3400 research outputs found
Sort by
Degraded sites in the Zasavje region
Get PDFThe main purpose and goal of this thesis was to uniformly define and categorize degraded sites in the\ud
Zasavje region, particularly, in the municipalities of Hrastnik, Trbovlje and Zagorje ob Savi. To\ud
accomplish this, we first defined the typology and criteria, which we used to assess the form and level\ud
of degradation. With a uniform and comprehensive listing of degraded sites, as well as basic statistical analysis, we presented an evaluation of the current situation of the sites, belonging to the examined area. In addition to the gathered data on catalogued sites, we have also collected data on development plans and suggested some of our own ideas for rehabilitation and reuse of degraded sites. With a\ud
comprehensive overview of degraded sites, we present our own contribution to the improvement of land use and sustainable development in the Zasavje region
The use of foundry sand in the composition of the asphalt mixture
Get PDFThe main components of asphalt mixtures are fractions of stone aggregates, filler and bitumen. The main component in produced asphalt mixture by mass represents stone fractions with about 85% by weight. When stone materials for the production of asphalt mixtures are replaced with secondary raw materials, then problems associated with acquiring suitable stone fractions can be avoided or at least significantly reduced. The study presents the possibility of use of foundry sand as a secondary raw material that is a substitute fraction of stone material in the production of asphalt mixtures.\ud
The aim of the master thesis is to examine whether the waste moulding sand can be used as substitute for mineral fractions in asphalt mixtures. Additionally it was assumed that there can be even some improvement in terms of reducing the consumed energy for the production and building in of hot mix asphalt mixture. At the same time there must be ne decrease in the essential characteristics of the bituminous mixture, such as, for example, resistance to the resistance to rutting, water resistance and resistance to low temperatures. Because bentonites contained in the selected foundry sands is was expected easier compaction of the asphalt layers, or the possibility of compaction of asphalt layers at lower temperatures than normal. Similar effects to ease of compaction due to crystal bound water are known for zeolites.\ud
The main part of the master work is designed to evaluate the contribution of foundry sand to compaction of asphalt mixtures. The goal of addition of foundry sand in asphalt mixtures, is not just adding large quantities of secondary raw materials, but also to prove additional positive effect on compaction at lower temperatures due to the presence of bentonite in which is still some active bound water. All significant tests of the intrinsic properties of asphalt mixtures were carried out to verify if addition of the foundry sand effect on these properties of asphalt mixtures.\ud
It was found out that the addition of foundry sand substantially affect only on the ease of workability of asphalt layers. Only addition of 4% foundry sand has similar effect as the most commonly used low-temperature additives (paraffin waxes and zeolite). From the results it is evident decrease in some mechanical properties (stability and Marshall stiffness) for asphalt mixtures prepared at 120 °C in comparison with the mechanical properties of the asphalt mixtures prepared at 150 °C. But, according to the criteria of the standard JUS U.E4.014 all asphalt mixtures still meet the requirements. It should be noted that the standard JUS since 2003 is no longer in force and so criteria for the stability and deformation are no longer officially required for roads. In the standard EN 13108-1 are only categories or asphalt mixtures used in airports, required categories for concrete asphalt are determined by contracting authority. Although the mechanical properties of stability and deformation or their limit values are no longer required and determined by the standard for laboratory testing of asphalt mixtures for road construction, they were used to identify and define the change in two basic mechanical properties - stability and deformation. In this way it was possible to easily define if mechanical properties of asphalt mixture changed significantly with the addition of foundry sand at different temperatures. Decrease in production temperature and thus more impact on the stability of asphalt test, on the other hand the amount of added foundry sand effect on the indirect tensile strength ITSR.\ud
So in the asphalt mixture can be added to the 9 % foundry sand, with no substantial effect on the quality of the asphalt layer
Shear connection between steel beam and timber panel
Get PDFThis thesis deals with experimental tests of two simply supported composite beams (steel - timber) loaded in bending. The first beam is assembled of a steel beam IPE140 and a glued laminated (GL) timber plate. The second beam has equal steel cross-section and a cross-laminated timber (CLT) plate. The thesis focuses on the manufacturing and construction procedures of the beams, the preparation for testing and on the analysis of test results. The missing material properties are calculated from the test results. The degree of shear connection is calculated from the test results using th
The analysis of documentation for acquiring the building permit for a complex building where the investor is the local community
Get PDFMy thesis includes and analyses the documentation an investor needs to prepare during the process of acquiring the building permit where the investor is a local community and presented specific elements involved in this process on an actual case. The case is the reconstruction of »St. Francis Assisi protocol and event hall«. It's a very complex building inside a protected cultural-inheritance area, proclaimed as cultural monument of local interest. First chapter of my thesis describes the legislative frame an investor must consider before starting a reconstruction programme of a complex building. It is also addresses the\ud
legislation on the preparation of project documentation and investment documentation given the fact that the investor is public budget user. Second chapter describes and analyses the documentation needed for acquiring a building permit for the reconstruction of »St. Francis Assisi protocol and event hall« as the investor is the Municipality of Koper. I discussed in detail a document of identification of an investment project since it is the basic investment document. Further on, I discussed contents and components of a project for acquiring a building permit. I focused on the contents of the main map, including cultural and protective permits, approvals to connect to public utility infrastructure and very specific requirements of individual consent authorities. In my thesis I note that the process for obtaining a building\ud
permit for a reconstruction of a building where an investor is a local community, investment and project documentation involved in the process of building a building are constantly intertwined and complementary. Due to the importance of the building, in terms of the protection of cultural heritage, both the investor and the project designer and, later on contractors for construction, finishing and installation works in the design phase and the\ud
implementation phase, have to continuously coordinate and cooperate with the Institute for the protection of Cultural Heritage of Slovenia, the Regional Unit Piran
Effective and efficient implementation of supervision in the process of building
Get PDFConstruction process supervision is as broad and complex domain. Legal requirements defining a construction process represent a legal framework for any building project. Building projects are exposed to different risks. In order to improve managing of projects and relative risks a specific knowledge domain - project management was developed. Main task of the project management is analysis and control of uncertain events, which can affect the construction process and prevent successful accomplishment of project goals. Efficient and effective supervision enables rapid identification of possible deviations from planned construction process caused by different events. It is therefore necessary to define and analyse risk factors that can cause these unpredictable events in the early stages of construction planning process. The next step is definition of preventive activities, which should be implemented.\ud
Different categories of supervision activities follow the construction process and provide its regular validation relative to planning framework. In the thesis, different types of supervision activities were analysed, with specific focus on external supervision process performed by state inspection authorities. The complexity of external regulatory supervision process was demonstrated and comparison of approaches between different countries performed. \ud
In the thesis, a tool addressing this complexity was analysed, where IDEF0 process description standard was used. Using the this approach for the modelling of the state inspection of construction process we have obtained an improved insight into this complex activity and identified several process components that currently limit the efficiency and effectiveness of this service
Impact of construction machinery on vibrations and resulting damage on buildings
Get PDFThis thesis deals with impact of traffic and construction-induced vibrations on existing facilities. Protecting measures are very limitied, therefore it is necessary to set out the calculations and measurrements before the construction work. Parameter for assesing the impact of vibration on the building, which is widely recognized and compared to the criteria given in standard, is peak particle\ud
velocity. Based on the peak particle velocity we can determine the minimum distance between the source and existing building, in order to avoid construction damage. Slovenia has no standard for setting limit values for peak particle velocity. We have listed the limit values of peak particle velocity as defined in British, Austrian, German and Swiss standards. Dynamic analyses with computer program Plaxis were carried out to analyze the impact of consrtuctioninduced vibrations on the ground. Since we are interested in the surface waves, the measuirng points were set on ground surface. We selected the appropriate time interval and recorded the highest peak particle velocity. As we were interested in the influence of soil characteristics on the results, the stifness of the ground was varied in the first case and the results compared to empirical equation. In the second case, the results using two different soil material models were compared. A linear-elastic and HS-Small model were used to model the soil. As in first case, the comparission of the calculated peak particle velocities showed, that the HS-Small model is more suitable for the analysis of ground vibrations
The communal infrastructure construction on building land in the municipalities of Izola and Piran
Get PDFThe graduation thesis deals with the communal infrastructure construction on building land in the municipalities of Izola and Piran. In the first part, selected municipal detailed spatial plans and belonging programmes of supplying services to building land are presented. Furthermore, methods and criteria of calculating building land development fee are analysed within selected programmes of supplying services to building land. The costs of building a new communal infrastructure and the costs of existing communal infrastructure are discussed in the thesis as well as well as the ratio between them. The amount of the building land development fee has also an impact on the decision of potential investor on the investment project
Design of wooden projecting roof for cars
Get PDFIn the graduation thesis I designed a wooden projecting roof for cars in dimensions 6.50 m x 6.61 m, with the help of static analysis in the computer program Tower 7. In the program I modelled the projecting roof and calculated the inner static quantities. For each of the structural elements I checked the dimension adequacy of the elements with the using prescribed controls of the ultimate limit states and the serviceability limit states in accordance with the Eurocodes 5
Implementation of the European Flood Directive
Get PDFNatural disasters have always posed a risk and danger for the human life. They are often responsible\ud
for human casualties and for large amount of property damage. Despite big improvements in our\ud
civilization, natural disasters still make a big impact in our lives. With ongoing growth of the\ud
population and higher population density, the risks are getting higher. Therefore we strive to set up systems that would protect us. Although natural disasters are mostly impossible to fully prevent, we search for measures that would restrict their consequences. At first, we need to know about the phenomena that we face. For observing and measuring we need to have good systems for detection. After getting the data that we need, it is possible to identify which measures would be reasonable and best in our situation. Because of this facts, we have implemented the European Flood directive, which provides operational guidelines flood measures for each country of the European Union. European Flood directive is based on 3 steps: preliminary flood risk assessment, developement of flood hazard maps and flood risk maps and finally flood risk management plans. Countries must undertake these steps to ensure safety for human lives and health, and also to reduce damage on environment, cultural heritage, economic activity and infrastructure
Conceptual plan of bypass channel for flood waters
Get PDFMain function of the bypass channel is evident from its name- it means relieving high waters. The bypass channel is one of many water related construction measures, which we use to ensure flood safety. In practice it is used quite rarely, firstly because it is hard to spatially place it and secondly it represents artificial channel which divides the area into two units. In this diploma thesis we face the problematic question of unthoughtful interventions where\ud
the mentioned measure is only used on local basis, without knowing the theoretical background. We present the water construction measure in wider perspective where we define its causes as well as its consequences of placement in the space and its existence in general. Regarding to the cause we define the background of needs to construct the bypass channel. These are natural-geographical characteristics connected to watercourse and its surrounding area. After the finished sample analysis we pass to researching the\ud
consequences. In this area of research especially with different hydrological and hydraulic analysis we try to find the perfect solution and reduce the consequences