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Comparative Study of the Islamisation Process in Malaysia and Nigeria: A Social Movement Theory Approach
Get PDFThis exploratory, diachronic study compares the politics of Islamisation, which have undergone different patterns of development in both Nigeria and Malaysia. Islamisation is defined as an ideological translation of Islamism into policies to “Islamise” the state and society by expanding the scope of the application of Islamic laws and principles. Islamisation in Malaysia has been implemented steadily and progressively since the 1980s. It involves the “inculcation of Islamic values” in a wide range of aspects of society, including the economy. The Islamic penal code or hudud enactments were legislated in two states, but held in abeyance due to their unconstitutionality. In contrast, Nigeria observed the sudden and erratic implementation of hudud in 12 northern states in 1999, along with other bureaucratic adjustments. Adopting an interpretative case study approach of the comparative method of Arend Lijphart, we explain the two contrastive case studies of the ideological translation of Islamism by analysing the manner in which various political opportunities and structural constraints in the respective cases have shaped the Islamisation process. Data gathering was based on an extensive review of the related body of literature. Analysis was conducted using a social movement theoretical framework based on a structured, focused comparison. The dynamic conceptualisation of the state as a set of institutions, which is continually and dialectically reshaped by contentious
processes, captures how the bureaucratisation and judicialisation of Islam have modified the nature of state structures and the structure of political opportunities, which in turn allows for additional channels of influence for Islamic activist
Child Protection and Juvenile Justice: Legal Issues in Bangladesh and Malaysia
Get PDFChild protection and juvenile justice are emerging issues and a major concern for nations across the globe. Considering the importance of child protection, different nations in the world have also given attention to reducing child delinquency by amending their laws on children. Bangladesh and Malaysia have ratified the UN Convention on the Rights of the Child (UNCRC) 1989 and incorporated its principles into their domestic legal framework for child-friendly care and protection of juvenile offenders. Since 2013, there have been many new concepts developed on this issue in the legal systems of both countries. The government of Bangladesh has enacted the Children Act 2013 by replacing the previous Children Act 1974. As a result, Bangladesh can now legally safeguard children’s best interests more effectively. The Malaysian government amended the Child Act 2001 and introduced the Child (Amendment) Act 2016 to protect children and establish institutional treatments for juvenile offenders. The government has also legislated the Sexual Offences Against Children Act 2017 to reduce delinquency. As a result, the child protection and justice systems in both countries have developed new dimensions, as well as preventing the abuse of the vulnerabilities of detained children during pandemic times. The present study analyses the major changes in the juvenile justice process in both countries, especially the protection of children as per the domestic legal framework and at the same time guided by international legal standards. The present study has a qualitative research design and uses content analysis to identify, analyze, and synthesize the content of child-related laws. The findings will be valuable to policymakers, as they point to the need to strengthen the existing legal framework for better child protection within the justice systems of both Bangladesh and Malaysi
The Valuation Practice for Intellectual Property in Malaysia
Get PDFBackground/Aim- Intellectual Property valuation refers to the valuation of property rights for creations of the mind such as patent, trademark and copyright. The selection of valuation approach for Intellectual Property is often difficult as there is a lack of availability of information for this sector. However, there is inconsistency in the recognition and measurement of Intellectual Property. Moreover, valuation practice is always subject to the appraisers’ subjectivity. Thus, the purpose of this paper is to identify the criteria for the practice in conducting valuation for Intellectual Property. The data collection by using semistructured interview was adopted with the certified Intellectual Property valuers who were experienced in the practice of Intellectual Property valuation and been analysed using thematic data analysis. This paper identified the elements for Intellectual Property valuation as practiced by the Malaysian certified Intellectual Property valuers. The findings are beneficial to practitioners in Intellectual Property valuation as well as policy makers in Malaysia Intellectual Property industry
Systematic Literature Review of the Trend on Green Supply Chain Management
Get PDFNowadays, the world is facing a crisis of sustainability challenges and industries in developed countries are making strategies to respond to those challenges by implementing green supply chain management. To avoid this effect having a negative impact on the environment, of the various efforts taken by the firm among the steps are taken is to practice green practices in every operating activity of the supply chain way to reduce the impact on the environment. This study aims to present a systematic literature review of green supply chain management practices and examination of examine previous studies on green supply chain management. This study was conducted on the article data collected from the Web of Science (WOS) and Scopus databases between the years 2013 and 2023 using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematics Review and Meta Analyses (PRISMA) approach. The final method consisted of screening 83 articles, and an analysis was carried out to look for patterns of article citation, prior research settings that are nation based and field study use studies in green supply chain. Furthermore, it indicates that the amount of empirical research work on green supply chain management has increased rapidly over the last few years. The development of green supply chain management is notably significant due to its diverse advantages, including improved economic performance, adherence to stakeholder expectations, and the opportunity for innovation via digital transformation. As organisations traverse the intricacies of contemporary supply chains, the incorporation of sustainability into their operations is more essential for enduring success