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Novel weakness multivariate quadratic structures detected within Macaulay Matrix
Get PDFThe security of a Multivariate Public-Key Cryptosystem (MPKC) is based on the hard mathematical problem of solving Multivariate Quadratic (MQ) equations over finite fields, also known as the MQ problem. An MPKC has the potential to be a post-quantum cryptosystem. In this paper, we identify new weaknesses in the Macaulay matrix identified via Wang's technique, which was initially designed for solving multivariate quadratic equation systems. This new weakness occurs in the case of random coefficients in any column vector for different variables of monomials and random coefficients are assigned to other monomials. The weakness is exposed through the use of Gaussian elimination to obtain a univariate equation. We illustrate our findings using a random example
Kemampanan dan agensi jadi fokus baharu dasar makanan negara
Get PDFSERDANG, 11 Jun- Sesi Plenari 6 bertajuk Isu dan Cabaran Pelaksanaan Dasar Keterjaminan Makanan Negara sempena Persidangan Keterjaminan dan Sekuriti Makanan 2025 di Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM) memberi tumpuan kepada strategi memperkukuh dasar makanan negara dalam mendepani perubahan iklim, tekanan geopolitik dan gaya hidup rakyat yang berubah
The impact of air pressure on performance, combustion behavior, and emissions of an air-assisted port fuel injection HCCI engine
Get PDFLow-temperature combustion is achieved through homogeneous charge compression ignition (HCCI), which lowers the emission of nitrogen oxides (NOx) associated with diesel engines. HCCI combustion faces various obstacles, including combustion phasing, high hydrocarbon (HC) emissions, a limited operation range, and homogeneous mixture preparation. This research aims to compare the influence of air pressure in an air-assisted injector on performance, combustion behavior, and emissions. The experiment was conducted at an intake temperature of 50oC, speed of 2100 RPM and air pressures of 3,4 and 5 bar. Intake air was heated in an intake pipe heater, and an air regulator regulated the air pressure. An air assist pressure of 5 bar resulted in the highest brake thermal efficiency, ranging from 20.5% to 23.3%. For brake-specific fuel consumption, an air pressure 3 bar produced higher values ranging from 410.8 g/kWh to 500.8 g/kWh. The in-cylinder pressure for 3,4 and 5 bar pressure exceeds 80 bar at 25% load. Air pressure of 4 bar recorded the lowest HC, ranging from 50 to 75 ppm. For NOx emission, 3 bar air pressure showed the lowest levels, ranging from 8 to 12 ppm across the tested loads. The highest carbon monoxide (CO) percentage was recorded at 5 bar air pressure at 20% load with a CO value of 0.53%. At 20% and 25% load, the combustion profile displayed a three-stage ignition process, indicating the occurrence of diffusive combustion
UPM terima stadium baharu piawai antarabangsa
Get PDFSERDANG, 19 Jun - Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM) menerima stadium baharu yang telah dinaiktaraf untuk kemudahan serta keselamatan pelajar mengikut piawai antarabangsa semalam
UPM galak kakitangan terus aktif dan sihat
Get PDFSERDANG, 20 Jun – Program PUTRASihat: Senamrobik Perdana dan 10,000 Langkah Siri 2 terus memberi dorongan kepada staf Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM) untuk mengamalkan gaya hidup sihat dan aktif menerusi gabungan aktiviti senamrobik serta berjalan kaki sejauh 10,000 langkah
UPM rangkul Anugerah Teknologi Terbaik ROBOCON 2025
Get PDFBATU PAHAT, 20 Jun – Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM) terus mengukir nama dalam bidang teknologi dan kejuruteraan apabila memenangi Anugerah Teknologi Terbaik pada Pertandingan ROBOCON 2025 yang berlangsung dengan tema “Robot Basketball”
UPM tukar nama Kampus Bintulu kepada UPMS, perkukuh peranan dalam pertanian di Malaysia Timur
Get PDFSHAH ALAM, 30 Jun – Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM) hari ini mengumumkan penukaran nama Kampus Bintulu kepada Universiti Putra Malaysia Sarawak (UPMS) yang disempurnakan oleh Tuanku Canselor UPM, Duli Yang Maha Mulia Sultan Sharafuddin Idris Shah di sini, hari ini
The effects of two-week fungal-based essence in healthy Malaysian adults: a pilot randomized controlled trial
Get PDFDespite many edible fungi being claimed to be potential sources of functional food, clinical trials on the effect of fungal-based essence on cognitive function are generally7 lacking. This study aims to determine the effect of a commercialized fungal-based essence on general health, perceived stress, and fatigue levels, derived from their questionnaire-based perception after the consumption of fungi extract. Methods: This study conducted a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial on healthy Malaysian adult volunteers using the hot water extraction of five edible fungi species, i.e., Boletus edulis, cordyceps militaris, Ganoderma lucidum, Hericium Erinaceus, and Lentinula edodes. 40 participants were allocated to 3:1 ratio to receive fungal-based essence and chicken essence. The questionnaire was carried out at baseline and on day 14, with data from 40 participants being analysed; while the 10-people control group were given with Chicken Essence. Results:The T-test analysis showed that the ingestion of fungal-based essence improved general health,lowered down perceived stress, and reduced fatigue levels significantly in both the test and control groups. Conclusion: Our findings support the consistent uptake of fungal-based essence could be effective for the improvement of general health, and overcoming stress, as well as a promising candidate for use as an anti-fatigue food
Dynamic modelling of oil and water molecules of methylcellulose-coated fried potato during and in the post-frying condition
Get PDFThis work investigated the migration of the oil and water molecules in methylcellulose (MC)-coated and uncoated potatoes during and after the deep-frying process. The research aimed to understand how the MC layer prevented the oil uptake due to water migration from the substrate to cooking oil along the frying process using molecular dynamic modelling techniques and validated by the experimental work. During the frying process, the diffusion coefficient from the mean square displacement (MSD) value of water in the frying oil, Dw, at the interfacial of MC-coated showed a greater value compared to the uncoated ones with a diffusion coefficient of 1.08 and 0.63 (10-4 cm2/s), respectively. In the post-frying process, the Dw in the cooling frying oil was 0.94 and 0.08 (10-4cm2/s), respectively. Both coated and uncoated layers provide intense water flux against the oil penetration along the process. A consistently low diffusion coefficient of oil into starch, Do of 0.14 and 0.13 (10-4 cm2/s), was noticed during and in the post-frying process. Meanwhile, lower diffusion coefficient Dw values in uncoated samples were not caused by oil penetration but due to the large amounts of trapped surface oil known as structural oil in the crust layer. The evidence was shown by low Do in the uncoated potato's region with a diffusion coefficient during and after the frying process of 0.35 and 0.07 (10-4 cm2/s), respectively. The phenomenon was proven in the experimental work whereby more significant pore areas were noticed in uncoated ones compared with the MC-coating substrate of 25107 vs 24000 mm2, respectively, at various MC concentrations. Both the model and the experimental results agree on the significant trend of oil uptake reduction, as the MC layer promotes sufficient water flux out from the fried substrate to prevent oil penetration into the starch along the frying process