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Methodology of Cost – Benefit Analysis in transport infrastructure based on Environmental impact assessment
Full text linkAn increased need for transport network leads to additional transport investments which are considered to be an important factor in the area of economic growth regardless their size, layout and efficiency. Transport infrastructure investments may have beneficial influence on the development, such as booming economic growth, improved quality of life, easy access as well as adverse effects on the environment. Large -scale investments in the transport infrastructure result in a more comprehensive assessment, crucial in the area of transport planning and its policy. The basic tool for assessing the economic benefits of infrastructure investments is the cost-benefit analysis, which is indispensable in the projects and programs that are financially supported by the European Union.\ud
In the last decade environmental policy has been considered to play a significant role in the transport policy, which is essential due to positive and negative effects of transport infrastructure investments on the local and global environment. Therefore, integrating environmental effects of investments in cost-benefit analysis is of paramount importance. We are aware that economic implementation strategies and environmental infrastructure interventions are besides direct costs of basic investments significantly affected by the costs and benefits of layout strategies. For that reason the subject matter of the thesis has been the methodology of cost-benefit analysis arising from the environmental effects of the investment, upgraded and modified according to the specific case of transport investments. Such an approach enables proper economic cost- benefit analysis of the environmental investment elements, generated by environmental interventions, which is of utmost importance and has long-term environmental benefits
Proposal for Improving the Cycling Track Network in the Municipality of Ljubljana
Full text linkThe thesis focuses on the analysis of the existing bicycle transport infrastructure system within Ljubljana and suggest appropriate arrangements bike lanes, trails or mixed-profile bike arrangements. The criteria that we have in the design take into account: the number of active participants involved in cycling, age and physical and mental qualities / skills, the number of individuals who would be the appropriate arrangements for the safe routes and want to include in the future, sufficient traffic safety, link currently unconnected routes to major routes, tourist attraction bike routes. We carried out a survey on cycling in the Municipality of Ljubljana (MOL) during a random population of cyclists and people who do not cycle, and in the field to investigate the current situation. The results showed that respondents perceive a lot of damage to the upper layers of the road cycling, which often threaten the security of the participants and missing links across certain parts of the city. When viewing the terrain they were observed deficiencies: considerable areas of poorly maintained cycling carriageway area degraded or insufficient transparency of the crossing of bike routes and paths through the roads and in the integration of bicycle lanes on the carriageway, together with other motorized traffic. The Municipality of Ljubljana propose legislation bicycle transport infrastructure improvements to the existing bike links with the rehabilitation, equipment and security measures in the individual sections, and the update and link them into meaningful regulated cycling network - an area that is closed to the ring and inside the well criss with cycling links
Recreation potentials of river Kolpa
Full text linkThe river Kolpa is a part of the intact Slovenian nature with big tourist potential. It is still relatively\ud
underdeveloped for mass tourism, but attracts those who prefer the nature untouched. The river\ud
belongs to calm waters, but is more turbulent upstream, and even has some rapids, which makes it a\ud
popular boating spot and thus raises the importance of properly defined and maintained access points.\ud
Popular recreation activities on river Kolpa also include swimming and fishing. Of course we cannot\ud
overlook the dams – there are 64 on Kolpa, 6 of those almost dilapidated. They affect a great part of\ud
the river and aid the recreational potential, especially in for boating. They are most important in the\ud
upper stream, somewhere between Osilnica and Petrina, since the water level rises slightly with each\ud
dam. For the purpose of my thesis I inquired the local residents about the tourist and recreation\ud
potentials of the river. The questionnaire consists of six questions, which deal with the river area, sport\ud
and recreation activities, as well as their providers, and tourists. I interviewed the providers of\ud
recreational activities, while focusing on the rent-a-boat providers, about their work policies and the\ud
size of the river area they use for their business. I also drew the longitudinal profile of the river\ud
including the dams and high waters, where we can immediately see the state of the river and assess the\ud
danger of flooding
Fluvial transport of suspended sediments related to other hydrologic processes
Full text linkUnderstanding and knowledge about the processes that define water or hydrologic cycle and\ud
erosion-sedimentation cycle (these two cycles are inter-connected) is important in order to ensure\ud
safety during natural disasters and to provide suffcient conditions for life (e.g. drinkable\ud
water). In the presented thesis we investigated next processes: \ud
uvial transport of suspended\ud
sediments, surface runoff, rainfall and erosion processes.\ud
Firstly, the investigated hydrological processes are described, then the measuring methods\ud
are presented. Further, the investigated catchments including experimental catchment where\ud
high-frequency measurements were performed are described, in the next section the statisticalmathematical\ud
tools that were used for data analysis are shown. The emphasis was given to\ud
the copula functions that can be used for simultaneous study of two or more (in)dependent\ud
variables that define the environmental process. In the last section of the first part of thesis,\ud
the basic concepts of soil erosion modelling are presented where the emphasis was given to the\ud
WATEM/SEDEM model that can be used for soil erosion modelling.\ud
In the second part of the thesis, results of field measurements are presented (e.g. measurements\ud
of \ud
uvial transport of suspended sediments, rainfall, discharge and soil erosion), analysis of connection\ud
between \ud
uvial transport of suspended sediments and other hydrological processes was\ud
carried out, soil erosion modelling results are described and application of copula functions is\ud
shown on practical examples.\ud
The main conclusions are: rainfall events that have large rainfall intensities have significant impact\ud
on erosion, transport and deposition processes. During these kinds of events the suspended\ud
sediment budgets can be for a few orders of magnitude larger than the long-term annual rates. In\ud
Slovenia the peak of the suspended sediment transport mostly occurs before the peak discharge\ud
but the time differences are rather small (up to 1 day). Moreover, the trends in the transport of\ud
suspended sediments in Slovenian streams are mostly negative (all statistically significant trends\ud
are negative). Reasons for this can be: closing of mines or foresterisation (abandoning of farming\ud
due to urbanisation). Application of the WATEM/SEDEM model showed that sediment delivery\ud
ratio decreases with increasing catchment area. Moreover, copula functions were used for\ud
multivariate \ud
ood frequency analysis where peak discharge, hydrograph volume and hydrograph\ud
duration were considered in the analysis. Moreover, copula functions were also used to analyse\ud
suspended sediment data and for the estimation of the suspended sediment values based on the\ud
measured discharge and rainfall values
Installation of a permanent GNSS station with a solution presentation for the optimum position determination
Full text linkGNSS technology enables the geodesy to acquire high productivity and immediate results of the point positions of homogenous accuracy in the global coordinate system. RTK-GNSS is the dominant surveying method at the moment. For the realization of the method we need the GNSS receiver at a known point or a GNSS network that consists of a group of reference stations, that transmit observation data in order to ensure a high accuracy of determining the position of the rover. The geographical scope of service depends on the GSM signal coverage, while the quality of position determination is a matter of distance between the rover and the reference station. While using GNSS network, distances between the reference stations can be greater than when using an independent station, since the network allows us to model the impact on the observations. In the thesis we established our own GNSS reference station, which enables the transmission of observation data over the Internet using the NTRIP protocol. We carefully selected the permanent station and determined the four testing points through the static GNSS observation method, using the GNSS network SIGNAL as reference. By comparing the positions of control points provided through the RTK surveying method\ud
with a link to our own permanent GNSS station and the permanent network SIGNAL depending on the reference value, presented by the results of the static GNSS surveying, we determine the optimal scope of our own permanent GNSS station
Assessment of Microplastic Concentrations in Slovenian Watercourses and Lakes
Full text linkThis master thesis focuses on microplastic sampling in the Ljubljanica River and Lake Bled using three different methods through the entire water column. We have developed and tested the sampling methodology by a petrol water pump through the water column for assessing microplastic and mesoplastic concentrations. Waste legislation and regulations in Slovenia and in Europe, the main properties of plastic, the impact of plastic waste on the water environment and the impact of plastic and microplastics on the ecosystem and on humans have also been discussed. 38 samples were gathered using three sampling methods: a) surface – epi-neuston net, b) between the surface and the bottom – petrol water pump, c) sediment – Van Veen grab. The samples were examined thoroughly in a laboratory by two different methods according to the sampling method. Microplastics or mesoplastics were separated from the samples. Microplastic or mesoplastic sampling results obtained throughtout the methods used in sampling in the Ljubljanica River and Lake Bled were first compared separately. Furtheron, the results of the sampling methods between the Ljubljanica and Lake Bled were analysed. We have found out that microplastics can be identified in the Ljubljanica as well as in Lake Bled through the entire water column, mostly on the surface. On the basis of the results of this research, it can be concluded that microplastics are already present in Slovenian watercourses as well as in lakes which leads to potential ecological problems. The results show that a petrol water pump and its sampling methodology through the water column is more suitable for microplastic sampling in lakes than in watercourses. The comparison of the microplastic sampling results obtained by an epineuston net in the Ljubljanica and Lake Bled with the sampling results in certain watercourses and lakes around the world demonstrates that the results obtained in Slovenia are comparable to the ones around the world
Planning and optimization of public transport lines
Full text linkThe thesis discusses the planning of new and optimization of the existing lines of public transport. The first part provides a general historical context of the development of public transport and the development of public transport in Ljubljana. This is followed by the main guidelines, which are appropriate and necessary to consider when planning new lines. Various concepts of planning and their main features are presented. The second part features the analysis of the current state of the lines of public transport in Ljubljana and lists the main shortcomings of the existing system. Depending on the identified shortcomings and based on theoretical principles and guidelines, two new lines are presented, as well as one line with optimized and changed course in relation to the current condition. For new courses the results of the simulation are given, which was made using the software PTV VISUM. The last part of the thesis provides the evaluation of the results of simulations and gives an assessment of the relevance and adequacy of the proposed solutions
Issues of land survey plan
Full text linkThis university paper focuses primarily on the chapters within various phases of land survey plan production, where separate opinions apply. The paper presents and explains possible technical solutions for the completeness of descriptive data in a certificate, presents issues arising from the differences among transformations and introduces solutions for a more detailed data classification of utility infrastructure. With land register data, a more complex example of data preparation with as many possible improvements is presented. Possible usage and procedure of making a 3D terrain model is described. The paper also briefly deals with the minimal standardization of the inner structure of a digital form of a land survey plan and their management in databases
Control measurements of crane rails using terrestrial laser scanning
Full text linkThe master's thesis presents a new method for crane rail geometry determination, i. e. based on\ud
measurements obtained by using a terrestrial laser scanner and a dedicated computer programme\ud
which, on the basis of the rail points cloud, determines the horizontal and vertical path of the crane\ud
rail. The method was tested on the crane rails of Krško Hydroelectric Power Plant and Brestanica\ud
Thermal Power Plant, where, after scanning the point cloud, the upper and the lateral internal surface\ud
of railheads was derived. Each crane rail was divided into segments, through which the planes were\ud
fitted and the characteristic rail lines were determined. Based on the profiles, positional and height rail\ud
offsets were determined between the characteristic points on the same profile, as well as the actual\ud
span and the height difference between the crane rails. Furthermore, it was verified whether the\ud
calculated geometry parameters complied with the rules set by the standard in question. The thesis also\ud
examined how the rail geometry parameters – as determined by the terrestrial laser scanning method –\ud
correspond with the parameters determined by the classical polar method of surveying. Furthermore, it\ud
was tested how the determination of patterns is influenced by the length of the segment as well as the\ud
density of rail points. Based on the conclusions drawn during the elaboration of this thesis, certain\ud
guidelines are given on how to ensure the quality of crane rail geometry determination using terrestrial\ud
laser scanning technology
Comparison of landuse in the Municipalites of Polzela and Dobrna
Full text linkThe thesis presents special legislation in years 1984, 2002 and 2007. There is a comparison and\ud
analysis of basic and detailed land use in municipalities Polzela and Dobrna. We compared data of\ud
previously valid municipal spatial plans (spatial components for medium and long-term social plans)\ud
with the data of basic and detailed land use in valid municipal spatial plans. The comparisons were\ud
made for the whole municipals' areas with calculations and analyses of changes in areas of each\ud
category of basic and detailed land use in given municipal special acts in municipalities Polzela and\ud
Dobrna. We also made a calculation of share and difference of shares in each category area of detailed\ud
land use per inhabitant. We found out that the forest areas have increased, as well as building sites,\ud
while the areas of agricultural land have decreased. Comparing the number of inhabitants with\ud
building sites, we found out that the scope of building sites per inhabitant has decreased in both\ud
municipalities