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Palatal Expansion and its Effects in Orthodontics
Get PDFPalatal expansion has a unique role in dentofacial therapy. The rapid Maxillary expansion which is a type of skeletal expansion involves the opening of the mid-palatal suture and movement of the palatal shelves away from each other. Selection of appropriate appliance should be made by preparing a list of criteria depending on the biomechanical requirements of RME. Rapid expansion affects the maxillary complex, palatal vaults, maxillary teeth, adjacent periodontal structures to get desired expansion in the maxillary arch. Maxillary transverse deficiency in adults is a malocclusion of relatively high prevalence in orthodontics. The rapid maxillary expansion (RME) surgically assisted is considered the preferred procedure to correction of this alteration in patients skeletally mature. This review discusses the types of palatal expansion and skeletal and soft tissue effects of palatal expansion
An Insight into Space Weather
Get PDFThe present article gives a brief overview of space weather and its drivers. The space weather is of immense importance for the spaceborne and ground-based technological systems. The satellites, the power grids, telecommunication and in severe conditions the human lives are at risk. The article covers the effects of solar transient activities (e.g. Solar flares, Coronal mass ejections and Solar winds etc.) and their consequences on the Earth’s atmosphere. The space weather is the change in the conditions of interplanetary space because of the solar transient activities. We also discussed the importance of the solar wind which is a continuous flow of the charged energy particles from the Sun to the Earth in respect of the space weather. This article also put light on the Sun-Earth connection and effects of the space weather on it. The Earth’s magnetosphere, formed by the interaction of solar wind and Earth’s magnetic field behaves like a shield for the Earth against the solar wind
Size-dependent Optical Response of Magneto-plasmonic Core-shell Nanoparticles
Get PDFFunctional properties tunability prospect of multi-layered and multi-metallic nanoparticles with respect to their emerging applications has always been the area of attraction. Magneto-plasmonic nanoparticles (MPNPs) present the possibility to exhibit their tuneable magnetic and optical properties with broad applications in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), cancer therapy, photovoltaic solar cells, biological microscopy, optical imaging, and biosensing. Present studies found that the optical properties (absorption and scattering efficiencies) of MPNPs using Fe, Co and Ni as magnetic materials coated with single noble metal (Au or Ag) or double (both Au & Ag) coating layer, can be effectively tuned with the controlled size of core and shell layers. It is found that absorption and scattering LSPR peaks occur in Ultraviolet (UV) and visible region of EM for single core-shell MNP@Ag nanoparticles respectively. The absorption LSPR are found in the visible region, and scattering LSPR found in NIR region and also get blue shifted for single core-shell of MNP@Au nanospheres. In case of double core-shell layers of MNP@Ag@Au nanoparticles, the absorption and scattering peaks show spectra in visible and NIR region of EM spectrum and the absorption LSPR peak shifts visible to UV region and scattering LSPR are found in NIR region with broadening peaks of EM spectrum. It is concluded that the LSPR peak depends upon the thickness of the shell, size of core and material. The shifting of optical peaks towards the longer wavelengths depends on gold shell thickness whereas optical efficiencies depend on silver (as core or shell) thickness
Scanning Transmission Electron Microscopy for Polymer Blends
Get PDFPhysical properties of the polymer can be altered by mixing one or more polymers together also known as polymer blending. The miscibility of polymers is a key parameter in determining the properties of polymer blend. Conventional transmission electron microscopy (CTEM) plays a critical role in determining the miscibility and morphology of the polymers in blend system. One of the most difficult part in polymer microscopy is the staining by heavy metals to generate contrast in CTEM. RuO4 and OsO4 are commonly used to stain the polymer materials for CTEM imaging. CTEM imaging is difficult to interpret for blends due to lack of clear distinction in contrast. Apart from having difficulty in contrast generation, staining procedures are extremely dangerous as improper handling could severely damage skin, eyes, lungs etc. We have used scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM) to image polymer blends without any staining processes. In current work, Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene (ABS)/Methacrylate Butadiene Styrene (MBS) and Styrene Acrylonitrile (SAN) along with filler additive were dispersed on Polycarbonate (PC) matrix and studied by STEM/HAADF (high angle annular dark field). By using HAADF, contrast was generated through molecular density difference to differentiate components in the blend
Occlusion and Severe Stenosis Identification in Arterial System
Get PDFIn the present work, an appropriate method allowing accurate determinations of the position of arterial severe stenosis and full obstruction in the arterial vessels has been developed. This method requires measurements of instantaneous flow velocity and arterial radius at two sites in the arterial tree. The accuracy of the present method for different hemodynamic conditions has been examined. Numerical simulation and Womersley theory of the present model have been investigated. Realistic condition of hemodynamic parameters with noise has been simulated. Also, the effects of stenosis severities and the sites of occlusion have been considered. The results of present work show the location of stenosis and occlusion can be obtained by reasonable accuracy
A New Multidisciplinary Journal; International Annals of Science
Get PDFThe launch of International Annals of Science is motivated primarily by the rapid advances in cross-disciplinary research. International Annals of Science will serve as a forum for novel research featuring interdisciplinary and multidisciplinary areas across Physical Science, Chemical Science, Life Science, Computer Science, Environmental Science, Earth Science, Mathematics, and Engineering. This journal will follow the article-based publishing model with two volumes per year, which allows immediate publication of the final version of the article without waiting for other articles to be compiled into a full issue
Welcome to Journal of Modern Materials: A New Open Access Journal for International Exchange of Scientific Research
Get PDFI am inviting you to submit your original research articles to the Journal of Modern Materials and hope that with time Journal of Modern Materials will become a premier publication for materials research worldwide. This goal can be achieved with the cooperation of our editorial team, reviewers, and authors to publish such a high-quality original research that attracts attention. We warmly welcome authors to submit their research papers in the inaugural issue of this journal that is truly international in the scope which aims to publish manuscripts from all over the world
Complex Permeability Measurements in a Nanocrystalline Toroidal Core
Get PDFIn the design of power electronic converters, the choice of the suitable magnetic alloys and the measurement of the variations of their magnetic properties versus the temperature are fundamental issues. A theoretical model based on Neel theory that takes into account wall displacement and coherent rotation is elaborated to derive the expression of the complex permeability versus the frequency. The static and the dynamic behaviour has been considered in this model. The dependence of temperature is implicit in this model, i.e. the parameters involved in the expression of the complex permeability may depend on the temperature. An impedance analyser has been used to measure the open circuit and short circuit complex impedances of a toroidal core versus the frequency at several temperatures ranging from 20°C to 180°C. The complex permeability of the material is then deduced. Finally, the theoretical model is used to identify the domain susceptibility and the anisotropy energy of the materials. The effect of temperature on these parameters is analyzed. The results obtained are valuable for the design of power electronic converters from the magnetic and thermal viewpoints, which prove the need for the combination of heat transfer and magnetic mechanisms at the design
Carbon Nanotube Structure Vibration Based on Non-local Elasticity
Get PDFThis manuscript investigates the bending vibration dynamic of a single walled carbon nanotube (SWCNT) based on the theory of non-local elasticity. Fundamental natural frequencies and mode shapes of the SWCNT are computed by using a semi-analytical procedure called differential quadrature method (DQM), which gives accurate results in reference with the exact solution
Studies in Silicone-Polyether Ketone Blend Based High Performance Coating
Get PDFSilicone polymer although have some exceptional superior properties have limitations when it is exposed to harsh chemicals. Poly Ether Ketone (PEK), a high-performance polymer is well known for its resistance towards acid, alkali and many solvents. PEK exhibits good environmental protection with better thermal stability. In the present study, the coatings were prepared using varying ratios of silicone and Poly Ether Ketone (PEK) to study the effect of concentration of PEK on mechanical, chemical, thermal and performance properties. The clear coatings of Silicone/PEK cured films were characterized for TGA, FTIR and evaluated for thermal resistance, corrosion resistance, resistance to 10% acid, alkali, sodium chloride, detergent solution and humidity resistance. The coating films were found to be stable up to 450 °C as indicated by TGA analysis. It is seen that the performance of silicone / PEK coating films increases with increasing concentration of PEK