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Project of the new steel roof structure and fire staircase of the UL FGG building
Get PDFThis thesis is the project of replacing the steel roof construction and the outside fire staircase with elevator of the UL FGG building on Hajdrihova street. First we determine the loads for the roof and the fire staircase. Then we make a 3D model in the program Steel Engineer in order to calculate the internal forces. For the main structure of the roof we select the frame in one direction and frame with centric bracing in other direction. The fire staircase has four internal columns and four external columns around which vertical bracing is placed. Between internal and external columns there are stairs with intermediate platforms. In this project we make the ultimate limit state analysis and seismic analysis for both designs. The seismic analysis is performed using a simplified method of horizontal forces. At roof seismic analysis is used to design vertical bracings and to design the rest of the elements we use the ultimate limit state analysis. At fire staircase seismic analysis is used to design columns, beam and vertical bracings and the ultimate limit state analysis is used for the rest of the elements. In both cases we also design joints and draw the position and detail plans
Fire analysis of partially delaminated curved reinforced concrete beam structures
Get PDFIn the dissertation a new partly coupled numerical model for non linear analysis of homogeneous and partly delaminated curved RC structures exposed to mechanical and temperature load is introduced. Due to its complexity the model is divided into two phases. In the first phase the time and spatial distribution of temperatures in fire compartment is defined by temperature-time fire curves and FDS models. Obtained temperatures from the first phase and mechanical load are used as input parameters in the second phase of the presented model, where the distribution of temperatures, pore pressures, gaseous mixture of dry air and water vapour and stress-strain state are calculated. One of the novelties of the introduced model is the second phase, where chemical-hygro-thermal part and mechanical part of the fire analysis are partly coupled. The connection between the parts is considered with the changed geometry of structure due to concrete spalling. The second novelty of the introduced model is the mechanical part of the fire analysis, where a new group of strain based finite elements for non linear analysis of homogeneous and partly delaminated curved RC structures during fire has been developed. Finite elements are based on kinematically exact planar beam theory of Reissner, non linear material models for concrete and steel at elevated temperatures and costitutive laws for contact surface between beam layers. With the principle of additivity of strain increments temperature strains of concrete and steel, viscous strains of steel, transient strains and creep strains at elevated temperatures for concrete are considered. The restraining effect of soil on tunnel structure is employed with discrete non linear springs. Detailed numerical analyses have revealed, that the introduced model has good efficiency and accuracy and it si perfectly suitable for fire analysis of all kinds of homogeneous and partly delaminated curved RC structures, even tunnels. The parametric studies have showed that the changed geometry of structure due to concrete spalling significantly affects the time and the form of failure of tunnels during fire and that the contact stiffness between the beam layers strongly influences the distribution of internal forces in curved RC structures during fire
Structural design of a four story office building
Get PDFDiploma deals with the design of four story office building. The structural system of the building is made of moment resisting frames in transverse direction and frames with eccentric braces in the longitudinal direction of the building. The geometric nonlinear static analysis with initial imperfections was performed to determine internal forces in the elements. All the elements of supporting structure as well as typical joints were designed. \ud
The static analysis, the seismic action and the design of the elements were performed according to SIST EN 1990, SIST EN 1991, SIST EN 1993, SIST EN 1994 and SIST EN 1998
Analysis of selling prices for flats and single-family houses in 2013 at the level of statistical regions and within selected municipalities in Slovenia
Get PDFThe thesis analyses selling prices for flats and single-family houses in Slovenia on the basis of real estate transactions carried out in 2013. Analyses are presented for the Republic of Slovenia as a whole, as well as on the level of statistical regions and selected municipalities. The analyses indicates that average selling price of flats per square meter was the highest in Osrednjeslovenska and Obalno-kraška statistical region and the lowest on the other hand in Zasavska, Koroška and Pomurska statistical region. Furthermore, average selling price of single-family house was the highest in Osrednjeslovenska and Obalno-kraška statistical region and the lowest on the other hand in Pomurska and Spodnjeposavska statistical region. The volume of transactions with flats and single-family houses in 2013 was, as expected, highest in Osrednjeslovenska in Podravska statistical region. \ud
Another analysis was carried out in order to compare selling prices of housing within municipal centre with selling prices of housing on its surrounding. Analysis was based on housing transactions within municipality of Škofja Loka for the period 2007-2014. Findings suggests that the average selling price of flat per square meter is 3% higher within the municipal centre than the average selling price of flat in the surroundings. The same tendency can be determined for single-family houses: the average selling price of single-family house per square meter is 10% higher in the municipal centre than the average selling price of single-family house per square meter in the surroundings
Proposal for spatial development of village Okroglo in the municipality Naklo
Get PDFThe purpose of this thesis is to provide solutions for development of the village Okroglo in the Municipality Naklo through theoretical basics and analytical part. In the theoretical part there are presented frameworks for spatial development and methodological starting points for rural planning. In the practical part the Municipality Naklo and village Okroglo are presented in its broad and narrow area. A survey was conducted among households in the village. Results of the survey questionnaire reveals us that the residents are in generally satisfied with the village. The only thing missing are recreation and resting areas. For the village to be more attractive, they would visually arrange it. In the analytical part there are presented detailed spatial analysis. All analysis seperately refer to environmental constrains of the area, building age, bussines activities in the village, actual and detailed use of space, morphologycal and visual analysis. All analysis are graphically presented with maps. For basis of the developement of the village, SWOT analysis was made. In the development of the village Okroglo we introduced the regulation of the village center, renewed decaying bulidings, recreational park was regulated and also a connection of the village Okroglo with Spodnja Besnica with a brige across the river Sava was made
Modeling of Asphalt Mixture Behaviour at High Temperature
Get PDFIn this thesis various analyses and modeling of asphalt mixtures are represented. It is\ud
composed of four main parts. In the first part we build up the database of individual\ud
measurements of bituminous binder, aggregate and asphalt mixtures. These data are\ud
analyzed using statistical methods which determine whether the effects of factors and their\ud
interactions are statistically significant. In addition we have used artificial neural networks\ud
for modeling relationship between different parameters and air voids content in asphalt\ud
mixtures and voids content in a mixture of aggregate. In the second part of the study cyclic\ud
triaxial tests and wheel tracking tests were performed to determine the resistance of asphalt\ud
mixtures to permanent deformation at high temperatures. Furthermore other conventional\ud
analyses of asphalt mixtures were performed to use them in different models. Experiments\ud
were done for all principal asphalt mixtures to obtain an extensive model of asphalt\ud
behaviour for mixtures which contain the most and the least air voids. Various linear\ud
models, their validation and extensions to other asphalt mixtures are featured. The third\ud
part deals with the use of different artificial neural networks for modeling permanent\ud
deformation from triaxial tests. The last part presents the use of ultrasonic shear wave\ud
reflection (USWR) method on bituminous binder. For the evaluation of this method three\ud
paving grade bitumens and two polymer modified bitumens were tested. Differences in the\ud
evolution of shear wave reflection coefficient with temperature in the case of different\ud
bitumen types indicate that the presented ultrasonic wave reflection method could\ud
represent an advanced non-destructive technique for monitoring the hardening process of\ud
different types of bitumen
Timber glass wall structural elements
Get PDFThesis deals with mechanic model with springs to calculate the plastic limit state of timber\ud
glass wall with an adhesive bonded joint between glass and timber (also called panel). The\ud
mechanic model was taken from the doctoral dissertation Huveners, E. M. P. 2009,\ud
Circumferentially Adhesive Bonded Glass Panes for Bracing Steel Frames in Façades,\ud
Doctoral Dissertation. Eindhoven University of Technology, the Netherlands, who carried out\ud
the equations for calculating the steel glass panel. We wanted to check if the derived\ud
mechanic model can also be used for timber glass panels. We used it to calculate the timber\ud
glass panel produced by Kager Hiše d.o.o. and which was experimentally tested by the\ud
Faculty of Civil Engineering, University of Maribor. We focused only on one type of the\ud
adhesive joint between timber and glass, on circumferential adhesive joint. Experiments were\ud
carried out only for this type of adhesive joint and also the equations for mechanic model\ud
were derived only for this type of adhesive joint. We found out that the stiffness of the system\ud
calculated with mechanic model is in good agreement with the stiffness of the system got\ud
from experimental results in the case of appropriate selection of the modulus of elasticity and\ud
shear modulus of the adhesive (based on the working diagram of the adhesive)
Study of building envelope influence on the quality of indoor environment and energy use
Get PDFThis master’s thesis aims to determine how – based on the example of a modern singlefamily\ud
house – the design of a building’s envelope influences the comfort of the inhabitants\ud
and the consumption of energy inside buildings. We compared two massive and two light\ud
designs of building envelopes. The massive building envelopes have a load-bearing structure\ud
made of bricks and reinforced concrete and are thermally insulated on the outer side. The\ud
light building envelopes are examples of envelopes used in wooden prefabricated buildings.\ud
All of the above mentioned building envelopes are regularly used in Slovenia. This master's\ud
thesis is divided into several stages. Firstly, we calculated the prescribed parameter values\ud
of thermal comfort. Then we made four calculation models with the help of the EnergyPlus\ud
and placed them at the location Udine. We checked the response of the calculation models\ud
and took further steps towards improving the level of comfort. Next, the calculation model\ud
was moved to a location in Ljubljana. There we repeated the processes from the previous\ud
location – we checked the response of the calculation models and took further steps to\ud
improve the level of comfort. The study showed that the buildings with light building\ud
envelopes are more likely to overheat, have a less stable temperature, and create a less\ud
pleasant living environment than buildings with massive building envelopes. In the end we\ud
calculated the energy consumption for both locations with programmes EnergyPlus and KI\ud
Energija 2014. The comparison shows that the total energy consumption for heating and\ud
cooling is similar in all calculation models. The difference in energy consumption between the\ud
most efficient and the less efficient model is not higher than 14%. The results gathered with\ud
EnergyPlus and KI Energija 2014 are not the same. The comparison shows a deviation of\ud
20% for the location Udine and 7% for the location in Ljubljana
Impact of the grid cell size and interpolation methods on earthwork volume calculation
Get PDFTechnologies of massive spatial data acquisition from air, \ud
compared to a classical terrain measurement, enables an \ud
acquisition of large amounts of data in shorter time and \ud
with comparable quality. Unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) \ud
photogrammetry is increasingly used in the area of the \ud
earthwork volumes determination of landfill or excavation of \ud
the building material. Dense multi-image matching obtains \ud
high-density point cloud. The input data for the earthwork \ud
volumes calculations is a filtered point cloud. The earthwork \ud
volume calculations are calculated with the method of \ud
surface comparisons of two term measurements, created by \ud
a triangulated irregular network (TIN) or grid network. \ud
The impacts of different methods for surface interpolation \ud
and grid cell size on the earthwork volume calculation are \ud
analysed. Reference quantity is the volume, calculated from \ud
TIN surfaces. Good interpolation methods and appropriate \ud
grid cell sizes are determined with the comparison of volumes \ud
from grid and TIN surfaces. The difference between volumes \ud
should not exceed 5
Numerical modelling of mechanical properties of discontinuities in jointed and heterogeneous rock mass
Get PDFThe sufficient knowledge of rock mass properties can ensure that excavation and construction of any geotechnical structure would be safer, time and cost effective. However, rock mass structure is often very complex, because it is a result of diverse geological evolution of a particular region. Therefore, prediction of the rock mass behaviour before the excavation, bound to be addressed with many difficulties. Many different approaches usually used in engineering practice have numerous limitations and its results can lead to incorrect decisions. Due to the rapid development of computer technology, the numerical methods and tools have shown a significant improvement for dealing with problems in rock mechanics and geotechnical engineering. The research presented in this thesis is using the ability of numerical methods for estimation of jointed and heterogeneous rock mass properties, such as flysch. For the first time the synthetic rock mass (SRM) methodology was used in the Universal Distinct Element Code, where intact blocks were simulated by using isotropic-elastic Voronoi elements, and constitutive behaviour of discontinuities was represented by Coulomb residual joint model. The numerical laboratory was developed to simulate the standard laboratory tests on intact rocks, discontinuities and SRM rock mass block. The parametric and sensitivity analysis which was done in numerical laboratory gives guidelines to intact rock calibration procedure. It shows that Voronoi model can give a good prediction of quantitative and qualitative properties of intact rock. An application of SRM methodology on a laboratory-sized and large-scaled SRM model of flysch can predict a non-linear failure envelope, residual and anisotropic behaviour of jointed and heterogeneous rock mass. These results confirm our hypothesis that SRM methodology used in UDEC based on Voronoi model can be used as an advanced tool for predicting the mechanical behaviour of rock masses comparing to approaches commonly used in engineering practice