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English as A Medium of Instruction in Content Courses: Exploring the Challenges and Practices Thai Teachers Face
Get PDFPurpose - Previous studies have generally focused on TESOL teachers in English as a Foreign Language (EFL) classes, this study however, investigates English Medium of Instruction (EMI) in non English language teaching contexts. This study fills a gap in the current literature on EMI by analyzing the problems and practices of 46 Thai university lecturers who use English as the medium of instruction in various subject fields. Method - Utilizing an explanatory mixed-method study design, data was gathered through a survey questionnaire and interviews. This methodology facilitated the acquisition of a thorough comprehension of the perspectives and obstacles encountered by Thai lecturers using EMI in content courses. Findings - The results of the study indicate that Thai lecturers generally hold different attitudes towards the use of EMI. Their apprehension stems from the degree of readiness of the students, including a perceived deficiency in skills and linguistic proficiencies, and the extent of help provided by the institution. Despite the challenges, Thai lecturers demonstrated flexibility by employing several pedagogical approaches within the classroom setting to accommodate the distinct requirements of their subject matter. Significance - The study's relevance resides in its implications for policy formulation, curriculum design, and teacher professional development initiatives. The results of this study have highlighted the significance of providing customized assistance to lecturers and the necessity of implementing comprehensive approaches to enhance the efficacy of EMI in other academic field
User Acceptance of Terms & Conditions and Privacy Policy: A Legal Analysis of the Position of Food Delivery Mobile Apps in the Malaysian Context
Get PDFMobile applications, which are popularly known as ‘mobile apps’ are software applications generally used on wireless computing devices such as smartphones or tablets. Since tech giant Apple’s launch of the iPhone in 2007, these mobile apps are getting more attention across nations with the advancement of mobile internet, smartphone technologies, and navigational services. Food delivery mobile apps (FDAs) facilitate convenient and quick food delivery to customers and provide restaurants with better opportunities to generate more revenue without having to increase the seating capacities of their brick and-mortar outlets. Nevertheless, with these FDAs, users face a myriad of legal problems, including consent mechanisms and the acceptance of the terms and conditions (T&Cs) and privacy policies (PPs). These one-sided conditions warrant investigation from the perspective of consumer protection. This paper aims to uncover the T&Cs and PPs used in the FDAs popular in Malaysia from the perspective of consumer protection and privacy rights, based on the standards of contracts. By adopting a qualitative legal research methodology and analyzing primary and secondary literature, the research has developed several standards and grouped them under the headings of contract standards, contract changes and contract termination to evaluate the T&Cs and PPs of nine of the most popular FDAs in Malaysia. The study analysed the content of the T&Cs and PPs of these FDAs to explore whether they “comply”, “partially comply”, or “do not comply” with the standards developed. The study found that the FDAs failed to comply with these standards, highlighting legislative shortcomings that indicate a lack of supervision in app development processes and compliance. The paper concludes by offering recommendations for policymakers, which included increasing supervisory and monitoring capacity and reforming the relevant legal framework in the future. As the number of FDA users and the frequency of online food ordering have sharply risen in Malaysia, this study is highly relevant for examining the legal aspects, particularly regarding the T&Cs and PPs of these app
The Challenges of Human Rights in The Era of Artificial Intelligence
Get PDFIn an era in which Artificial Intelligence (AI) has brought about tremendous technical advancements that can significantly impact operations and interactions in society, it is crucial to seriously think about the issue of human rights in relation to the applications of AI. The increasingly widespread use of artificial intelligence (AI) presents significant obstacles to the protection of human rights, since it questions the core concept of human supremacy over other living organisms. Given the growing incorporation of AI technology in our daily lives, it is crucial to comprehensively assess the influence of AI on human rights. This article examines the crucial significance of human rights in the era of AI, investigating the potential outcomes of AI’s impact on these rights and the worldwide efforts aimed at safeguarding them. It examines the transformative impact of AI, ethical considerations, and potential disruptions across economic, social, and political spheres. This article discusses how AI challenges traditional human rights frameworks like the UDHR, and will emphasise the urgent need for updated legal and ethical frameworks, as well as global collaboration aimed at protecting human rights in this era of AI. Furthermore, it considers the potential of the first internationally binding convention on AI, the AI Convention. Using comparative legal, formal legal and descriptive methods, the analysis shows that AI may undermine the exercise of several human rights. The focus is on integrating legal and ethical factors to ensure the responsible implementation of AI technology and in ensuring that AI technology benefits all of humanit
Understanding the Link Between Logistics Technology, Performance, and Competitive Advantage in Thailand’s Third-Party Logistics Sector
Get PDFIn Thailand, third-party logistics (3PL) companies operate at a loss of 35 percent, indicating their inability to compete with other logistics service providers. Due to technology being one of the factors involved, the objective of this study aims to investigate the relationship between logistics technology, logistics performance, and competitive advantage in small third-party logistics (3PL) enterprises in Thailand. This study used partial least squares structural equation modelling(PLS-SEM) as a statistical approach for data analysis. The sample size was 159 respondents, who are small 3PL enterprises in three southern border provinces of Thailand. The finding indicated that logistics technology has a positive relationship with logistics performance and competitive advantage of 3PL in Thailand. Moreover, logistics performance, as a mediating factor is linked to logistics technology and competitive advantage. This study could be beneficial for the 3PL firms for improving technology in logistics operations, thereby achieving better outcomes and success in company competitio
Macro-Econometric Analysis of Inward Capital Flows: a Case of Nigeria in Times of Security Challenges
Get PDFThis study used quarterly data for the period of 2014Q1–2021Q2 to investigate the macro-econometric implications of capital flows to Nigeria in the face of security challenges. The ARDL bounds test technique identified the long-run relationships between macroeconomic dynamics, insecurity, and total capital inflows to Nigeria, while the error correction mechanism (ECM) identified the short-run relationships. The Toda-Yamamoto test was used to determine whether the model variables were causally related or not. The findings pointed to a short-term negative relationship between insecurity, exchange rates, lending rates, and inflows of capital, while a positive relationship was found between industrial production capacity, the consumer price index, and the total inflows of capital to Nigeria, with insecurity, exchange rates, the consumer price index, and lending rates being the most significant variables. In the long run, insecurity, lending rate, and consumer price index had no significant impact on inward capital inflows, while exchange rate and industrial production capacity exerted significant impacts on capital inflows. The lending rate had a negative impact on overall inflows of capital, whereas the exchange rate, industrial production capacity, and consumer price index had positive impacts. The exchange rate and industrial production capacity were the most important variables that affected capital inflows. Based on the ECM, it was realized that aggregate inward capital flows were stabilized by a factor of roughly 47.2% per quarter in order to reach long-run equilibrium. The Toda-Yamamoto causality tests indicated that the interactions between macroeconomic variables and insecurity strongly influenced capital flows to Nigeria. The overall findings suggested that promoting macroeconomic stability and combating insecurity could improve the investment climate, encouraging foreign capital flows into Nigeri
The Impact of Personal Growth and Holistic Thinking on Price-Perceived Quality Heuristic
Get PDFThe price-perceived quality heuristic refers to an individual's predisposition to interpret price as an indicator of product quality and has been shown to be influenced by various personal factors. However, certain variables affecting this tendency has yet to be explored. This study aims to investigate whether two personal factors, namely personal growth and holistic thinking, impact this heuristic. Moreover, the study also examines the mediating roles of prestige sensitivity and risk aversion in these relationships. Data were collected using convenience sampling from 755 participants with diverse occupations across various cities and districts in Türkiye. Using structural equation modelling analyses with SPSS and AMOS software, the analyses revealed that personal growth positively influences the price-perceived quality heuristic, while holistic thinking has a negative effect. Additionally, the results confirmed the significant mediating roles of prestige sensitivity and risk aversion. These findings provide valuable insights for researchers and practitioners seeking to better understand the dynamics that shape the relationship between price and quality perceptio