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Positioning quality estimation in the SIGNAL network at higher elevations
Full text linkIn the thesis we analyse the quality of coordinate determination in the SIGNAL network at higher elevations with three GNSS surveying methods: static, VRS and MAC, in real time as well as with postprocessing. All the observations were taken at Krvavec area at the height of approximately 1500 m above sea level.\ud
Firstly we compare the coordinates obtained with the VRS and MAC surveying methods with coordinates computed on the basis of post-processing of static observations. Secondly we compare the coordinates computed on the basis of post-processing virtual reference station data generated for different heights above sea level.\ud
The quality of coordinates we use as a measure of tropospheric refraction modelling quality in the SIGNAL network and also as a criterion of applicability of surveying methods at higher elevations. On the basis of our analysis, we may say that the MAC concept enables coordinates at the quality level of static method and that MAC concept enables coordinates of higher quality than VRS concept. We have also shown that Hopfield and Saastamoinen models of tropospheric refraction are suitable at higher eleveations above sea level
GNSS navigation in land transport
Full text linkIn this thesis we present a global navigation satellite systems and their supporting systems which improve the accuracy of positioning. We describe the principles of operation, the error sources on position determination and use of the GNSS-systems. In the second part of the thesis we present the principles of GNSS-navigation on the land transportation, what include road and railway transport. We describe some of the newest GNSS-applications for transport on the land. In the road transport, there is satellite navigation in vehicles, fleet management, satellite tooling, eCall in the rail transport, there is locating and tracking the trains. We have also listed the current review of the situation on the field of GNSS-land transport applications on a global scale
Adjustment of thermally insulating envelope of hayrack for needs of residence
Full text linkWith time every building becomes unsuitable for use and therefore needs to be renovated. In this thesis, we presented the best possible renovation plan, using a thermal insulation envelope for installation on the present building, which is a hayrack. We wanted to redesign it into a tourist accommodation facility. Because we wanted to retain the outside appearance of the building, we moved the thermal insulation envelope to the inside of the hayrack. In our work we followed the minimum requirements defined in the Regulation and Efficient Use of Energy in Buildings - PURES 2010 [1]. First, we determined the composition of individual construction units and then calculated the thermal conduction values using the TEDI program.\ud
These values were later compared to those determined in the Technical guidelines for building construction TSG-4 [3]. Because of space restrictions, vacuum insulation panels were used for thermal insulation. With this measure we were able to gain useful height for the mansard and, consequently, a larger surface for use in the living areas, thus improving the buildings useability, functionality and economy. We have also proven the economic viability of VIP\ud
panels, since this kind of thermal insulation is new and not in everyday use in construction and thus expensive. Using the TOST program, we also had to make sure that the envelope satisfied the buildings heating energy consumption requierments
Comparison of different positioning methods at cadastral survey
Full text linkNowadays in the functions of a land cadastre, the use of GNSS technology in determining point positions is absolutely essential. In appropriate conditions for carrying out a GNSS survey, the positions of the points can be directly determined using various surveying methods of the GNSS survey. In situations where the signals from the GNSS satellites cannot be received due to obstacles, we can set up reference points using the GNSS, than we can use conventional surveying methods for determination of the positions in the reference coordinate system. Our thesis focuses on the practical use of the various GNSS surveying methods when trying to determine the coordinates of land cadastre points of two land plots with determined boundaries. We compared the coordinates obtained with different GNSS methods and with a combination of GNSS and conventional surveys. For the comparison, we used the coordinates obtained through processing observations of the static GNSS surveys as reference. Based on these, we established the quality of coordinate determining with other\ud
methods. Furthermore, we used the differently obtained coordinates to calculate the surface area and evaluated the impact of the coordinate quality on the calculated surface area. We found out, that it is essential to repeat the RTK measurements three times, because if done only once, the position of the points can be determined falsely due to external influences on the observation. In turn, that can also result in an incorrectly calculated surface area. Our thesis identified that, in determining the coordinates, a mistakes of just a few decimetres can lead to a far bigger mistake of 14m2 (0,18%) in the surface area calculations
The groundwater dynamics of the aquifer system at Iška fan
Full text linkThe water field Brest is in production since 1981, from where groundwater is abstracted from different depths through a series of 10 shallow wells. Pesticides and other contaminants present in the groundwater caused a change in the pumping regime. \ud
In the 2009 a pumping test was performed. Groundwater was abstracted for one month with the aim to define the groundwater dynamics with the combination of different pumping regimes from shallow and deep wells. Based on the measured data some of the aquifer parameters were calculated, such as transmissivity, the coefficient of storage and groundwater gradient changes.\ud
The calculations and changes of physical-chemical parameters of groundwater in the time of the pumping test reject the conceptual model of the Ljubljansko barje aquifers because the upper and lower Pleistocene aquifers are separated by a layer of clay and there is no hydraulic connectivity between them.\ud
The data analysis confirms that the aquifers of Iška fan are very sensitive to extreme weather conditions as well as to human impacts. The groundwater abstraction from different aquifers influences the groundwater gradient which can cause the pollutant transport from the upper Holocene aquifer to the underlying Pleistocene upper and lower aquifers. Lower DAT concentrations in the shallow well VD Brest 9 is a consequence of groundwater gradient change in the direction towards well VD Brest 1 and indicates to the hydrodynamic connection between the Holocene, the upper Pleistocene and the lower Pleistocene aquifer
Analysis of damaged storage tank
Full text linkDue to a high ratio between the radius and wall thickness, steel storage tanks are sensitive to stability. The thesis examines the standards used in the analysis of steel storage tank strength and stability, focusing on the API 579 Fitness-For-Service standard, which deals with the existing storage tanks. The stability of shell structures is considered to be strongly influenced by initial imperfections. An advanced analysis, as described in API 579, requires an accurate representation of imperfections,\ud
which can be generated using the data obtained from laser scanners. The thesis includes a geometric and material nonlinear analysis of strength and stability of the existing storage tank conducted using the data collected from laser scanners. An advanced analysis was performed using the Wolfram Mathematica program and a package within the program that contains a finite element software environment called AceFEM. All analyses were further carried out in the SIMULIA Abaqus FEA program in order to verify the results
Attenuating the Paka river into Velenje lake
Full text linkThis diploma thesis explores the idea of impounding water from the Paka River in Lake Velenje in the event of a flood wave with a 100-year return period. If such an event were to take place, Šoštanj would once again be subject to substantial material damage. Lake Velenje, which feeds from torrential waters of the Sopota and Lepene hills, is one of the biggest lakes in Slovenia, so it was expected to have substantial capacity for water retention. If the Paka River were impounded in the lake, the Sopota and Lepena waters\ud
would have to be impounded as well. It was assumed that the flood waves from Sopota and Lepena would appear prior to the one from Paka, therefore some water from these waves would be drained before the arrival of the Paka wave. To test this assumption, the program HEC-HMS 4.1 was used to create hydrographs for Sopota and Lepena, which show information about peak flow times, maximum flow, and volume. The hydrographs were calculated using data about the timing of maximum daily precipitation with a 100-year return period that was researched and established within the thesis, as well as data on topology, pedology and soil use. The hydrograph for the Paka River was calculated through analysis of changes in water level during major precipitation events over the past two and a half years since automatic data collection was established at the Velenje gauging station. The hydraulic conditions for attenuating the Paka River into Velenje Lake at a scale that would only send as much water through Šoštanj as the\ud
existing stream banks can handle were calculated in Excel and visually presented using plotted graphs. It is established that a certain amount of the flood waves from torrential waters can be drained before the arrival of the flood wave from the Paka River and that, in this case, the retentive capacity of the lake is sufficient for the proposed measure. The possibility of implementing the proposed measure is further demonstrated by creating a conceptual design of the mitigating facility. Finally, guidelines are established for possible further phases of the study
Comparision heights in different height systems in selected height polygon
Full text linkThe main topic of this diploma work is to present several height systems and to compare calculated heights between different height systems in selected leveling line. For the test area part of Primorska from Koper to Kozina was selected. Levelling line is 37,351 kilometers long and is passing from point 9000 to point 2839, between 9000 and 2839 is 48 other points. Height difference between the lowest and the highest point is 497,98692 meters. Whole classical geodesy is based on point and the third coordinate of point is height. Heights are very important for geodesy and many other professions, because of that is very important that when one has to choose gone height system, it has to consider requests of many professions. Which height system is better to choose and what advantages or disadvantages has one height system, was common thread of\ud
my diploma work. We have determined heights of the chosen levelling line in different height systems in the test area.\ud
These are: normal orthometric heights, geopotential number, dynamic heights, orthometric heights and normal heights. The official height system in Slovenia are normal orthometric heights. The official height system in many European countries are normal heights and this height system would be most appropriate and useful for Slovenia too. Normal heights satisfy all five basic conditions for ideal height system. Normal heights are also very good connected with ellipsoidal heights
Land consolidation in the area of the traditional land plot structure
Full text linkIn this diploma thesis, challenges and needs for the land consolidation is discussed in part of the Sorško polje. In the introduction, the fundamental problems of Slovene agricultural sector are presented, focusing on unfavourable land plot structure in the agricultural areas. In the continuation, the process of land consolidation is introduced, which might be one of the fundamental solutions for the discussed problem. In the thesis presents the current agricultural land consolidation development in the territory of Slovenia, where the current legal regulation is studied and discussed in accordance with the legislation in the field of agricultural land consolidation. A special attention is given to the opportunities in the field of the\ud
village renewal as a part of the land consolidation process. In the last part of the thesis, the results of the\ud
empirical study are presented, which have been conducted in the area with the traditional land plot structure in the form of stripes. In the Sorško polje, the agricultural land plot structure, partly also land plot ownership structure, is analysed, Challenges in the field of agricultural land consolidation in the study area is discussed in particular from the perspective of the municipal spatial plan. Here it has been shown that there are very different regulations regarding land consolidation in the neighbouring municipalities in the Sorško polje
Determining property ownership in residential neighborhoods
Full text linkThis work focuses on the issues of determining property ownership in residential neighborhoods constructed in the time of socially directed construction of apartment buildings. Between 1960 and 1985 up to 10.000 apartments were constructed yearly nationwide. Specifically, the work presents the spatial legislation which governed the construction, design and financing of residential neighborhoods and the acquisition procedures for the apartments in that time. During the time of the socially directed construction most properties were not recorded in the Land Registry, the reasons for which are outlined herein. These problems have only started getting addressed recently. Furthermore, the work details the changes in spatial legislation, particularly in the area of spatial planning, which came into effect when Slovenia became a parliamentary democracy. However, the new legislation failed to address the lack of records in the Land Registry. The work highlights the individuals’ as well as municipalities’ lack of awareness of the urgency of proper records of property ownership. Moreover, the latest legislature and its applications are presented. Finally, the effect of different solutions to the problem of property ownership records on the efficient management of neighborhoods is discussed