Journal of Applied and Natural Science
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Assessment of Diara land under Bhagalpur district using remote sensing and GIS tools
Get PDFThe Diara land is found in between the natural levees of the river and formed due to its meandering and course changing behavior. The topography of Diara land is mostly undulating and intersected with numerous dead and disconnected channels, Remote sensing and Geographical Information System (GIS) is a reliable technique to prepare a comprehensive inventory of land use pattern of an area. The present study was carried out to prepare a complete digital map of diara land of Bhagalpur district using spatial software (TNT Mips). On the basis of visual interpretation of the satellite image and physiographic pattern of the land escape, polygons were digitized for area delineation and mapping for diara land. Out of sixteen blocks of Bhagalpur district, only six blocks were identified as an old Diara land (203.26 km2) and thirteen blocks were identified as a new diara land (869.78 km2). Occupied areas viz. Narayanpur, Bihpur, Kharik, Naugachhiya, Ismailpur, Rangra Chowk and Gopalpur blocks were identified under complete diara land. No any one Diara land characteristics ware marked in Shahkund, Goradih and Sanhaula blocks
Impact of tannery effluent on germination of various varieties of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)
Get PDFThe present study has been focused on the impact of tannery effluent on germination pattern of ten varieties of wheat (Triticum aestivum).The physico-chemical analysis of the tannery effluents showed that it had high salinity (45.97 ppt) and an acidic pH (3.61). For screening test, a setup with various concentrations of tannery effluent (4.5%, 9%, 13.5%and 18%) was prepared in petri plates to check the impact of tannery effluent on various varieties of wheat. Among ten varieties, PBW-343 and HS-365 showed better performance at 4.5% tannery effluentand considered to be more tolerant, whereas HS -295 was the most sensitive to tannery effluent treatment
Analysis of bioactive phytochemicals and evaluation of antioxidant activity of a medicinal plant, Boerhaavia diffusa L.
Get PDFBoerhaavia diffusa L. (Family: Nyctaginaceae) commonly known as Punarnava is an herbaceous, spreading vine widely distributed in the tropical and subtropical regions in the world. The plants are a rich source of vitamins, minerals, protein and carbohydrate. The present study was carried out to determine the concentration of some bioactive phytochemicals (ascorbic acid,carotenoids, total phenolics, protein and carbohydrate) and their antioxidant activity in punarnava. Results showed the values for ascorbic acid (16.75±1.72 and 18.86±1.12 mg/100g of Fresh Weight), carotenoids (1.36±0.10 and 1.98±0.11 ìg/g of Fresh Weight), protein (122.975±6.27 and 134.45±6.23 mg/g of dry weight) and carbohydrate (56.67±5.77 and 60.11±5.23 mg/g of dry weight) for aqueous and methanolic of root extracts of B.diffusa respectively. Methanolic root extracts showed greater antioxidant activity than the aqueous extracts using DPPH method
Prevalence of Menopon gallinae Linn. (Insecta, Phthiraptera, Menoponidae, Amblycera) upon poultry birds (Gallus gallus domesticus) of selected locality of district Chamoli Garhwal (Uttarakhand), India
Get PDFPrevalence and intensity of infestation of Menopon gallinae (Linn.) was recorded from 688 poultry birds belonging to 30 selected locality of district Chamoli (Uttarakhand) during March, 2012 to February, 2013, out of which 310 were found infested (45.06%). Prevalence rate were higher in female (46.8%) than male (42%) birds in present investigation. Higher infestation were noted in certain parameters like captivity (larger group), poor health, poor hygienic condition, poor feather condition, black feather colour, desi breed and older birds. Singly reared, good health, good hygienic condition, good feather condition, mix colour, broiler breed and younger poultry birds were found to have least infestation. Intensity of infestation was noted by coding system. Maximum poultry bird bore very light (VL) infestation (29.68%) while very few were found with very heavy (VH) infestation (4.52%). Relative monthly intensity of infestation remained more or less similar in all the categories. Lice were peaked during summer in comparison to the winter. Strong positive correlation existed between monthly lice index and temperature (+0.79); lice index and photoperiod (+0.84), while the same were found insignificant with humidity (-0.23) and rainfall (-0.17)
Ultrasonic method of Biodiesel production from Palm kernel
Get PDFBiodiesel is a clean burning alternative fuel derived from chemical reactors produced from palm kernel oil, is currently spreading like a wind dust in the air. It is considered as the fuel for the future without rise in global warming. It has advantages over the fossil fuel diesel as sustainability (renewable resources), ease of production, and availability of raw materials. The study examines the biodiesel produced through transesterification of palm kernel oil (1% fatty acid) with methanol using granulated sodium hydroxide as catalyst through ultrasonic method. The palm kernel oil biodiesel produced was characterized as alternative diesel fuel through standard tests (ASTM) for basic fuel properties such as viscosity, cloud point, pour point, flash point and specific gravity as well as economical feasibility for Nigeria. The result showed that 875g of palm kernel oil (1% fatty acid) with 175g of methanol using 13g of sodium hydroxide (granulated) subjected to ultrasonic method for 1 hour through transesterification process produced 96.23% of biodiesel and 16.89% of glycerol plus high excess methanol wasallowed to settle for 6 hours. Two layers were observed containing unwashed biodiesel at the top and darker layers of glycerin. After washing the biodiesel with warm water, the cleaned, biodiesel was dried by heat to remove the moisture from and allowed to settle down. A bright colour biodiesel was obtained which was within the international standard for biodiesel fuel
Quantitative osteological study of a bottom feeder hillstream cyprinoid fish Crossocheilus latius latius (Hamilton- Buchanan)
Get PDFThe quantitative osteological study has been conducted on a Hillstream bottom feeder fish Crossocheilus latius latius. C. latius latius is a common hillstream fish of Snowfed Rivers of Alaknanda. The bones have been taken from different sized fishes ranged from 13 to 27 Cm in length and 39 to 132 gm in weight. The correlation is applied between Body Weight and the Weight of different disarticulated bones of C. latius latius. The correlation (r) is highly significant among the different parameter of body in relation to osteology which ranged from r = 0.952; P<0.1 to r = 0.999; P< 0.1
A study on fungicides potential and incidence of sheath rot of rice caused by Sarocladium oryzae (Sawada)
Get PDFSheath rot, Sarocdadium oryzae (Sawada) Gams. and Hawksw., has recently become a serious disease of rice when climatic conditions are unfavorable during flag sheath development. In this study systemic and nonsystemic fungicides were tested against S. oryzae. Maximum inhibition of radial growth (76.53%) was recorded at 10.0ppm of tebuconazole fungicides. In non-systemic fungicides, maximum inhibition of radial growth (78.86%) was recorded at 200.0ppm. Comparative efficacy of fungicides on sheath rot was tested during Kharif 2008-2009. Foliar spray of tebuconazole was found superior overall other treatments giving reduction in disease severity (59.01-64.33%), which was followed by followed by carbendazim (48.70-55.28%), and also increased grain yield per plant (45.06-65.84%), grain yield per plot (45.57-65.85%), 1000-grains weight (10.80-52.58%) and reduction in chaffiness (48.07-53.80%). Among non-systemic fungicides chorothalonil was found best in managing sheath rot, giving reduction in disease severity (35.68-38.85%), and also increased grain yield per plant (24.78-44.74%), grain yield per plot (24.52-44.57%), 1000-grains weight (4.25-35.47%) and reduction in chaffiness (15.74-45.96%) as compared to check. Another field experiment was conducted during Kharif 2009-10 to observe sheath rot incidence on rice cultivars in Tarai region. The incidence was recorded in thirty three varieties; only varieties (Type-3 and Basmati-370) were recorded as free from disease symptoms
Design and construction of an inverter using solar cell as a source of charger
Get PDFThe present study is basically on electricity generation in which solar cell or module is used to power an inverter. This can also be called photovoltaic system, because it consists of solar modules, solar charge controller, 24V.d.c battery and an inverter. Solar modules serve as source of charger through solar charge controller to the battery and inverter are used in converting the direct current into an alternating current for the domestic appliance. This study is very useful in electricity generation especially in a developing country such as Nigeria where there is epileptic power supply. It-’s use is far better than generating set because it needs less maintenance, it does not use fuel, it is not heavy, it is rugged, it does not need an alternating current for its charging and it is noiseless
Impact of industrial effluents on ground water and soil quality in the vicinity of industrial area of Panipat city, India
Get PDFThe present paper is aimed towards the assessment of heavy metal contamination of agricultural soil due to irrigation with contaminated ground water affected by textile industrial effluents at Panipat city in India. Samples of ground water and irrigated soils from textile industrial area were analyzed for various heavy metals, viz. Mn, Ni, Fe, Cu, Cd, Pb and Zn, using Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry. Metal transfer factors from ground water to irrigated agricultural soil and from soil to ground water were calculated for heavy metals. The findings deal with the distribution of heavy metals in ground water of industrial area and irrigated agricultural soil. Transfer factors for heavy metals from effluent to ground water were observed to be 0.436, 1.180, 6.461, 2.401, 2.790, 3.178 and 0.634 for Cd, Cu, Fe, Mn, Ni, Pb and Zn respectively. These were found to be very high from ground water to agriculture soil due to the natural shale value of heavy metals in soil system. Thus, untreated industrial effluents can cause an environmental threat to ground water resources and affects soil quality and agricultural plant productivity
Biochemical changes in haemolymph of Apis mellifera L. drone under the influence of cell phone radiations
Get PDFThe effects of Electromagnetic radiations (EMR) are being felt by wildlife and the environment as a whole, birds, bees, worms, trees are being affected. So the main focus of present study was carried out to analyse the influence of cell phone radiations on the biochemical aspects of drone of Apis mellifera L. The drone was exposed for 30 mins to radiations using live cell phones kept in working mode with tape recorder at the speaker end and positive response at the receiver’s end. The results of the treatment were analyzed and compared with the control. The concentration of various biomolecules increased from 1.65 mg/ml to 2.75 mg/ml for carbohydrates , 3.74 mg/ml to 4.85 mg/ml for proteins and from 0.325 mg/ml to 1.33 mg/ml for lipids under the influence of EMR