Journal of Applied and Natural Science
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A study on Tornabea scutellifera (Lichenized Ascomycete, Lecanorales) in northeastern Iran
Get PDFThe present study shows the morphology, anatomy and chemistry of Tornabea scutellifera occurring in north eastern Iran . Most thalli are corticolouse, even though its thalus also shows some degree of vegetation on rocky substrates
Impact of solid waste disposal on ground water quality near Gazipur dumping site, Delhi, India
Get PDFThe present study was carried out to study the impact of domestic wastes disposal on ground water quality at Delhi, India. Ground water is one of the major sources of drinking water in arid and semi-arid regions. Ground water quality data and its distributions are important for the purpose of planning and management. The samples of ground water were collected and analyzed for various physico-chemical parameters viz. conductivity, total dissolved solids (TDS), alkalinity, total hardness, calcium, magnesium, chloride, sulphate, nitrate, phosphate,fluoride, sodium and potassium. Among these parameters, TDS were found higher 1400, 1068, 1524, 1656, 840, 1106, 1540, 1330, 1900, 1960, 1914, 2061 mg/l at all the Ga1,Ga2, Ga3, Ga4, Ga5, Ga6, Ga7, Ga8, Ga9, Ga10, Ga11, Ga12, Ga13, Ga14, Ga15, Ga16 sampling sites respectively. TDS were observed beyond the desirable limits of BIS at all the sampling sites. Maximum value of TDS (2061 mg/l) was found at the sampling site Ga12 while the minimum value of TDS (1061 mg/l) was found at the sampling site Ga2. Maximum value of chloride (560 mg/l) wasfound at sampling site Ga4, while the minimum value of chloride (60 mg/l) was found at sampling site Ga5 and rest all other parameters were found within permissible limit. The present study concluded that the chloride and TDS in water samples were above to the desirable limit and below to the permissible limit of BIS and rest all other parameters were within desirable limit
Studies on influence of genotypic diversity on yield, quality and incidence of white fly and yellow mite in Capsicum annuum L.
Get PDFA field experiment was conducted with fifty one chilli (Capsicum annuum L.) genotypes to study the growth, yield, quality characters, white fly and yellow mite incidence during Rabi season of 2007-08 and 2008-09. The data on growth, yield performance, quality characters and pest incidence revealed significant variation among the different genotypes. Significantly the highest number of fruits per plant was recorded in genotype CA-29 (168.23) and it was lowest in genotype CA-2 (52.30) and it was statistically at par with genotypes CA - 15 (56.09) and CA-43 (56.20). Like number of fruits per plant, the significantly highest fresh yield was recorded in CA-29 (14.58 t/ha). Higher fruit yield was also recorded in genotype CA - 47 (13.35 t/ha) and CA-48 (13.18 t/ha). Ascorbic acid content in red ripe fruit varied from 75.89 to 167.21 mg/100 g fresh. The highest capsaicin content in the red ripe fruit was recorded in genotype CA -17 (1.13 %) followed by CA-4 (1.07%) and it was lowest in CA-7 (0.33%). Genotype CA - 45 was almost free from white fly incidence and lower incidence was also recorded in genotype CA-43 (0.40 /plant) followed by CA - 23 (0.50 / plant) and CA - 21 (8.10/ plant) was found most susceptible to white fly incidence. Among the different genotypes, CA - 22, CA - 24, CA - 25, CA - 27 and CA - 30 were free from mite infestation where as CA - 13 (13.60/leaf) was most susceptible to yellow mite incidence
Byssoloma subdiscordans (Nyl.) P. James: Distributional range and its habitat preference in Indian subcontinent
Get PDFThe present paper deals with the new distributional record of Byssoloma subdiscordans for Western Himalayan lichen flora and a new habitat record for Indian subcontinent. A note on its brief taxonomic description, distribution, ecology and occurrence in India is also provided. Previously the species was reported as corticolous and foliicolous from tropical and montane regions of India, viz. Eastern Himalaya and Western Ghats, but this is for the first time that authors have reported it as saxicolous in temperate regions of Western Himalaya, thus extending its habitat preference along with distributional range within Indian subcontinent
Biochemical indices to monitor health status with respect to reproductive cycle of Melanochelys trijuga
Get PDFBlood analysis can provide information regarding the physiological condition of an individual animal or population health as a whole. The present investigation analyzed clinical laboratory data of soluble organic substances of plasma namely triglycerides, cholesterol, HDL, serum glutamic pyruvic transaminase (SGPT/ aspartate amionotransferase) and albumin of Asian pond turtle Melanochelys trijuga. Using multiple samples measures of analysis and variance was determined. M. trijuga exhibited variation in biochemical parameters with respect to reproductive cycle. Biochemical profiles of cholesterol, HDL, LDL, SGPT and albumin values found to be high in preparative period and minimum in recrudescent period of the reproductive cycle. This indicates that the preparative period is the stage where the animals prepare for the forth coming reproductive period. The level of triglycerides and cholesterol varied independently. All the parameters fluctuated with in normal range. The data may be useful to evaluate the health status of the turtle for veterinary care and conservation
Ion funnel quadrupole time of Flight mass spectrometry: optimization for achieving all ion MS/MS and pseudo MSn
Get PDFAn attempt has been made to study and understand Ion funnel technology for improved detection and measurement capabilities of ions originating from small molecules. Different ways to create and study collision induced fragments have been explored and strategies to achieve various kinds of all ions MS/MS have been discussed. We observed that stability of ions in the system is largely controlled by the funnel exit DC voltage and Rf voltages of the low pressure funnel also contributes to the collision induced dissociation of the ions. An appropriate mix of in source collision energy coupled with Funnel exit DC voltage and low pressure funnel Rf voltage can induce extensive fragmentation of the ions mimicking several stages of MS/MS simultaneously
Soil aggregation dynamics and carbon sequestration
Get PDFThe quantity and quality of residues determine the formation and stabilization of aggregate structure for soil organic carbon (SOC) sequestration. Plant roots and residues are the primary organic skeleton to enmesh the inorganic particles together and build macro- and microaggregates while sequestering SOC. There are three major organic binding agents of aggregation: temporary (plant roots, fungal hyphae, and bacterial cells), transient (polysaccharides), and persistent (humic compounds and polymers). Conversion of natural ecosystems into agricultural lands for intensive cultivation severely depletes SOC pools. Magnitude of SOC sequestration in the soil system depends on the residence time of SOC in aggregates. Microaggregates are bound to old organic C, whereas macroaggregates contain younger organic material. Many techniques have been used to assess the SOC distribution in aggregates. Classical methods include SOC determination in aggregate fractions by wet and dry sieving of bulk soil. Isotopic methods including the determination of 13C and 14C with mass spectrometry are techniques to quantify the turnover and storage of organic materials in soil aggregates. Other techniques involve the use of computed tomography, X-ray scattering, and X-ray microscopy to examine the internal porosity and interaggregate attributes of macro- and microaggregates. Current state-of-knowledge has not unravelled completely the underlying complex processes involved in the sequestration, stability, dynamics, and residence times of SOC in macro- and microaggregates. There is a need to develop a unique conceptual model of aggregate hierarchy
Genotoxicity and tumor inducing potential of roadside soil samples exposed to heavy traffic emissions at Amritsar (Punjab), India
Get PDFNoxious gases released from vehicles adversely affect the microbial population of the roadside soil as well as exerts influence on plant growth and development. Considering the increasing vehicular pollution in Amritsar, a holy city of Punjab (India) and their serious consequences in terms of health problems, the present study was planned to estimate genotoxic and tumor inducing potentials of soil samples from Golden temple (GT) and Putlighar Chowk (PG) by employing Allium cepa root chromosomal aberration assay (AlRCAA) and Potato disc tumor assay (PDTA), respectively. The genotoxic potential in terms of percent aberrant cells in A. cepa was found to be 29.24 % (GT) and 29.24 % (PG) during in situ treatment and 39.00 % (GT) and 39.48 % (PG) during root dip treatment. The average number of tumors was found to be 14.4 in PG sample, followed by 13.0 in GT sample. Both samples have shown high content of lead viz., 39.81 (GT) and 56.48 (PG) during physicochemical analysis of the samples
Field efficacy of formulation of fungal bioagents against bacterial leaf blight of rice caused by Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae (Uyeda and Ishiyama) Dowson
Get PDFIn the present study, Trichoderma harzianum, T. hamatum, T. virens and three isolates of Trichoderma spp. were evaluated for their comparative efficacy against bacterial leaf blight of rice, under field conditions. All the bioagent formulations were significantly effective in reducing disease severity over check during Kharif season 2006 and 2007. T. harzianum was found to be most effective and resulted 48.26 and 59.22 % reduction in disease severity during Kharif season 2006 and 2007, respectively. Maximum increase in grain yield (16.21%) was recorded with T. harzianum followed by isolate 40 (14.58%), during Kharif season 2006. Whereas during Kharif season 2007, maximum increase in grain yield (18.95%) was recorded with T. harzianum which is followed by T. virens (14.65%) and isolate 40 (12.57 %). Present study revealed that T. harzianum (isolated from rice phylloplane) was found to be most effective in reducing disease severity and increasing grain yield as compared to other isolates obtained from different sources
Effect of liquid Biofertilizer (Vrikshayurveda) prepared from Brassica alba on the cultivation of rice
Get PDFBrassica alba, one of the very anciently well known plants, was used as biofertilizer long time before. Pot culture technique was introduced and three different pots were prepared. Plants of first pot provided only normal dose of urea, in second pot additionally 10% B. alba liquid manure sprayed along with the normal dose of urea. Third pot was provided with blue green algal fertilization and 10% of B. alba liquid manure. Various parameters like plant height, leaf length, leaf number and inflorescence length were evaluated in test culture receiving differentdose of urea and bio-fertilizer. In pot-1, plant height, length of inflorescence, grain yield , husk yield , grains per panicle , number of panicle per plant and weight of 1000 grains was found to be 84.30 cm, 19.50 cm, 2800 kgha-1, 4300 kgha-1, 42 grains per panicle, 4 panicle and 24.80 gm respectively, whereas in pot-2 plant height, length of inflorescence, grain yield, husk yield, grains per panicle, number of panicle per plant and weight of 1000 grains was found to be 98.50 cm, 21.40 cm, 3700 kgha-1 ,5600 kgha-1, 56 grains, 6 panicle and 29.30 gm respectively and in test pot-3, plant height, length of inflorescence, grain yield, husk yield, grains per panicle, number of panicle per plant and weight of 1000 grains was found to be 112.80 cm, 24.30 cm, 3850 kg ha-1, 5630 kgha-1, 60 grain per panicle, 6 panicle, and 30.60 gm respectively. The results clearly indicated that in comparison to urea, B. alba treated paddy plant performed higher plant height, higher yield production, higher husk production, larger number of grain per panicle and panicle length and higher grain weight