Journal of Applied and Natural Science
Not a member yet
2928 research outputs found
Sort by
Effect of different levels of customized fertilizer on soil nutrient availability, yield and economics of onion
Get PDFA field experiment was conducted to study the effect of different levels of customized fertilizer (CF) on soil nutrient availability, yield and economics of onion. The results revealed that the significantly highest plant height (57.77cm), stem diameter (6.03cm) and bulb diameter (15.13cm) at the time of harvest, fertilizer use efficiency,bulb yield (22.34 t ha-1) and benefit:cost ratio (2.56) of onion were recorded in 100 % recommended dose of NPK through CF in three equal split doses. The significantly highest available nitrogen (213 kg ha-1), phosphorus (14.42 kg ha-1) were recorded in 125 % recommended dose of NPK through CF in two equal split doses and available K (804 kg ha-1) in 100 % recommended dose of NPK through CF in three equal split doses over the rest of the other treatments. The application of 100% recommended dose of fertilizer (100:50:50 N:P2O5:K20 kg ha-1) either two or three splits through CF to onion appears to be improving soil fertility, yield and yield contributing character of onion and getting higher net monetary returns
Documentation of ethno-medicinal practices: A case study on tribal forest fringe dwellers of Terai West Bengal in India
Get PDFThe ethno-medicinal practices were documented which were being used by tribal population dwelling forest fringe areas of Terai zone of West Bengal, India on under exploited, non conventional, traditional and indigenous plant species for the sustainable utilization of these resources to cure day to day ailments. A total number of forty seven medicinal plant species belonging to 25 families were documented during the survey period 2012-13, which was used in curing many diseases. Among the families, Euphorbiaceae, Zingeberaceae and Leguminosae were the dominant families that represented four species each. Herb was the highest proportion of plant species 18 (38%) followed by 15 tree species (32%), 8 species of shrubs (17%) and rest were climbers and fern. It was observed that the tribal forest fringe communities of the Terai zone of the West Bengal have a good ethno-medicinal knowledge of using plant resources and developed their own traditional practices to cure day to day diseases
Vegetation indices mapping for Bhiwani district of Haryana (India) through LANDSAT-7ETM+ and remote sensing techniques
Get PDFThis study describes the VIs Vegetation Condition Index in term of vegetation health of wheat crop; with help of LANDSAT-7ETM+ data based NDVI and LAI for Bhiwani District of Haryana states (India) and gave the spatial development pattern of wheat crop in year 2005 over the study area of India. NDVI is found to vary from 0.3 to 0.8. In northern and southern parts of study area NDVI varied from 0.6 to 0.7 but in western part of Bhiwani showed NDVI 0.2 to 0.4 due to fertility of soil and well canal destitution. LAI showed variation from 1 to 6 accordingto the health of crop as the same manner of NDVI because LAI VI is NDVI dependent only change the manner of representation of vegetation health, due to this fact relation curve (r2=) between NDVI and LAI of four different growing date of sates are in successively increasing order 0.509, 0.563, 0.577 and 0.719. The study reveals that VIs can be mapped with LANDSAT-7ETM+ through remote sensing, which can be further used for many studies like crop yield or estimating evaptranspiration on regional basis for water management because satellite observations provide better spatial and temporal coverage, the VIs based system will provide efficient tools for monitoring health of crop for improvement of agricultural planning. VIs based monitoring will serve as a prototype in the other parts of the world where ground observations are limited or not available
Assessment of ecological health of Baiyangdian lake in China using ecological health index
Get PDFAn effective assessment of ecological health in aquatic ecosystems has become an important issue for researchers, policy-maker and environmentalist globally. The potential of thermodynamic oriented ecological indicators such as eco-exergy (Ex), structural eco-exergy (Exst), phytoplankton biomass (BA), and zooplankton biomass (ZA) in ecological assessment and management were used to calculate the ecological health and then correlated individually as well as multiply of Baiyangdian Lake located in the China. To establish a relationship between sub-EHI values of indicators to the overall EHI, data on thermodynamic indicators of the Baiyangdian lake were calculated from literature. The result indicates the ecological health of Baiyangdian lake is coming under the middle categories i.e. EHI= 40-60. A deeper analysis of the relationship between the thermodynamic parameters and EHI using mini tab software and the multiple regression revealed that the R2>0.9 for Baiyangdian Lake indicates that these correlations could be tentatively used to predict the ecological health of the Baiyangdian Lake in the future
Effect of seaweed saps on growth, yield, nutrient uptake and economic improvement of maize (sweet corn)
Get PDFA field experiment was conducted during the rabi season of 2012-13 at Research cum Instructional Farm of Indira Gandhi Krishi Vishwavidyalaya, Raipur (Chhattisgarh) to study the effects of seaweed saps on growth, yield, nutrient uptake and economic of maize (sweet corn) in Matasi soil of Chhattisgarh. The foliar spray of two different species (namely Kappaphycus and Gracilaria) was applied thrice at different interval of crop with different concentrations (0, 2.5, 5.0, 7.5, 10.0 and 15% v/v) of seaweed extracts. Foliar applications of seaweed extract significantly enhanced the growth, yield, nutrient uptake and B:C ratio parameters. The green cob yield (189.97 q ha-1) and fodder yield (345.19 q ha-1) were recorded highest under treatment (T8) 15% G Sap + recommended dose of fertilizer (RDF) which was significant similar with treatment 15% K Sap + RDF (185.24 q ha-1) in case of green cob yield. The highest N, P and K uptake by green cob and fodder were observed under 15% G Sap + RDF (T8). Treatment 15% G Sap + RDF (T8), recorded maximum gross return (Rs. 2,07,230 ha-1), net return (Rs. 1,38,756 ha-1) and B:C ratio (2.0), which was followed by treatment 15% K Sap + RDF (T4) with net return (Rs. 1,33,199 ha-1) and B:C ratio (1.95). Treatment 15% G Sap + RDF (T8) gave Rs. 45,996 ha-1 more as compared to Water spray + RDF (T9)
Bioefficacy of Bacillus subtilis against root knot nematode Meloidogyne incognita (Kofoid and White) Chitwood in tomato
Get PDFAn investigation was conducted for the management of root knot nematode Meloidogyne incognita (Kofoid and White) Chitwood infesting tomato through the application of bio-control agent like Bacillus subtilis, Trichoderma harzianum and Pseudomonas fluorescens. Experiment result revealed that minimum no. of galls/25seedlings (17.50) and maximum seedling height (27.6cm) were observed in Bacillus subtilis @50g/m2 in nursery bed + B. subtilis @ 5kg along with 2.5 tons of FYM/ ha. The highest weight/25seedlings (69.50g) was noticed in the B. subtilis @50g/m2 in nursery bed + B. subtilis 2.5kg along with 2.5 tons of FYM/ha. The highest growth of the plant at 45 DAT (49.2cm) and at harvest (81.2cm) and maximum fresh (711.3g) and dry weight (265g) was found in B. subtilis @50g/m2 in nursery bed + B. subtilis 2.5kg along with 2.5 tons of FYM/ha. B. subtilis @50g/m2 in nursery bed + B. subtilis 2.5kg along with 2.5 tons of FYM/ha exhibited lowest gall index (1.2/plant) and highest reduction of nematode population and provided highest yield of tomato fruits (335.75q/ha)
Molecular breeding for resilience in maize - A review
Get PDFAbiotic and biotic constraints have widespread yield reducing effects on maize and should receive high priority for maize breeding research. Molecular Breeding offers opportunities for plant breeders to develop cultivars with resilience to such diseases with precision and in less time duration. The term molecular breeding is used to describe several modern breeding strategies, including marker-assisted selection, marker-assisted backcrossing, marker-assisted recurrent selection and genomic selection. Recent advances in maize breeding research have made it possible to identify and map precisely many genes associated with DNA markers which include genes governing resistance to biotic stresses and genes responsible for tolerance to abiotic stresses. Marker assisted selection (MAS) allows monitoring the presence, absence of these genes in breeding populations whereas marker assisted backcross breeding effectively integrates major genes or quantitative trait loci (QTL) with large effect into widely grown adapted varieties. For complex traits where multiple QTLs control the expression, marker assisted recurrent selection (MARS) and genomic selection (GS) are employed to increase precision and to reduce cost of phenotyping and time duration. The biparental mapping populations used in QTL studies in MAS do not readily translate to breeding applications and the statistical methods used to identify target loci and implement MAS have been inadequate for improving polygenic traits controlled by many loci of small effect. Application of GS to breeding populations using high marker densities is emerging as a solution to both of these deficiencies. Hence, molecular breeding approaches offers ample opportunities for developing stress resilient and high-yielding maize cultivars
A study on dog bite incidence in Union Territory of Dadra & Nagar Haveli, India
Get PDFThe injuries caused by dog bites have grown to such epidemic proportions that they are now considered a major public health concern. The epidemiology of dog bites in the UT of Dadra & Nagar Haveli has been evaluated, for the year 2012. This assessment included victims age, sex, biting site and season of the year. During the study, a total of 938 dog bites, were reported from aforesaid place. Of all the dog bites reported, 39.6% victim belonged to age group upto 0-15 year (children) and 60.4% were more than 15 years old (adults). The majority of the incidents 40.8% occurred during the pre monsoon period (1-20 weeks). There was no case of rabies. There is a need to educate the public about the magnitude of dog-bite problems, enforce leash laws and impound stray dogs as an integral part of prevention programs
A study on communication behaviour of agricultural input users of Udham Singh Nagar district of Uttrakhand, India
Get PDFThis research aims to study the communication behaviour of the agricultural input users or farmers in order to find the deficiencies in this field with expectation to highlight the sources of information preferred and extent of extension agency contacts in the areas. Based on this, a strategy can be worked out to disseminate effective agricultural information to the farmers. The communication behavior in this study includes four variables i.e. mass media exposure, extension contacts, source of information and information satisfaction, covering both overt and covert behavioural components. This study was conducted at Udham Singh Nagar district of Uttrakhand state, where two villages namely; Chhinki and Deoria were selected randomly and from these villages, the data were collected with the help of semi structured interview schedule from randomly selected 160 respondents. The findings revealed that the most preferred (61.25%) personal localite communication sources for seeking information regarding agricultural practices were their neighbours or family members followed by local agricultural inputs sellers (13.75%). From personal cosmopolite sources, 51.87 % respondents were preferred to the representatives of the private companies followed by the agricultural university staffs (40%). The majority of respondents (83.75 %) were not associated with any membership in their social system followed by membership (16.25%). It has been reported that even after the sixty six years of independence farmers are still traditionalists, hardliners, shy and ignorant about the agricultural and overall development of the country
Development and evaluation of the retail cuts, yields and sensory properties of smoked grasscutter (Tryonomys swinderianus)
Get PDFThe study was carried out to develop retail cuts, evaluate the effect of the method of pelage (removal/scalding) on the yield and organoleptic quality of smoked grasscutter (Tryonomys swinderianus). Sixteen grass cutters were purchased from Abico bush meat market in Benin City, Nigeria. The pelages were removed by water and fire scalding. Some were brined in 15% salt solution for 3 hrs while others were not. The carcasses were cut into seven retail cuts. All samples were smoke-dried for 6 hrs. Sensory evaluation was done by a 12-man panelusing a 5-point hedonic scale. The results showed that there were significant differences (P<0.05) in the yield of fresh salted and non-salted grass cutter samples. There was also significant difference (P<0.05) in the smoked yield of salted smoked grasscutter with WSS giving the highest yield of 1.03 kg. The method of pelage removal did not have any significant effect (P>0.05) but there was significant effects in the smoked yields. Sensory evaluation showed significant differences (P<0.05) in the colour, tenderness, juiciness, flavor and overall acceptability. Salted samples had the highest scores all organoleptic properties. It was recommended that further studies be carried out to evaluate the effects of salting and smoking on economic and sensory parameters of other sources of bush meat in Nigeria