Journal of Applied and Natural Science
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Ion chromatography determination of anionic change in surface and ground water due to industrial effluents in Jammu (J&K), India
Get PDFIn present investigation of anionic (fluoride, chloride, bromide, phosphate and sulphate) change in surface and ground water due to industrial effluents by ion chromatography technique has been determined in area of Jammu using Ion-chromatograph (IC-850).Surface and ground water samples were taken before and after discharge of industrial effluents. All required standards for calibration and all the samples (water as well as industrial effluents) have been prepared by using ultra pure water obtained from M Millipore. Both the peak height (PH) and peak area (PA) were used to assess the IC signals. All the peaks for anions were clear with good resolution and there were no interactions between them. The total time for anion analysis was recorded to be about 28 minutes .Anions like fluoride exhibited drastic change in concentration in surface and ground water samples taken after discharge of industrial effluents
Ergonomic hazard identification of workers engaged in brick making factories
Get PDFThis study was done with the aim to identify the specific ergonomic risk factors in the workplace affecting the both male and female workers while doing raw brick making activities and to analyze the pain/discomfort related to it. Twenty male and twenty female workers from the raw brick making unit were randomly selected and a detailed ergonomic risk factors were analyzed with the help of NIOSH Ergonomic Hazard Identification checklist. The questions were based on the primary job responsibility of the workers. Data revealed that nearly 8 percent males and 10 percent females were in ‘usually’ category, 25 percent males and 28 percent females in ‘sometimes’ and approximately 18 percent male and 13 percent females who never performed the task were kept in the category ‘never’. It was found that all the male and female workers usually require exerting force with their hands and used the hand tools to do the task. About 8 percent males and 5 percent females were usually, 15 percent male and only 10 percent female were sometimes and 28 percent males and 35 percent female were never stood continuously for a period of more than 30 minutes. On the whole all the male and female respondents were lifting or lowering the objects between floor and waist height or shoulder height and most of the workers were becoming exposed to the vibration while performing the task and they were carrying the weight more than 50 lb. The study indicates that the majority of the activities are in the high risk category and demands immediate ergonomic intervention in the form of tool, workstation and process design
Effect of Imidacloprid and Triadimefon on microbial phosphatase, protease and urease enzyme activities in tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum sp.) cultivated soil
Get PDFThe laboratory studies were conducted to resolute the effects of Imidacloprid (insecticide) and Triadimefon (fungicide) singly and in combination on enzymatic activities of soil microorganisms in tomato cultivated soils at different concentrations of 0.2, 0.5 and 0.7 kg per hectare. It was observed that phosphatase, protease and urease activities were elevated noteworthy at 0.5kg per hectare after 10 days of incubation. At lower concentration the activities of these enzymes showed no significant difference from that of control. The combination of the two pesticides led to a pronounced decline of phosphatase and protease enzyme activities at higher concentration. Triadimefon had no effect on urease activity at low concentrations whereas at 0.5 and 0.7 concentrations there was a significant increase when compared to control
Antibacterial activity of actinomycetes against bacterial pathogens of diabetic foot ulcers
Get PDFDiabetes mellitus is a serious public health problem worldwide. Diabetic foot ulcers (DFU), a major complication in Type 2 diabetes are one of the major causes of morbidity and mortality around the world. To screen various bacterial pathogens present in diabetic foot ulcers and to determine their antibiotic sensitivity to actinomycetes isolated from various fields of Chandragiri, Tirupati, twenty four actinomycetes isolates were isolated and screened by primary and secondary screening methods to determine potent antibiotic producers by using test organisms. Among 24 isolates, 4 were more potent and they showed varied range of antibacterial activity of pathogens, isolated form diabetic foot ulcers. Four isolates were compared with lenezoid antibiotic. Enterococcus was resistant to lenezoid antibiotic but four actinomycetes inhibited the growth of Enterococi
Characterization of a bacterial collar and rhizome rot of banana (Musa paradisiaca) caused by strains of Erwinia chrysanthemi pv. paradisiaca
Get PDFA serious collar and rhizome rot disease of banana was observed in the north region of Maharashtra state in post rainy season. The disease was caused by the bacterial strains of Erwinia chrysanthemi pv. paradisiaca identified and characterized by morphological, physiological, biochemical and pathogenicity tests. The infection occurred on new banana plantation of one month old in poorly drained soil. In post rainy season, banana plantations of 8 to 10 weeks were found severely infected. E. chrysanthemi pv. paradisiaca produced soft rot symptom onhealthy banana rhizomes within three weeks. Two strains were isolated from the collar and rhizome rotted diseased samples which were similar in morphological, physiological and biochemical characteristics, however they differed in the virulence aggressiveness to cause the disease in banana. Strain II caused soft rot symptoms within 19 days, however strain I produced it within 23 days of inoculation with suspension of 3×108 CFU ml-1. The result of this study revealed that strain II was more aggressive as compared to strain I of E. chrysanthemi pv. paradisiaca
Translocation and enrichment of heavy metals in Brassica juncea grown in Paper mill effluent irrigated soil
Get PDFThe present study observed the accumulation of heavy metals in Brassica juncea irrigated with paper mill effluent (PME) and control Bore well water (BWW). The soil was treated to five rates of effluents viz. 10, 25, 50, 75 and 100 ml/Kg soil. It was revealed 100% PME irrigation of soil increased Pb (+46.44%), Cr (+83.21%), Ni (+38.43%) and Cd (+78.92%). The enrichment factor (Ef) for Cr and Cd showed moderate enrichment with 10% to 75% PME irrigated soil, except Cr (5.96) which showed significant enrichment with 100% PME irrigated soil. Ef value for Pb and Ni showed deficiency to mineral enrichment with different concentrations of PME irrigated soil. The maximum accumulation of Pb (42.66±2.05 mg/kg), Cr (39.80±5.95 mg/kg), Ni (88.64±11.29 mg/kg) and Cd (5.85±0.29 mg/kg) were recorded in leaves of B. juncea, while that of Pb (43.85±3.46 mg/kg), Cr (48.59±3.81 mg/kg), Cd (6.74±1.22 mg/kg) with 100% and Ni (74.93±2.54 mg/kg) were recorded with 75% PME after 60 days in roots of the B. juncea. Ef value was found maximum for Cr (5.08) in leaves and for Pb (6.64) in roots, while the Translocation factor (Tf) was found maximum for Pb (2.45) in root of the crop irrigated with PME. The use of PME with proper dilution and with the metallic concentrations in permissible limit can be used as biofertigant for irrigation of B. juncea
An overview on green house gas emission characteristics and energy evaluation of ocean energy systems from life cycle assessment and energy accounting studies
Get PDFAn analysis has been made as regards emission characteristics of ocean energy systems from life cycle assessment and scope of energy availability from energy accounting studies. Assessment tools developed and standardized were the indices like scope of Green house gases (GHG) emission per kWh power generation, percentage of CO2 saved compared to coal fired power station and the energy payback period. Emission characteristics of ocean energy systems were also compared with that from solar power, bio-fuels and wind energy systems. Four case studies were made comprising of wave energy converters, Ocean Thermal Energy Conversion (OTEC) system and tidal energy. It could be observed that CO2 emission percentage saved from ocean energy schemes were more than 95 per cent; and energy payback period varied between one year and a little higher than two years, depending on the type of the device
Efficacy of Capparis decidua in control of Lymnea acuminata and their cercaria larvae at Balsamand lake, Jodhpur
Get PDFThe snail Lymnea acuminata is considered to be intermediate hosts because humans harbour the sexual stages of the parasites and the snails harbour the asexual stages. Herbs are believed to be safer than the synthetic drugs for the control of snails. Alcoholic extracts of Capparis decidua flowers have been evaluated for their lethal effect against L. acuminata and their cercarial larvae. 1%, 2%, 5% concentration of alcoholic flower extract of Capparis were not effective for cercaria after 9 hrs of treatment. 100% mortality was not observed in echinostome and furcocerous even in 24 hrs. But surprisingly after 17 hrs 100% mortality was observed in 5% concentration for xiphdio
Antifertility effects of Solanum xanthocarpum seeds on female albino rats
Get PDFThe effect of Solanum xanthocarpum seed powder as aqueous suspension on genital organs and fertility of female albino rats was studied at doses of 50, 100 & 150 mg/kg/day for 30 days.Tthe genital organ weight of albino rats was reduced significantly (P<0.05) after the treatment at 100 and 150 mg/kg doses of seed powder of S. xanthocarpum.for 30 days.The higher doses caused histopathological changes in the ovary and uterus leading to 100% control of fertility as no implants were recorded in treated female rats on the day 10th of pregnancy
Impact of water quality attributes and comparative study of icthyofaunal diversity of Asan lake and River Asan
Get PDFThe present study reported a total of 28 taxa with six families from Asan lake whereas only 18 taxa were reported from river Asan in Doon valley. The families identified were Cyprinidae, Chandadae, Belonidae, Cobitididae, Mastacembellidae, and Sisoridae. The impact of water quality parameters was quite evident on the fish diversity and density of Asan Lake and River Asan. Correlation between hydrological attributes showed good relationship in Asan lake and these parameters were found to be the most important variables in shaping fish assemblage.However, in River Asan the effect of physico-chemical factors were significant on fish diversity. The study showed that Asan lake supported considerable diversity of the fishes and is important for conservation. Its fish fauna is threatened being either vulnerable or endangered. The low fish diversity in river Asan indicated the disturbed habitat and ecological conditions of the river and the data generated from it would be useful for conservation planning and management and also for future assessment of this river