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Determination of position quality by RTK-GNSS method using different occupation durations
Get PDFIn this graduation thesis we have checked the quality of RTK-point positioning in the coordinate\ud
system ETRS89 with various occupation durations. The occupation durations were related to the\ud
interval from 5 seconds and up to 5 minutes after the successful initialization. The process of\ud
identifying differences has been performed similar to the methodology of RTK-instrument testing\ud
according to the standard ISO17123-8. First we have established a three-point network at the area of\ud
Trbovlje and further performed static GNSS measurements. By several different post-processing\ud
strategies we have acquired coordinates that were used as the reference for further studies. We have\ud
used observations from three permanent stations of the national continuously operating reference\ud
station network SIGNAL, i.e. Trebnje, Celje, Ljubljana and finally also VRS station to acquire final\ud
coordinates from post-processing. Meanwhile we have tried to find out the minimal occupation\ud
duration for quality baseline determination from fast-static measurements. Positions of the three points\ud
were determined using Leica 900 instrument for RTK-method performance. Positions were\ud
determined by several independent initializations and by different occupation durations. We have\ud
found that in the case of the instrument Leica 900 there are no significant differences between\ud
positions of detail points, acquired from different occupation durations after the initialization
Proposal of mountain-bike trails in the Litija and Šmartno pri Litiji municipalities
Get PDFIn the thesis we have presented proposal of mountain-bike trails in the area of municipalities Litija and\ud
Šmartno pri Litiji. Both municipalities are mountainous, both of them are surrounded by forest, the\ud
terrain is varied and exciting and because of this, a lot of people started to practise mountain biking.\ud
The municipalities, have a rich cultural and natural heritage, yet the tourism on this area is poorly\ud
developed, because the municipalities put to small effort investing into their recognisability. Because\ud
of the natural resources of municipalities and because of poorly developed tourism, we think, that the\ud
municipalities have a great potential for development of mountain biking.\ud
The thesis is divided into two parts, the theoretical and the practical. In the first part we studied\ud
development of mountain biking and cycling tourism. We also reviewed the legislation referred to\ud
mountain biking. In the second part we studied the existing mountain cycle routes and we proposed\ud
the placement of new mountain biking routes. We travelled routes and recorded them with bike\ud
computer, then we digitalized them and placed them on the national topographic map
Geosynthetics for separation and filtration in civil engineering
Get PDFThis graduation thesis covers specifications, properties and functions of geosynthetic\ud
materials used for filtration and separation purposes. It also describes different requirements\ud
covered in standards and presents possible design solutions for different types of use. The\ud
work discusses in detail the importance on knowledge of materials when designing with\ud
geotextiles and presents basic information for the reader to understand how material\ud
properties and soil properties influence the decision on final design choice. Problems that\ud
may occur during installation, or during design phase, are also described
The influence of energy certificates on market value of residential houses
Get PDFThe building sector consumes the largest part of common final energy consumed in the\ud
European Union and therefore this sector has a huge potential for reducing the energy\ud
consumption. Part of the strategy which aims to limit the use of energy in buildings represent\ud
in 2002 adopted Directive on Energy Performance of Buildings (2002/91 / EC) and revised\ud
EPBD Directive 2010/31 / EU which is an upgrade of the first one and sets some further\ud
strengthened requirements. Additionally to the provisions targeted to these objectives, the\ud
Directive prescribes the introduction of an energy performance certificate of building. The\ud
energy performance certificate is a document containing the information about the building\ud
energy performance including recommendations for increasing the energy efficiency. From\ud
January 1, 2015 the energy performance certificate of building is obligatory required in\ud
Republic of Slovenia when selling the entire building or a part thereof and when renting a\ud
building for a period of one year or more. The main purpose of this thesis is to examine the\ud
impact of energy performance certificates of buildings on the real estate prices in Republic of\ud
Slovenia in the period after its enforcement.\ud
The first part of diploma thesis presents the general information about the energy\ud
performance certificate of building and includes an analysis of four studies that provide key\ud
findings in the field of energy efficiency of buildings and the impact of energy performance\ud
certificates of buildings on the real estate prices in other countries. Research in other\ud
countries has shown that energy performance certificates of buildings have some impact on\ud
the real estate prices. In following part the public opinion survey by using a questionnaire is\ud
presented. By means of the questionnaire we analysed the impact of energy performance\ud
certificates of buildings on the real estate prices in Republic of Slovenia and the public attitudes towards the energy efficiency of buildings. The data obtained were analysed by\ud
using the SPSS program and some results were compared with other studies. We found that\ud
the energy performance certificates of buildings (so far) have no major impact on the real\ud
estate prices as in Republic of Slovenia the energy performance certificates of buildings do\ud
not have the tradition yet. However, the buyers of the buildings are slowly starting to consider\ud
the data on the energy classes of buildings
GNSS coordinate basis establishment using simultaneous GNSS RTK measurements
Get PDFThe graduation thesis deals with the quality estimation of simultaneous acquisition of 3D\ud
coordinates using GNSS RTK method. The aim is to acquire the knowledge of the possibility\ud
of the internal network quality improvement by RTK-measurements performed at different sites\ud
at the same time. For this purpose we need several operators at different sites, which are\ud
synchronized in timings of measurements.The test consists from a set of several\ud
measurements acquired by RTK-method with different timing and different occupation\ud
durations. For the experimental tests the network of three points has been established and\ud
determined by a static GNSS method. On the same locations coordinates were further\ud
determined using simultaneous measurements of multiple receivers as well as by successive\ud
measurements with different timings of coordinate’s determination. RTK coordinates were\ud
compared first with coordinates from a static determination. Second comparison of coordinates\ud
of simultaneous and successive determination as well as coordinates with different occupation\ud
durations was performed. From the experimental test we can conclude simultaneous RTKmeasurements,\ud
if possible, enable better internal precision achievement. Second conclusion\ud
is that longer occupation duration leads to the coordinates of a better quality
Developing a program for calculating the volume of earthwork
Get PDFWhen constructing a facility, earthworks have a great impact on the cost of the project. Calculating the\ud
volume of earthwork is therefore a common procedure in the field of Geodesy. Because of the\ud
frequency of the procedure it is smart to make it as efficient and automated as possible. This bachelor\ud
thesis deals with calculating volumes of excavations and volumes of embankments. The emphasis of\ud
the thesis is in the practical case study where we developed a computer program for calculating the\ud
volume of earthwork. The program is written in Java language
Time dependent geodetic networks and coordinate systems
Get PDFThis thesis represents the theoretical and practical aspects of establishing a new coordinate\ud
system on the basis of repeated GNSS observations, which is defined in five steps. First,\ud
we determine the precise coordinates of geodetic stations that are in the second step\ud
transformed to a global coordinate system. In the third step we determine the coordinates\ud
of geodetic stations for the reference epoch with their corresponding velocity vectors on the\ud
basis of repeated GNSS observations. The fourth step is establishing a proper coordinate\ud
system performed using a time-dependent spatial transformation. On the basis of the\ud
estimated velocity vectors in the newly established coordinate system, the geokinematic\ud
model of the corresponding territory can be determined with the least-squares collocation\ud
in the final, fifth step. The practical part of the thesis is based on repeated GNSS\ud
observations in the territory of Slovenia and its surroundings over the last 20 years. The\ud
GNSS observations were obtained for the geodetic stations of the passive GNSS network\ud
as well as for permanent GNSS stations. Besides, our work included the establishment\ud
of a new coordinate system, and an analysis of the precision and accuracy of the already\ud
established coordinate system based on GNSS observations, which has been officially used\ud
in Slovenia since 2008
Determination of the intensity of bacteria Legionella pneumophila attachment to the surface materials for plumbing
Get PDFIn this study we wanted to examine how the adhesion of Legionella pneumophila subsp. pneumophila ATCC 33152 bacterial cells is affected by the properties of various types of materials, such as roughness, hydrophobicity and charge, and how the bacteria are affected by different temperature conditions, shear forces and the presence of disinfectants dichloroisocyanuric acid and water softeners sodium polyphosphate. In the first part of the study we determined the adhesion of bacterial cells on borosilicate glass coupons of different roughness, while in the second part adhesion on the surface of materials that are most commonly used for plumbing and ventilation sistems in buildings. The materials differed in composition, roughness and contact angle. The adhesion of the bacteria to different surfaces was determined by the spectrophotometric measurement of the optical density of crystal violet dye released from the stained bacterial cells adhering to the test surface. In the first part of the study, it was established that the roughness of the material affects the adhesion of bacterial cells, as adhesion was higher on rougher glass coupons. The results of the study of bacterial adhesion to materials most commonly used in plumbing showed that adhesion not only depended on the roughness of the material but also on its other properties, as adhesion was not the lowest on the smoothest material. The test bacteria adhered the most firmly to galvanised pipes and the least firmly to polypropylene pipes. Bacteria adhesion was also affected by the incubation temperature, because adhesion was the highest at a temperature of 36 ° C and the lowest at a temperature of 15 ° C. The results show that incubation temperature of 15 ° C is bacteriostatic and temperature of 55 ° C is bactericidal
Variant project of water supply system Besnica
Get PDFThe goal of my thesis was to show different problems regarding the supply of fresh drinking water and water used for fighting fires in the valley of Besnica. Merging previously mentioned functions on the same water-line system in small settlements can be problematic from water quality point of view due to large quantities of water being held up inside the system because of firefighter-related use . As a result, the retention of water is longer and thus the quality drops. With the use of software tool Epanet 2.0 and with different simulations I showcased these problems and with some alternatives tried to propose some solutions. The solutions provide adequate water, age-wise and for firefighter use. The choice of the right alternative rests on the compromise between the investors, future consumers and firefighter experts
