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Assessing the Standard of Care of Doctors in Emergency Departments
Get PDFWorking in emergency departments appears to be challenging as the doctors stationed here encounter obstacles that may not be faced by other doctors. This includes the need to attend to a high number of patients, the lack of manpower and resources, as well as the pressing situation of being in an emergency. This condition may be more apparent in public hospitals that are usually overcrowded with patients with various illnesses that require urgent treatment. Occasionally, claims of medical negligence have been filed against doctors and hospitals by patients seeking medical treatment in emergency departments. An issue, therefore, arises on the standard of care required of doctors as has been imposed by the law on working in emergency departments. The question is whether the calamitous situation that doctors in emergency departments encounter is acknowledged by the law as a possible defence against the allegation of negligence in Malaysia. From the cases analysed, it is concluded that doctors in emergency departments are expected to exercise the skill of any other reasonable competent doctor in similar circumstances. As such, doctors and hospitals should strive to provide the best medical treatments according to the situations of each case in order to avoid liability in negligence. It is hoped that the findings of this research would assist doctors working in emergency departments in discharging their daily duties according to the standards imposed by law. To fulfil its objective, this research employs legal and doctrinal methods in which the analysis and arguments have been based on the written literature, which has been mainly case laws from Malaysia and the United Kingdom, as well as textbooks and journal
Establishing Equality in The Core-Plasma Partnership in Palm Oil Business: The Role of The Indonesia Competition Commission
Get PDFPalm oil is the main product that has contributed significantly to the Indonesian and Malaysian economy over the past few decades. Oil palm plantations in Indonesia are owned not just by large corporations, but also by smallholders known as MSMEs (Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises). One of the Indonesian government's strategies to strengthen the capacity of MSMEs is to encourage large enterprises and MSMEs to form core-plasma partnerships. Large enterprises frequently incur various violations when implementing the palm oil industry partnership. As a result, adequate supervision from a government authority is essential. The purpose of this study is to examine the legal basis for the supervision of the Indonesian Competition Commission (‘ICC’; Komisi Pengawas Persaingan Usaha) on the implementation of core-plasma partnerships, to boost the oil palm plantation industry in Indonesia. This study type is normative-juridical and relies on secondary data sources to make assessments. The research typology used is analytical-descriptive, with the goal of fully and comprehensively explaining the duties and authorities of the ICC in supervising partnership implementation in Indonesia, and then evaluating them to determine the legal basis for the ICC's participation in partnership implementation. The analysis found that Law No. 9 of 1999 on the Prohibition of Monopolistic Practices and Unfair Business Competition does not regulate the ICC's authority to supervise partnerships. However, under Law No. 20 of 2008 on MSMEs and the implementation regulations, the ICC has the authority to oversee the implementation of core-plasma cooperation, namely through consultations, evaluations, suggestions, and considerations related to government policies, policy harmonization and law enforcemen
A Conceptual Framework of Green Manufacturing Strategies for Greenhouse Gas Emissions Reduction in Malaysian Manufacturing Industry
Get PDFGreen manufacturing is a practice that aims to reduce waste and pollution throughout the manufacturing process. The research scope covers how the implementation of green manufacturing practices helps manufacturing companies to reduce GHG emissions. The main objective of the study is to determine the relationship between green manufacturing practices and GHG emissions and how knowledge, costs, regulations and technology moderate the relationship between green manufacturing practices and GHG emissions in Malaysia. This paper reviews the existing literature on the topic and proposes a conceptual framework of green manufacturing practices for Malaysian manufacturing industry context. This study intends to provide insights into green manufacturing and as well as to fill the research gaps in how green manufacturing helps in reducing GHG emission
A Global Comparison of Credit Bureaus Based on Data Utilization in Credit Scoring
Get PDFThe basic concept of credit scoring is to assess an individual`s payment ability as well as the specific individual`s credit default risk, hence determining an individual`s creditworthiness. Based on the credit score, financial institutions, insurance companies, telecommunication companies and other businesses decide whether consumers are eligible for a mortgage, credit card, auto loan, and other credit products. However, in many countries, potential tenants and insurance applicants also use credit scores extensively for screening. Accordingly, Credit Bureaus (CB) or Consumer Reporting Agencies (CRA) exert an essential gatekeeper function for important economic areas of consumers’ everyday life. However, when examining CBs globally, there are considerable differences in the use of data to calculate credit scores. Interestingly, the influence of CBs on credit rating receives little to no attention in academic research. This is particularly evident in the absence of a framework for classifying Credit Bureaus. Therefore, 24 traditional and non-traditional Credit Bureaus operating in 17 different countries are analyzed. First, the study identifies the different data types underlying credit reports and credit scores. Second, CBs are classified and clustered according to the type of information used for credit scoring. Furthermore, promising areas of research, in particular the ethical conflict between data protection and economic participation are highlighte
Service Quality and Customer Satisfaction through AIRQUAL Dimensions: An Empirical Investigation on Iraqi Airways
Get PDFIn today’s rapidly evolving business environment, customer requirements and expectations are continually increasing. Many service-oriented companies, including airlines, are struggling to accurately understand and meet the true needs and desires of their passengers. Often, they rely on outdated views of airline services. This study investigated how various dimensions of service quality impact customer satisfaction at Iraqi Airways. Using a convenience sampling technique, data were collected through questionnaires distributed at Baghdad International Airport and Erbil International Airport in Iraq. A total of 381 valid responses were analyzed using Structural Equation Modelling (SEM). The results indicate that five service quality dimensions—airline tangibles, terminal tangibles, security and safety, personnel services, and airline image—have a positive and significant effect on customer satisfaction. However, empathy does not significantly influence customer satisfaction. The findings suggest that Iraqi Airways should focus on differentiating its services to enhance customer satisfaction. Managers are encouraged to concentrate on factors that elevate service quality, thereby improving customer satisfaction. This study can assist Baghdad International Airport and Erbil International Airport in understanding the importance of service quality, which could lead to higher passenger satisfaction and foster long-term relationships with their customer
