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Factors Associated with Children Ever Born: A Case Study of Somadi Village Development Committee of Palpa District, Nepal
Get PDFFertility is one of the three principal components of population dynamics that determine the size, structure, and composition of the population in any country. Children ever born refer to the number of children born alive to the person up to a specified reference date. It includes children who have died since birth. This study aims to identify the socioeconomic and demographic factors influencing Children Ever Born (CEB) to the women of Somadi village development committee (VDC) of Palpa district of Nepal. This study is entirely based on primary data collected using convenience sampling through questionnaire methods. A representative sample of size 298 married women was taken for the study using proportionate sampling from the different ethnic groups. The result of the study shows that the factors age at marriage, occupation of husband and knowledge of contraceptive/family planning have statistically significant role for varying CEB among the women under study. The result of the study compels to recommend that various awareness programs should be conducted about the use of contraceptive/family planning and to stop practice of early marriage among the women to reduce the higher fertility. The factors ‘knowledge of contraceptive/family planning’, ‘occupation of husband’ and ‘age at marriage’ are seen to have very significant impact for explaining the children ever born (CEB) to the women of Somadi VDC of Palpa district of Nepal
Television and Content Censorship: The Impact of Violent Content on the Developmental Stages in the Personality of the Nigerian Child
Get PDFErik Erikson’s theorization of the psychosocial developmental stages of humans, reveal the fragility of children with special attention to their biological and psychosocial characterization. The adolescent age is the period where the child is adventurous, curious and eager to explore, as he becomes fascinated with the media and begins to try out behaviours and lifestyles of his opinion leaders. The Nigerian child is more or less enthralled about foreign movies, shows and musical videos characterized by violence, thuggery, gangsterism, drug abuse, obscenity, and even promiscuity which are sometimes too much information for him to handle given his developing, immature and fragile psychology which makes it easy for these contents to influence his behaviour in every stage of his personality development as he is exposed to them. This Too Much Information (TMI) seems to be a product of media imperialism as local television contents in Nigeria, camouflaged in the concept of Americanisation and westernisation and devoid of censorship, are persistently consumed by adolescents in Nigeria. Hinged on Erikson’s theory of personality developmental stages in a child and Bandura’s social learning theory, this paper employs secondary data and a critical document analysis of previous research works to objectively opine and conclude that exposure to too much information (violent contents) on television can influence the psychosocial development of the personality of the Nigerian child
The Launch of “Advanced Journal of Graduate Research”
Get PDFAdvanced Journal of Graduate Research (AJGR) is Published by “AIJR (India): an online open access journal publisher”. This journal has been established to enable a wide academic community to access important and exciting research carried out by university students. AJGR aims to disseminate research activity undertaken by Bachelor and Master program students as a part of their dissertation/project report. This initiative will help university students to embed globally in the research cultures of their disciplines with the potential to benefit both students and the wider academic community
Orthodontic Appliances and Esthetics
Get PDFFacial attractiveness plays a key role in orthodontic treatment. The esthetics of a patient may be hindered by wearing of orthodontic appliances. Recently, the orthodontic market has experienced phenomenal growth in the development and production of orthodontic appliances that are designed to appeal to the patient consumer. Traditionally, the options for bracket style or appliance design were considerably limited for both the patient and provider. However, a shifting paradigm toward dental esthetics, increased demand for orthodontic treatment, consumer driven desire of esthetic treatment alternatives, and a competitive orthodontic industry and profession have all contributed to the development and production of alternative orthodontic appliances and new bracket styles. Orthodontic patients and practitioners are now presented with a variety of treatment options previously unavailable. Just as each orthodontic appliance is unique in its esthetic qualities, each also has biomechanical benefits and potential limitations. For a practitioner providing bracket options for patients, selecting which bracket to offer becomes a function of both esthetics and functionality, the one will be esthetically acceptable to the patient and clinically efficient for the doctor. Though many studies have sought to compare and quantify the clinical efficiency of bracket systems, few studies have investigated the patient perception of appliance esthetics. This review discusses various aspects of orthodontic appliances relating to the esthetics of an individual
Design and Analysis of Bamboo Stick Cutting Machine
Get PDFAs the modern trend is approaching more towards handcrafted art and natural artifacts, the demand for such hand-crafted arts has increased tremendously. To meet this increasing market demand there is always a need for advancement in the conventional production techniques to counterbalance the ever-increasing market demand for such handcrafted arts. India is known for many cottage industries and handicrafts designs but still, continuous efforts are required to design and produce unique handicrafts to satisfy the customer demands. In most of the large-scale industries, production is achieved with the help of machines but whereas in small-scale production, the man force is a must to carry out the entire production manually which results in the increased workload on workers which ultimately affect production rate as well as quality. To overcome this and to minimize the stress on the worker, an attempt has been made to design a bamboo stick making machine, which is simple in design and even can be handled by unskilled labor. The designed Bamboo cutting machine is mainly used to cut the bamboo into required shapes which are used in small-scale industries to prepare ice cream sticks or incense sticks. Our main concern is to avoid the manual operation of cutting bamboo which is time-consuming. The cutting operation is achieved by using a pair of spur gears and rollers
Effect of Biochar Application and Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Inoculation on Root Colonization and Soil Chemical Properties
Get PDFField experiment was carried out in 2013 and 2014 to investigate the effects of biochar application and arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) inoculation on AM root colonization and selected soil chemical properties of two tomato genotypes. The experiment was laid out in a split-split plot arrangement with two tomato genotypes in the main plots, five rates of biochar applied in the sub plots and two levels of AMF inoculation in the sub-sub plots. Data were subjected to analysis of variance and significant means separated using Duncan’s Multiple Range Test (P<0.05). The results indicated that mycorrhizal inoculation had little or no influence on AM root colonization, soil organic carbon, soil pH and available phosphorus. Application of 20 t ha-1 of biochar significantly increased (P< 0.05) soil pH and available P compared with the control while 10 t ha-1 and 15 t ha-1 of biochar produced higher organic carbon than other rates. In conclusion, biochar increased soil pH but was not high enough as to have detrimental effect on soil properties. It is, therefore, recommended that biochar with very strongly alkaline pH should only be used in soil with low pH for improvement of soil chemical and AM root colonization
Forward Time Centered Space Scheme for the Solution of Transport Equation
Get PDFTransport phenomenon is central for understanding many procedures in numerous sciences, transport phenomena can be described by the partial differential equation. Forward Time Centered Space scheme give ample numerical solutions of the transport equation. In this paper, we apply Forward Time Centered Space scheme to solve a non-trivial transport problem using different step sizes of time (t) and space (x). We use MATLAB software to get the numerical results. The numerical simulation presents that the FTCS scheme is more stable and closer to the exact solution when we decrease step sizes of t, x and more and more
Mean Rate of Gully Head Advancement in Edo State, Nigeria
Get PDFThe issue of gully erosion is of major concern in Nigeria. The study was carried out in Edo state, Southern Nigeria. Edo State was chosen as the study area due to the fact that the magnitude of gully erosion has resulted in the loss of lives and properties, destruction of arable lands and wastage of large areas of usable land. In this study, an effort was made to identify the major gully sites in the area and determined the mean rate of gully head advancement. The result revealed that gullies in Edo North had mean rate of head advancement of 80.30 meters per a year, Edo South 52.03 meters per a year and Edo Central is 17.80 meters per year
Preparation and Characterization of Carbon Nanotube Deposited Carbon Fiber Reinforced Epoxy Matrix Multiscale Composites
Get PDFIn this study, desized carbon fibers were coated with carbon nanotubes using two diverse coating techniques, i.e. dip coating and spray up process, while the factors affecting the coating techniques were investigated. The morphological study revealed better nanotube coating on carbon fibers from dip coating technique as compared to spray up process. Later, nanotube-coated fibers from dip coating were impregnated with epoxy to fabricate multiscale carbon fiber reinforced epoxy matrix composites. The nanotubes on fiber surface were expected to improve the interlaminar shear properties of the multiscale composites. According to short beam shear testing, 14% increase in interlaminar shear strength was observed in composite containing nanotubes as compared to reference composite. Microscopic observation under optical and electron microscopes confirmed the void-free impregnation of fibers with epoxy along with the presence of nanotubes on fibers and in matrix in the vicinity of fibers. Finally, the mechanisms involving the enhanced interlaminar properties were identified and discussed
Investigation of Mechanical Properties of Sisal Fiber Reinforced Polymer Composites
Get PDFThe aim of this work is to study the influence of sisal fiber content on mechanical (i.e. tensile, flexural, impact, hardness and abrasion resistance) and thermal (i.e. TGA) properties of composites by varying the fiber and epoxy percentage. The composite was prepared by melt-mixing method, followed by compression molding process. The percentage of sisal fiber is varied from 4% to 10% in steps of 2%. Similarly epoxy content is varied from 96% to 90% in steps of 2%. Detailed mechanical Properties of Sisal Fiber Reinforced Polymer Composites have been studied. The major mechanical properties viz Tensile, Hardness, Impact, Flexural, Moisture absorption, and Moisture content are studied