso sobre sua capacidade disruptiva. Entretanto, não se sabe o suficiente sobre o impacto da economia compartilhada nas empresas estabelecidas além da narrativa da capacidade disruptiva.Principais resultados: o estudo identificou 187 ações relacionadas com a economia compartilhada que foram realizadas por 134 empresas estabelecidas entre 2011 e 2015. Menos da metade dessas ações são consideradas inovadoras, e a maioria delas está na extremidade inferior do espectro de inovação.Contribuição teórica/metodológica: este estudo contribui para a literatura sobre economia compartilhada ao desenvolver uma estrutura sintetizada com base na inovação para avaliar a resposta das empresas estabelecidas aos novos participantes da economia compartilhada.Contribuições sociais/gerencias: os resultados deste estudo e a metodologia usada fornecem oportunidades de benchmarking para empresas em circunstâncias semelhantes, e também questionam a narrativa disruptiva em torno da economia compartilhada
A incidência da inovação em responsabilidade social corporativa nas empresas do setor elétrico
Get PDFIn a scenario of economic crisis it is common for companies to reduce the volume of social activities and innovation. Companies in the electricity sector are the basis for a country’s industries, making this sector one of the most important. Therefore, it is relevant to investigate whether companies in the electricity sector perform innovation, Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) activities, and CSR actions that can be considered as innovation. The objective of this study was to describe the CSR actions and innovations that matter most to the electric sector companies present in the BM&F Bovespa Corporate Sustainability Index (ISE). A documentary survey was carried out, consisting of the management and sustainability reports, from the years 2013 to 2015, of the 10 companies listed in the ISE in the year 2015. Regarding CSR activities, it can be inferred that promoting art, culture, citizenship, quality of life and generation of income for young people and adults, have programs of inclusive professional training and volunteer programs, matter to the companies surveyed. Regarding the relationship between innovation and CSR, it can be inferred that the implementation of innovations that led to the improvement of social actions, and the elaboration of innovation projects matter to companies, to the detriment of the other researched items. It is suggested that the actions of innovation and CSR are focused primarily on the development of the individual and the interaction with the society in which it is inserted, and this can provide a favorable image of the company for society.Em um cenário de crise econômica é comum que empresas diminuam o volume das atividades sociais e de inovação. As empresas do setor elétrico são a base para as indústrias de um país, fazendo com que este setor seja um dos mais importantes. Portanto, torna-se relevante investigar se as empresas do setor elétrico realizam inovação, atividades de Responsabilidade Social Corporativa (RSC), e ações de RSC que podem ser consideradas como inovação. O Objetivo deste estudo foi descrever as ações e inovações em RSC que mais importam para as empresas do setor elétrico presentes no Índice de Sustentabilidade Empresarial (ISE) da BM&F Bovespa. Realizou-se levantamento documental composto pelos relatórios da administração e de sustentabilidade, dos anos de 2013 até 2015, das 10 empresas listadas no ISE no ano de 2015. A respeito das atividades de RSC, pode-se inferir que promover atividades de arte, cultura, cidadania, qualidade de vida e geração de renda para jovens e adultos, possuir programas de capacitação profissional inclusiva e programas de voluntariado, importam para as empresas pesquisadas. Acerca da relação entre inovação e RSC, pode-se inferir que a implementação de inovações que provocaram melhoria das ações sociais, e a elaboração de projetos de inovação importam para as empresas, em detrimento dos demais itens pesquisados. Sugere-se que as ações de inovação e de RSC estão voltadas prioritariamente para o desenvolvimento do indivíduo e da interação com a sociedade em que está inserido, e isso pode proporcionar uma imagem favorável da empresa para a sociedade
Design rights for Start-ups: Drawing a line of protection
Get PDFDesigns are considered as one of the imperative aspects of a business. Design rights as a branch of Intellectual property rights plays a crucial role in protecting unique designs from infringement. In this regard, design rights have become increasingly important for designers and businesses all over the globe. Primarily, this article provides an overview of design law and registration process in Australia with an emphasis on Start-ups and SMEs. Secondly, this article provides insights on design registration trends of Start-ups and SMEs in Australia. Thirdly, the study provides the importance of designs as an intellectual property for Start-ups and SMEs. Further, the study sheds some light on how registered designs can be used as collaterals
Innovation management and Value Chain Design: Case of a Small Professional Services Firm
Get PDFThe concepts of innovation and innovation management were usually associated with large firms in developed countries that focused on product manufacturing. More recently, researchers turned to studies of innovation in services and the relevance to small firms in developing countries. This paper explores the relevance and applicability of the concept of innovation management to small firms, particularly in the field of professional services, in the context of a developing state. A qualitative research method was employed involving collection and analysis of published articles, reports, and leading texts on the subject of innovation management. The main finding is that innovation management is highly relevant to small firms especially those that operate in the services sector. The value of the paper lies in the fact that innovation management and value chain innovation were not previously investigated in small professional services firms in the Caribbean, and, therefore, the paper contributes to filling that gap in the literature. The practical implications for managers are that open innovation and services innovation must be embraced, and business model and value chain innovation are critical to small firm delivery of services
EFFECTS OF INNOVATION TYPES ON PRODUCT IDENTITIES: DOES RADICAL INNOVATION LEAD TO A MORE INTEGRATED PRODUCT IDENTITY?
Get PDFIn this study, the relation between innovation capabilities and product identity integrity is investigated through a theoretical frame, which is briefly tested through Turkish television industry.There are many studies in literature that discuss design’s role in innovation. The differentiation of product design activities from technological improvements was also discussed before; however more recent studies conducted by Dell’Era and Verganti also discuss the visual language aspect and its contribution to product innovation. Even if many aspects of visual elements and their effect on perceived novelty are discussed, the overall outcomes of design-driven innovation on product identity and brand identity still need to be discussed. There is a prior study conducted by Dell’Era and Vergani (2007) that provide quantitative clues on the subject, but theoretical explanations and their evaluations on fieldworks are still needed.This study aims to provide theoretical explanations to product identity outcomes of certain innovation types. Literatures on innovation, organizational creativity, and comparative studies on radical and incremental innovations are studied together with studies on product identity strategies to provide a relation between innovation types and product identity outcomes.The results support prior studies that claim companies with radical innovation capabilities have more homogenous product identity. Also, the provided theoretical relations are identified to a degree in the study. The outcomes can be suggested and developed further for developing product identity strategies in organizations
Los Tecno Recurso Laborales y su impacto en el Tecnoestrés. Un Caso empírico
Get PDFThe information and Communication Technologies (ICT) have changed how the professors in the Higher Education Institutions (HEI) conduct their activities that benefits their work and personal routines. Nevertheless, the lack of proper ICT tools needed to its implementation (Lack of Work Techno-resources-LWTR) causes stress disturbances, affecting the professor’s health. This research focuses in determine if the LWTR is defined by psychosocial factors as Techno-anxiety and Inefficiency. Also to understand if those factors contribute to the level of technostress in professors of the HEI in the Laja-Bajio region of Guanajuato, Mexico. The analysis includes a sample of 415 professors, and a descriptive, correlational and regression analysis. Results points that professors consider ICT as a factor to increase their self-efficiency, their work in teams and their autonomy, having enough technological equipment to accomplish their work activities. Results also showed that the Techno- anxiety is the factor that mostly influences in the Technostress. Besides, the multiple regression analysis determines the Lack of Work Techno-resources in the professors. In conclusion, this paper contributes to the knowledge of which factors, caused by the ICT, contributes to stress in higher education professors.Las tecnologías de la información y la comunicación (TIC) han cambiado la forma de realizar las actividades de los docentes de las instituciones educativas de nivel superior que benefician sus actividades laborales y personales. Sin embargo, si no cuentan con los recursos técnicos necesarios para utilizar las TIC, la Falta de Tecno-Recursos Laborales (FTRL) puede generar alteraciones en los niveles de estrés que incluyen afectan su salud. Por ello, el objetivo de esta investigación fue determinar si el FTRL está definido por los factores psicosociales de tecnología e ineficacia y si estos son al nivel de conocimiento y estrés en los niveles superiores de la Región Laja-Bajío. Con una muestra de 415 docentes, se realizó un análisis descriptivo, correlacional y de regresión. Los resultados apuntan que los docentes consideran que las TIC aumentan su autoeficiencia, el facilitador del trabajo en equipo, los que tienen autonomía y el que cuenta con el equipo tecnológico para realizar sus actividades laborales. También se encontró que la Tecno-ansiedad es la variable que más influye en Tecno-estrés en relación a la ineficacia. Por último, mediante el análisis de regresión múltiple se determinó que, la Falta de Tecno-recursos laborales está determinada tanto por el Tecno-ansiedad como por la Ineficacia, y que al nivel de tecnología y estrés en el docente de las Instituciones de Educación Superior de la Región Laja-Bajío, Guanajuato, México. Este artículo contribuye al conocimiento de los factores que contribuyen al estrés de los niveles superiores causados por las TIC
Innovation in brazilian private higher education: A proposal for the application of active methodologies based on the flipped classroom
Get PDFThis article aims to describe the application and adaptation of the traditional classroom model to the so-called semi-flipped classroom model. In semi-flipping, differently from the flipped classroom, students can watch the videos in the classroom as well. The research was done a private HEI. The methodology adopted was qualitative and quantitative. The quantitative data were collected through a questionnaire from google forms tool, applied to the students of the IES, in its Venda Nova unit. For the qualitative approach, participant observation was used. This study was based on an earlier research applied in the same institution, when there was an attempt to implant the flipped classroom model. The application of the semi-flipped model aimed to remedy the main obstacles presented by the implementation of the flipped classroom model. The results reveal that the semi-flipped model had adherence and retained the advantages of the flipped classroom, obtaining better results
The Dynamics of Trust and Control in Innovation Ecosystems
Get PDFWithin the innovation ecosystem literature, scholars have considered governance mechanisms as an important instrument for focal entities to mitigate the risks of opportunistic behaviour. Scholars have not focused yet on how these mechanisms work. In the alliance literature, governance mechanisms have been extensively researched and described. As innovation ecosystems are a subset of alliances, constructs from the alliance literature are used to understand how governance mechanisms are employed by the focal entity within innovation ecosystems. Scholars have also considered the importance of partner alignment for successful innovations. To mitigate the risks of opportunistic behaviour and to align partners, this research has focused on understanding how the focal entity uses governance mechanisms to influence partner alignment. Based on an exploratory multiple case study research, this research has found a list of partner stimulators, like for example leadership and expectation management, that influence the effectiveness of governance mechanisms used by focal entities in aligning partners. When partner alignment stimulators are present, the effectiveness of governance mechanisms is enhanced and partners feel more aligned. We have also developed a model that explains the relation between partner alignment stimulators, governance mechanisms, and partner alignment. In addition, we have found that constructs from the alliance literature can be applied to an innovation ecosystem setting when partner alignment stimulators are considered in addition to governance mechanisms. We contribute to the innovation ecosystem literature by explicitly considering partner alignment stimulators that influence the relation between governance mechanisms and partner alignment. Future research could focus on using quantitative methods to strengthen the findings of this research