Directory of Open Access Books (DOAB)
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Human Trafficking and Sexual Exploitation around the World
No full textSex work is often called the oldest profession in the world. It manifests itself in a plethora of forms. A move to private locations is now taking place: contacts are established via the Internet and meetings take place at appointed places. This makes it more difficult to monitor forced work, and exploitation therefore risks remaining undetected. This book presents empirical findings regarding exploitation in various countries, considering sex workers, traffickers and clients, and the fight against human trafficking. Countries differ vastly in their legislative approaches, ranging from highly repressive to very liberal. This volume asks whether the ongoing process of making and changing laws is sufficiently effective in fighting human trafficking. Other interventions could obtain better outcomes, such as promoting more independence among women and helping trafficked individuals to get out. Less ideology and more attention to the facts of exploitation and sex work might help to achieve these aims
Children in Migration and International Family Law
No full textThis open access book offers readers a better understanding of the legal situation of children and families migrating to the EU. Shedding light on the legal, practical, and political difficulties at the intersection of international family law and migration law, it demonstrates that enhanced coordination between these policy areas is crucial to improving the legal situation of families on the move. It not only raises awareness of these “interface” issues and the need for stakeholders in migration law and international family law to collaborate closely, but also identifies deficits in the statutory framework and suggests possible remedies in the form of interpretation and regulatory measures. The book is part of the EU co-financed FAMIMOVE project and includes contributions from international experts, who cover topics such as guardianship, early marriage, age assessment, and kafala from a truly European perspective. The authors’ approach involves a rigorous analysis of the relevant statutory framework, case law, and academic literature, with particular attention given to the best interest of the child in all its facets. The book examines how this principle can be more effectively applied and suggests ways to foster a more fruitful understanding of its regulatory potential. Given its scope and focus, the book will be of interest to researchers, scholars, and practitioners of Private International Law, Family Law, and Migration Law. It makes a valuable contribution to these fields, particularly at their often-overlooked intersections
The Routledge Companion to the Sound of Space
No full textThis companion explores a range of conceptual and practical relationships between sound and space across various disciplines, providing insights from technical, creative, cultural, political, philosophical, psychological, and physiological perspectives. The content spans a wide range of spatial typologies, from large reverberant buildings to modest and intimate ones, from external public squares to domestic interiors, and from naturally formed environments to highly engineered spaces. These compiled insights and observations explore the vast diversity of ways in which sonic and spatial realms interact.
This publication therefore forms important bridges between the intricate and diverse topics of technology, philosophy, composition, performance, and spatial design, to contemplate the potential of sound and space as tools for creative expression and communication, as well as for technical innovation. It is hoped that by sharing these insights, this book will inspire practitioners, scholars, and enthusiasts to incorporate new perspectives and methodologies into their own work.
Through a rich blend of theory, practice, and critical reflection, this volume serves as a valuable resource for anyone interested in exploring the intricacy of relationships between space and sound, whether they are students, professionals, or simply curious. Our companion provides a cross-section through shared territories between sonic and spatial disciplines from architecture, engineering, sound design, music composition and performance, urban design, product design, and much more
Global Maritime Military Strategy, 1980–2023
No full textThis open access book is an ambitious study about how to use comparative methods to analyze contemporary military strategy in the maritime domain. Based on the three strategic concepts of area denial, sea control and power projection, this book analyzes the intensive conventional capabilities of six major powers’ military strategies. These include the United States, the United Kingdom and Japan, the so-called ‘sea powers,’ and Russia, China and India, which are usually recognized as ‘land-powers.’Through the analysis, this book aims to accomplish the following three main objectives: 1. To reconsider the basic concepts of maritime military strategic studies, which have not changed for almost one hundred years, and to propose a new analytical framework based on the following three elements—as well as verifying the appropriateness of this framework. a. The capability with which a country can deny military threat against its territory through the maritime domain within the geographic theater, i.e., roughly one thousand to two thousand kilometers from its coastline (area denial). b. The capability with which a country can obtain military superiority or disrupt an adversary’s military superiority in the open ocean (sea control). c. The capability with which a country can project military power from the maritime domain to other countries’ territories, accomplishing military strategic objectives (power projection). 2. To verify the six major powers’ long-term military strategic objectives, for example, whether the country aims to enhance its power in the maritime domain, or to project its military power to the other countries/areas beyond the maritime domain; to do this by analyzing each country’s force building directions. In addition, this book assesses each country’s capability for high-intensive conflict and unravels each security/military strategic objectives.3. By examining the strategic objectives of major powers, this book may contribute to establishing Japan’s future defense strategy
Erwachsene Menschen in prekären Lebenslagen
No full textDas vorliegende Werk ist der zweite Teil einer Buchreihe, in der verschiedene prekäre Lebenslagen mit unterschiedlichen Lebensphasen in Relation gesetzt werden. Die spezifischen Bewältigungsaufgaben im Erwachsenenalter der betroffenen Menschen werden aus sozialarbeiterischer Perspektive sowohl theoretisch als auch praxisorientiert gerahmt, um eine Verbindung von prekären Lebensverhältnissen im Erwachsenenalter mit entsprechenden Handlungsfeldern der Sozialen Arbeit herzustellen. Auf diese Weise entstehen vielfältige und höchst unterschiedliche Einblicke ins Themenfeld, die in und von der Sozialen Arbeit genutzt werden können
Chapter 11 Everyday Engagements with the BBC Across Leave and Remain Identities, Drawing on Survey Analysis, Ethnographic Interviews, and Ethnographic Case Studies
No full textThis is the first interdisciplinary edited collection that examines the manifestation of social inequalities and polarisations in Britain throughout the dual crises of the Brexit vote and the Covid-19 pandemic. The volume demonstrates that Brexit and the pandemic are not self-contained events but rather are major ongoing processes that have impacted all aspects of British social and political life. Drawing on an array of empirical case studies conducted in the wake of the Brexit vote and during pandemic lockdowns, chapters trace how these processes illuminate, consolidate, and amplify existing and entrenched social inequalities and polarisations that shape the fabric of British society, including racial, ethnic, class, migrant, national, and gendered inequalities. The volume is divided into three parts centred on (a) the nation; (b) the community; and (c) the media. Each section draws on diverse analytical frameworks and methodological approaches from across the social sciences, arts, and humanities to provide empirically grounded critiques of reductive media-led narratives with the goal of accounting for and explaining the reproduction of social inequalities and emergence of polarisations in these Brexit pandemic times. In so doing, the case studies include critical analysis of lockdown novels; the speeches of political elites from across the political spectrum; ‘ordinary’ people’s everyday traditional and social media practices; as well as their opinions based on the findings of large-scale surveys and in-depth place-based ethnographic fieldwork conducted across rural, urban, and suburban areas of England. Each chapter also includes artwork by contemporary artist Helen Snell that complements, develops, and extends the book’s core themes and arguments.This collection will be insightful reading for students and academics across the social sciences, arts, and humanities (especially from the disciplines of sociology, politics, social anthropology, human geography, sociolinguistics, contemporary art, and literature) concerned with questions of social inequality and polarisation
Conflict and Colonialism in 21st Century Romantic Historical Fiction
No full textThis book explores how postmillennial Anglophone women writers use romantic narrativisations of history to explore, revise, repurpose and challenge the past in their novels, exposing the extent to which past societies were damaging to women by instead imagining alternative histories. The novelists discussed employ the generic conventions of romance to narrate their understanding of historical and contemporary injustice and to reflect upon women’s achievements and the price they paid for autonomy and a life of public purpose. The volume seeks, firstly, to discuss the work of revision or reparation being performed by romantic historical fiction and, secondly, to analyse how the past is being repurposed for use in the present. It contends that the discourses and genre of romance work to provide a reparative reading of the past, but there are limitations and entrenched problems in such readings
Chapter 5 Climate migration and Tokelauan language endangerment
No full textThe Routledge Handbook of Translation and Migration explores the practices and attitudes surrounding migration and translation, aiming to redefine these two terms in light of their intersections and connections. The volume adopts an interdisciplinary and transnational perspective, highlighting the broad scope of migration and translation as not only linguistic and geographical phenomena, but also cultural, social, artistic, and psychological processes. The nexus between migration and translation, the central concern of this Handbook, challenges limited conceptualisations of identity and belonging, thereby also exposing the limitations of monolingual, monocultural models of nationhood. Through a diverse range of approaches and methodologies, individual chapters investigate specific historical circumstances and illustrate the need for an intersectional approach to questions of language access and language mediation. With its range of approaches and case studies, the volume highlights the inherently political nature of translation and its potential to shape social and cultural inclusion, emphasising the crucial role of language and translation in informing professional practices, institutional policies, educational approaches and community attitudes towards migration. By bringing together perspectives from both researchers and creative practitioners, this book makes an innovative contribution to ongoing global discussions on linguistic hospitality and diversity, ideal for those pursing postgraduate and doctoral studies in translation studies, linguistics, international studies and cultural studies
Citizens’ Observatories on Geohazards
No full textThis open access book shows how citizens' involvement in geohazard risks prevention can strengthen regional and national risk management systems, to demonstrate a new form of engagement between civil society and local authorities. The lessons learned in in this book, where the local communities were engaged to actively participate in risk preparedness and monitoring and incorporate local capacities into risk management systems, are reported. A cooperation and resource platform on geohazards risk assessment, preparedness, mitigation, and prevention was used as interface between the citizens and the risk management system. A more efficient uptake of Copernicus data, products, and services on regional level is discussed, to improve geohazard risk prevention and resilience to natural disasters. Recommendations for the creation of future observatories in response to the widest range of hazards (both natural and human-induced) in Europe and in the world are provided
Chapter 3 Nothing as practical as an analytical strategy in realist evaluation
No full textRealist Evaluation: Principles and Practice offers a comprehensive exploration of contemporary realist evaluation, showcasing how skilled practitioners navigate diverse fieldwork contexts. Authored by experts spanning academia and evaluation backgrounds across five continents in fields including climate change, criminology, health, and international development, the book provides a rich tapestry of perspectives. Covering participatory approaches, digital and visual data collection, interpreter-mediated interviews, and innovative methods like refuse data analysis, the authors delve into contemporary social research methodologies while addressing issues such as power, insider/outsider research, the nature of evidence, critical and scientific realism philosophies of science, and confirmation bias in qualitative research. Practical advice is provided in areas such as developing a topic guide, combining a realist review with an evaluation, and managing large, multi-site cross-national projects. This collection underscores the creative nature of the realist imagination, highlighting ongoing innovations by scholars and evaluators. With contributions from an outstanding group of internationally renowned experts in realist evaluation including Nick Tilley, a key figure in the development of realist evaluation alongside Ray Pawson, this is the ideal text for students, researchers and professionals including policy makers, professional evaluators, and those at organisations such as thinktanks and NGOs, who require an accessible guide on how to use realist evaluation methods