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Riding the Digital Waves: Readiness of Small Entrepreneurs in Adopting Digital Technologies
Get PDFMalaysia business environment was predominantly made up of small and medium enterprises (SMEs), which indicates a total of 1,151,339 SMEs that represent 97.2 percent of total business establishments. The SMEs created employment accounted for 7.25 million workforces, which indicates 48 percent of total employment in the year 2020. The unexpected outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic has presented a notable challenge for numerous SMEs, particularly in developing nations that have been slower in implementing digitalization strategies. Without exception, SMEs in Malaysia are currently facing ongoing challenges in their efforts to undertake digital transformation. Despite the considerable advantages derived from the digitised economy, small and financially constrained SMEs continued to lag due to internal resource and information deficiencies, skills gaps, and challenges related to securing financing. Hence, this study aims to investigate the digital transformation phenomenon and the challenges faced by SMEs following the COVID-19 pandemic so that the government can provide the necessary support for SMEs’ digital transformatio
Pembangunan Instrumen Taqwa bagi Etika Kerja Islam dari Perspektif Al-Quran
Get PDFEtika kerja yang baik menjadi pemangkin kepada kejayaan sesebuah organisasi. Etika kerja berupaya membentuk staf yang efisyen, efektif, cemerlang dan berintegriti tinggi. Kertas kerja ini membincangkan etika kerja Islam berlandaskan al-Quran. Objektif kertas kerja ini ialah untuk menghasilkan instrumen bagi dimensi Taqwa dalam prinsip etika kerja Islam. Bagi menjawab objektif kajian, penyelidik telah menggunakan kaedah kuantitatif dan kualitatif untuk membangunkan instrumen dimensi Taqwa ini. Terdapat tiga fasa yang terlibat dalam pembangunan instrumen dimensi Taqwa antaranya ialah pembinaan dan pengesahan kerangka konsep kajian seterusnya, pembinaan instrumen dimensi Taqwa dapat dihasilkan. Terdapat sepuluh (10) item instrumen bagi dimensi Taqwa dalam prinsip etika kerja Islam di mana instrumen ini berupaya untuk diguna pakai oleh pengurus dan ketua dalam sesebuah organisasi. Justeru, instrumen bagi dimensi taqwa ini sangat bermanfaat untuk diaplikasikan kepada seluruh staf dalam sesebuah organisasi awam mahupun swast
Mental Health Screening in Child Justice Systems: a Comparison between Malaysia and Selected Jurisdictions
Get PDFMental health is an important aspect at every stage of life, from childhood to adolescence and to old age. It is crucial to people’s overall well-being. In various studies that have been conducted, it has been found that a significant number of child offenders experienced some form of mental health problem or issue. This awareness has led to many countries adopting mental health screening as a part of the admission procedure into juvenile institutions. It has been argued that such a practice can benefit child offenders as it not only allows for the early detection of any underlying mental health issues but also assists the relevant authorities in personalising rehabilitation programmes that are unique for each child offender. Little is known about the regulatory approach taken by Malaysia and whether or not the existing practice, if any, is in line with other experienced jurisdictions at the international level. Hence, this article examines the laws and policies regarding mental health screening for child offenders admitted into juvenile institutions in Malaysia with a comparison made with other selected jurisdictions namely the United States of America, New Zealand, and the Netherlands. This study found that significant differences exist between Malaysia and selected jurisdictions such as the timing of mental health screening or the mental health screening tools utilised, and therefore, proposes some measures that can be learned and adopted by Malaysia to improve its child justice system and ensure the well-being of child offenders admitted into juvenile institution
Decentralized Electronic Voting with Ethereum Blockchain in Democratic and Political Elections
Get PDFThe Ethereum blockchain-based electronic voting (e-voting) systems can emerge as a viable strategy in this era of contemporary democracies to revolutionize political elections and augment the effcacy of the electoral process. There are myriad advantages that the Ethereum blockchain has to offer, from fairness to increased voting rates. Unlike traditional voting protocols, the Ethereum blockchain can assure substantial cost savings and eliminate the necessity for electoral intermediaries. The use of the Ethereum blockchain in political contexts also ensures that elections are held with integrity while preserving the voters’ privacy. Due to its popularity, provision of smart contracts logic, and various promising advantages, this systematic review aims to examine the potential deployment of decentralized e-voting systems integrated with Ethereum blockchain technology for democratic political elections. A systematic literature review (SLR) and the PICO approach, which stands for population, intervention, control, and outcomes, were adopted in this study to systematically analyze the existing literature. Key technological approaches identifed in the voting system include the hybrid blockchain and privacy-preserving score voting. Among the noteworthy fndings are the following: while adoption and complexity remain challenges across numerous e-voting frameworks, scalability, end-to-end security, enhanced effciency, and effectiveness are key benefts. An exploration into the prospective future innovations, such as the integration of artifcial intelligence and big data analytics into the Ethereum blockchain, was also included to further improve the reliability of the e-voting systems. It is believed that the Ethereum blockchain has a promising transformative impact on electoral politics and democratic processes, presenting a ray of hope for future election
Building Communities of Security And Wellbeing: The Role of Maqasid Al-Shari'ah in Housing
Get PDFHousing is an essential component of human life, offering not just shelter but also security, comfort, and a sense of belonging to a society. The concept of dwelling is firmly embedded in the broader framework of Maqasid al Shari'ah, which covers Islamic law's ultimate purposes and values. The fundamental goals of Maqasid al Shari'ah are to promote social welfare, justice, and overall well-being for individuals and society. Within this paradigm, housing is seen as a basic human right, with a heavy emphasis on ensuring that everyone, regardless of socioeconomic level, has access to appropriate and affordable housing. This strategy seeks to build inclusive, sustainable, and peaceful communities. The objectives of this study are twofold: first, to examine housing through the lens of the Islamic perspective, specifically Maqasid al Shari’ah; and second, to explore how equitable and resilient communities can be developed through appropriate housing policies and practices. The research draws on primary sources fromthe Quran as well as secondary data from books and academic journals. A qualitative content analysis method has been employed to analyze the gathered information. By applying Maqasid al Shari'ah principles to housing, the study aims to emphasise the need of providing safe, secure, and inexpensive accommodation for all individuals. This not only meets the urgent need for shelter, but it also promotes larger social goals like justice, equality, and community harmon
Penyerlahan Fitur Stilistik dalam Teknik Naratif Hikayat Gul Bakawali
Get PDFMakalah ini menjelaskan ciri-ciri stilistik yang terkandung dalam Hikayat Gul Bakawali, sebuah kisah cinta kuno yang berasal dari India dan diterjemahkan dalam bahasa Melayu Klasik pada tahun 1875 dari prosa Urdu yang disusun oleh Nihal Chand Lahori bertajuk “Mazhab-e ‘Ishq, urf Gul-e Bakawali” (Agama Cinta, atau Bunga Bakawali), yang diterbitkan di Calcutta pada tahun 1804. Walaupun kisah asal berakar dari perspektif Hindu, penerbitan versi Urdu tahun 1804 telah diubah suai dalam kerangka Islam. Kajian ini memfokuskan karya terjemahan Melayu pertama yang diketahui oleh Munsyi Syaikh Muhammad Ali bin Ghulam Husain al-Hindi, seorang sarjana sastera keturunan India yang menguasai sastera Melayu Klasik dengan baik dan menterjemahkan beberapa teks agama dan linguistik secara langsung dari bahasa Arab di salah sebuah pusat kebudayaan di Semenanjung Melayu. Perbincangan yang dikemukakan melibatkan terjemahan dan analisis petikan secara berurutan dengan menekankan aspek tema atau strategi retorik. Tumpuan perbandingan secara binari turut ditekankan pada pelbagai peringkat, dari deskripsi watak, hingga ke peringkat semantik dalam data kajian. Antara yang paling menonjol ialah perkembangan watak adiwira hikayat, seorang putera manusia yang jatuh cinta dengan Puteri Bidadari Puteri Bakawali. Antara lainnya, penggunaan bahasa sang adiwira semasa memerihalkan dirinya dinilai bertujuan untuk menarik empati dan bantuan daripada pendengar. Turut diamati ialah aspek pemerian teknik naratif mengenai keberanian dan ketekunannya sebagai seorang kekasih yang setia dan tidak pernah berputus asa dalam perjalanan hidu
Indonesian Teaching Materials for Multicultural Character Education in Singapore Indonesian School
Get PDFCharacter education must be instilled, one of which is through learning with teaching materials containing multicultural-based character education. In the Indonesian School of Singapore (SIS), Indonesian students use a textbook by the publisher Erlangga as their teaching resource. The book is not designed for Indonesian students studying Indonesian at Indonesian Schools Abroad (ISA), although character education is urgently needed. Therefore, this study should be carried out to analyze the elements of character education in the book. This study aimed to analyze character education in multicultural-based Indonesian language teaching materials at SIS. The study design is of content analysis. Research data was obtained through questionnaires, and textbook documents of the Erlangga Publisher were analyzed according to the theory of Greene and Petty (2007). The results of the needs analysis show that the SIS teachers strongly agree with fourteen (14) aspects of character education in Bahasa Indonesia (BI) teaching materials, 10 aspects of good BI textbooks, and 4 multicultural aspects of BI teaching materials, and agree with one aspect of character education in BI teaching materials. This study concludes that the need to develop a character education model in multicultural-based Indonesian language teaching materials is also required by SIS to achieve the vision and mission of SI
Gaya Penulisan Singkatan dan Akronim dalam Majalah Cahaya Chandaraca Kopassus Indonesia: Analisis Fungsi dan Makna
Get PDFMakalah ini berhasrat untuk membandingkan cara dua orang wartawan majalah Special Force Indonesia menggunakan singkatan dan akronim dalam penulisan mereka. Wartawan sering berhadapan dengan masalah perbezaan teknikal dalam penggunaan singkatan dan akronim. Kajian menunjukkan bahawa akronim mempunyai fungsi untuk menyampaikan maklumat kepada khalayak pembaca, manakala singkatan digunakan untuk mengekalkan identiti. Pihak wartawan bertanggungjawab untuk memberikan penerangan yang tepat memandangkan majalah bermatlamat untuk membekalkan maklumat kepada khalayak pembaca umum. Makalah ini meneliti penggunaan singkatan dan akronim yang terdapat dalam majalah Cahaya Chandaraca Kopassus yang diterbitkan pada tahun 2005. Kajian ini menggunakan kaedah kualitatif deskriptif dan menggunakan data daripada majalah Kopassus terbitan 2005. Pengkaji menganalisis dua topik yang dikupas dalam majalah ini, khususnya topik Tandem Master dan topik Penugasan Misi PBB. Kedua-dua topik ini berhasrat untuk memberikan maklumat kepada khalayak pembaca umum, terutamanya dalam bidang penulisan media. Kajian ini juga berusaha untuk mengenal pasti fungsi singkatan dan akronim yang digunakan oleh kedua-dua orang wartawa
E-Arbitral in Malaysia: Issues, Challenges, and Opportunities
Get PDFThe shift from traditional arbitration to electronic arbitration (hereinafter referred to as “e-arbitration”) has been driven by several factors, including the increasing availability of technology and the need for more efficient and cost-effective dispute resolution in a globalised world. E-arbitration has been well-received because of its remarkable advantages, including increased efficiency, reduced costs, and improved accessibility, making it an attractive alternative to traditional arbitration. However, to date, the adoption of e-arbitration has not been as expected and the legal position surrounding the legitimacy of the electronic arbitral award (hereinafter referred to as “e-arbitral award”) in Malaysia has yet to be established. This requires a careful examination of existing laws and regulations, as well as a careful consideration of potential challenges and opportunities. This article has been grounded in doctrinal legal research where primary and secondary sources were collected through a library-based approach and later examined using critical and analytical approaches. The use of e-arbitration in Malaysia is expected to encounter several legal challenges since it is not yet fully regulated. However, the present study has found that Malaysian national laws, including the current arbitration laws, are relevant, sufficient, and relatively developed to legalise e-arbitral award. It has also discovered several legal loopholes that must be adequately and directly considered by Malaysian lawmakers. This will enhance the sustainable establishment of e-arbitration in Malaysia and ensure the protection of the interests and rights of all parties involved. Finally, this study has proposed two models for predicting e-arbitral award by human-arbitrators and for enforcing e-arbitral award under the auspices of the AIA
Farmer Rights in Malaysia: Revisiting the Implementation of the Protection of New Plant Varieties Act 2004
Get PDFAgriculture is crucial in guaranteeing food security all over the world. Essentially, farmers play a significant role in food security. Producing improved crop varieties is one of the ways to increase sustainable crop productivity. Farmers in Malaysia, in particular small-scale farmers, are still practicing and relying on some traditional agricultural practices. In order to protect new varieties of crops and plants, there exists some legislation vis-a-vis intellectual property rights (IPRs) in the field of agriculture. Patents and plant breeders’ rights, for instance, bring with them some legal implications towards farmers. This paper aims to examine the existing legislation governing farmer rights in Malaysia, focusing on the relevant provisions of the Protection of New Plant Variety Act 2004 (PNPVA). The research also dwells on current issues pertaining to PNPVA’s implementation and the ongoing proposed amendment. The research has employed doctrinal analysis in its investigation and analysis, which has been based on the available data and materials, supported with input collected from an interview with the Department of Agriculture (DOA). The study has found that the concept of farmer rights should not be jeopardized amidst the Government’s commitment in harmonizing the law with the International Convention for the Protection of New Varieties of Plants (UPOV), while optimizing the access of Malaysian farmers to new crop varieties and plant technologies. The present study has also come to the conclusion that the Government must balance the protection afforded to plant breeders with that granted to the local farming community in Malaysi