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Foetal Anomaly: The Right to Abort and The Possibility of a Wrongful Birth Claim in Malaysia
Get PDFA pregnancy can be terminated because of the problem of foetal anomaly. However, parents may lose the right to terminate the pregnancy if there is negligence in prenatal diagnosis. Such negligence may consequently result in the mother giving birth to a disabled child. This article examines whether women in Malaysia have the legal right over a wrongful birth claim should there be negligence by the doctors who carried out the prenatal diagnosis. This article employs the doctrinal comparative method. First, this article reviews the relevant literature on the topic of women's right to terminate a fetus with abnormalities and the legal status of the foetus. Next, the article will analyse the Utilitarian theory and the Principle of Reproductive Autonomy, which the authors claim will provide the fundamental argument for women to have the right to abort a pregnancy with foetal anomaly. A negligent prenatal diagnosis that results in the woman delivering a disabled baby undermines a woman's right to reproductive autonomy, her right to make an informed consent for a legal abortion. Following that, an acknowledgment of the woman's right to reproductive autonomy and the right to initiate a wrongful birth claim is demonstrated by highlighting and discussing several international court cases. The analysis of comparison is the final part, in which the authors present the possibility of women in Malaysia claiming a wrongful birth claim should there be negligence in the prenatal diagnosis by medical practitioners. In conclusion, the authors have made the case that women in Malaysia have the right to legally abort a pregnancy with foetal anomaly and could sue for wrongful birth if a prenatal diagnosis was made negligently. However, it might be challenging to prove the claim given the ambiguity of Malaysia's abortion legislation. This article has made an important contribution to the current literature as it has discussed the potential rights of women in Malaysia to file a lawsuit over a wrongful birth claim should there be negligence in the prenatal diagnosis by medical practitioner
Impact of Poor Communication, Fatigue, and Experience Levels on Accident Rates: A Case Study of The Malaysian Maritime Shipping Industry
Get PDFHuman error is the primary cause of most accidents, leading to various issues and shipping delays. Previous research has identified three key causes that culminate in human error in the Malaysian shipping industry: poor communication, fatigue, and lack of experience. However, there is limited discussion on effective strategies to mitigate these errors. Therefore, this study aims to propose optimal solutions to reduce human error. Through this study, quantitative research methods were used to obtain important data involving the main objectives of this study. For the quantitative analysis, data was collected through multiple rounds of questionnaires distributed to 25 experts using the Delphi method and analysed using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS). The study stresses the critical factors influencing human error in the industry, with findings identifying fatigue as the primary contributor to accidents. Addressing this issue would help the shipping industry to reduce human errors and accidents, thereby ensuring smoother operation
Utilizing Engineers Workforce Diversity to Enhance Manufacturing Productivity
Get PDFWorkforce’s variety and adaptability are critical elements for the manufacturing companies to increase an ability to expand and growth. Lack of workforce diversity has detrimental effects to the employee’s performance and motivation to work better in organisation. Therefore, this study is pertinent to explore the utilization of engineers’ workforce diversity practices in manufacturing companies to enhance the productivity. Specifically, the study involves three main workforce diversity such as recruitment strategy, culture diversity, and generational diversity in order to enhance organisational productivity mainly for the manufacturing companies. The study employed quantitative method involving 200 engineers from the manufacturing company. The findings revealed that all constructs tested were correlated and significance towards manufacturing productivity. The study contributes to the body of knowledge on the workforce diversity practices in helping manufacturing companies to enhance the productivity. It also could be a foundation for future research. Practically, the study helps the manufacturing companies, engineers and managers to strengthens the human resource policies i.e. workforce diversity via developing and planning an effective program in the organisation to improve productivity. Finally, the study also addressed a study limitation, recommendations and conclusio
Enhancing Service Efficiency in Utility Organizations through Quality Function Deployment
Get PDFQuality Function Deployment (QFD) is a powerful approach for establishing a strong relationship between a product or service and customer needs. It focuses on capturing the voice of the customer to enhance their satisfaction. In today’s competitive landscape, organizations must meet customer needs to thrive. This research focuses on utility-imparting organizations and aims to enhance customer satisfaction and service efficiency through the development of a correlation matrix. The study proposes an inductive framework and evaluates it using typical QFD techniques. Specifically, the research utilizes the House of Quality (HOQ) to improve organizational efficiency and customer satisfaction. The HOQ identifies key quality indicators by analyzing the relationship between customer needs (WHATs), and technical solutions (HOWs), as well as between different HOWs. The results of the HOQ analysis highlight the most crucial factors for improving service efficiency: effective customer service, a competitive and focused organization, accurate billing meters and methods, precise meter readings and billing, and prioritization of emergency response. The findings provide valuable guidelines for improving the efficiency of utility energy service
Analyzing Green Site Management Practices in Malaysia: Trends and Insights
Get PDFThis research explores the current green site management practices (GSMPs) commonly practiced by contractors. While the construction industry has contributed significantly to Malaysia’s development, it has also raised various environmental concerns. GSMPs are gaining attention as a solution to these issues. Nevertheless, their implementation faces various challenges, such as financial concerns and a lack of knowledge. A qualitative approach was adopted to focus on contractors’ experiences with green practices. Five contractors were randomly selected from the construction sites in Malaysia using the convenience sampling method. These respondents, all at the management level, were well-positioned to provide insights. Data collection continued until no new issues emerged from the interviews. The findings revealed that GSMPs are becoming a current trend within the industry. Contractors are beginning to integrate green practices in their construction activities, focusing on construction site waste management, workforce management, best regulatory practices, site establishment and administration, and site facilities. However, there is a notable lack of awareness and knowledge about these green practices among contractors. The study offers practical implications for the future of GSMPs, highlighting the need for increased understanding and adoption. By elaborating on available practices and their implications, this study aims to encourage broader implementation of GSMPs in construction site
Lean Process Improvement in Healthcare: a Study Using Value Stream Mapping, Theory of Constraints and Simulation
Get PDFIn healthcare services, where human health is the primary concern, the principle of ''doing it right the first time'' is paramount. Waste and constraints in service delivery processes can directly impact patient health outcomes. This study aim is to examine the hospitalization process of the internal medicine department of an education and research hospital using value stream mapping (VSM), theory of constraints (TOC) and simulation (using Arena software). Initially, current and future patient flows were mapped using VSM. Constraints affecting these flows were determined using TOC, while simulation was used to assess the impact of a lean model on the system proposed through the future state map (FSM). Two scenarios were developed for the future state. The findings show the presence of numerous non-value-added steps in the existing system. A leaner patient flow was achieved by minimizing these inefficiencies through the proposed future state models, addressing problematic areas that hinder the flow. Non-value-added time (NVAT) was reduced by 44 percent in the first proposed scenario and by 72 percent in the second proposed scenario. Patients' length of stay (LoS) improved by 1 percent with the first model and decreased by 12 percent with the second model. Additionally, transfer time (TT) was decreased by 88 percent in the first scenario and by 92 percent in the second scenario. This study offers valuable insights and can serve as a roadmap for researchers, managers and decision�makers in the healthcare sector seeking to implement lean practice
Seeking Self Through Fashion: How Self-Determination Drives Luxury Apparel Purchases in Emerging Economies
Get PDFLuxury brands are gaining popularity in both developed and emerging economies. Recent research has advocated wider use of self-determination theory (SDT) in marketing studies, suggesting that it has high predictive accuracy for understanding consumer motivations. Underpinned by this particular theory, this study aims to measure the impact of intrinsic motivations (brand commitment, hedonic motivation, and self-congruity) and extrinsic motivations (social motivation) on the purchasing intention of luxury fashion apparel brands in a developing country. Data was collected from 490 luxury apparel brand users, utilizing both offline and online modes via survey questionnaires. The proposed relationships were analyzed using PLS-SEM. Intrinsic motivations (brand commitment, hedonic motivation) and extrinsic motivation factor (social motivation) positively impacted purchase intention of luxury fashion apparel, while the impact of self-congruity (intrinsic motivator) was insignificant. This study adds to the body of knowledge about luxury branding by reassessing and expanding SDT with a new set of intrinsic and extrinsic motivations in collectivist society. The present study is among very few studies in marketing science that explicitly applied SDT. The uniqueness of this study is that it empirically examines consumer behavioral differences towards luxury buying in the luxury fashion apparel segment, utilizing SDT. Therefore, it is a major addition to the body of literature in the area. The findings of the study provide marketers with practical insights into luxury customer behavior, enabling them to target consumers in a growing economy, making them a high-potential marke
A Flexible Inverse Lomax Weibull-Weibull Model for Survival and Reliability Data
Get PDFIn this paper, an extension of the Weibull distribution using Inverse Lomax Weibull-G (ILWG) called Inverse Lomax Weibull-Weibull Distribution (ILWWD) was introduced. The statistical properties of the ILWWD were also derived. This includes the moment, moment generating function, quantile function, and distributions of order statistics. The parameters of the ILWWD were estimated using the maximum likelihood estimates (MLE) method. Simulation studies were presented for three distinct cases. Survival regression was also presented. Goodness-of-fit statistics were employed to assess the effectiveness of the ILWWD and Log-ILWWD. This indicated that the proposed distribution is superior in fitting leukemia data. Lastly, the flexibility of the ILWWD was demonstrated using a real-life dataset. These suggest that the proposed distribution is superior in fitting the datasets presented in this stud