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Statical analysis of the roof structure in Šenk homestead protected as national cultural heritage site
Get PDFThis thesis presents the static analysis of the heritage protected Šenk homestead's roof structure with the use of the structural analysis program SAP2000. For this purpose I have analyzed the chronological decay of roof structure elements and made a parametrical study of six static roof structure models. The basic model has four frames with a trapeze shaped triple roof static system Mechanical parameters for the calculation of spruce elements (compressive strength, bending strength, elastical mosulus, shear modulus) for statical analysis were gained by laboratorical testing of spruce samples.\ud
I have researched how gradual decay of the roof structure have influenced the deformation of the underlying stone walls. The northern walls are the most damaged with the widest cracks and are almost completely seperated from the rest of the house. Vertical reactions and displacemants of the roof wall plate roller supports were therefore the main focus of this analysis. Dead load, live load, snow load and wind load are assesed using Eurocode standards. Static analysis is based on the method of limit state load (MSN).\ud
Analysis shows that the main reason for the north wall deformation is the influence of deformed roof structure and ground setlement. The house is without a foundation and its walls sit directly on rocks that are laying in in soft gravel soil. The house was without gutters and drainage for a long time. Rainwater was therefore able to wash away the soft subgrade causing additional subgrade subsidence. The roof wall plate had to be supported at some point in time, which means that the north wall was without vertical load and consequently constant compressive stress, that had a positive effect on it. As a result the northern wall was able to deform even more. Point supported roof wall plate caused greatly increased horizontal reactions in NE and NW corner of the north wall, that have triggered the beginning of the formation of cracks
Numerical analyses of impact of large reinforced concrete container
Get PDFIn the process of the construction of low- and intermediate-nuclear waste repository, a reinforced concrete container, in which the waste is going to be stored, was designed. In this thesis, the impact of the container with a rigid ground was analysed. Such a drop test is required by the Law on transportation of dangerous goods, which is referring to European Agreement Concerning the International Carriage of Dangerous Goods by Road (ADR). A finite element method code Abaqus/Explicit was used for analysis, solving the structural dynamic equation with an explicit method. \ud
In the first part, the numerical model, type of analysis and used material models are presented. Material model describing the behaviour of concrete was carefully selected, as concrete is one of the most complex materials, because of its anisotropic behaviour and nonhomogeneous composition. Concrete damage plasticity model, which is used, is capable of describing the damage in the material under load as well as the different behaviour in tension and compression. Simple tests on a rod and a three and four point bending beam were conducted to see material behaviour in such circumstances.\ud
In the second part, the results of analysis for both the model of impact on the corner and the tumble over one side of the container are first presented. A parametric study was conducted in which we changed the values of chosen parameters. Energy throughout the analysis is presented and based on the results the parameters that impact the results are identified. In the last part, influential parameters are recognised and some proposals on the improvement of the numerical model are given
Analysis of land highest and best use in the case of residential building in Ljubljana
Get PDFIn the process of defining the highest and best land use is vital that the purpose of the land and spatial implementation conditions are clearly defined. The land use within spatial plans should be defined using professional bases, taking into account principles of sustainable development, quality of living conditions, spatially coordinated and complementary sorted activities, environmental protection program and other factors. Based on written above, a rational investor building for sale on the market, will start the construction on certain land only, if the net present value of the project is higher than zero. The thesis deals with the case of an investor who has to decide between several types of housing construction on the building plot, located in the City municipality of Ljubljana, in accordance with the principle of the highest and best land use
Industrial wastewater treatment plant of sugar production
Get PDFSugar as product in our every day’s life’s been consumed in enormous quantities as one of main resources in food and drink industry. Production processes of sugar from sugar beet bring significant environmental impacts with it’s waste waters as the biggest pollutant. The thesis deals with sugar production waste water’s treatment process by presenting an example of waste water treatment plant of sugar factory, therefor presenting the production processes in sugar factories and their environmental impacts to point waste water sources. For an comprehensive approach it is presented also the environmental legislation as legal base for treatment planning and examination of waste water with high organics treatment technologies, especially the anaerobic treatment and available anaerobic reactor technologies and their applications at sugar industry sector
Active noise protection and combination with photovoltaics
Get PDFA responsible attitude to nature should be the goal of all countries of the world and not just the European Union. An increasing reliance on fossil fuels has been, polluting the environment which has further led to a global climate change, threatenings the very existence of the planet. \ud
An efficient use of renewable energy resources (RES) may be a solution. These resources derived from ongoing natural processes, such as solar radiation, wind, water flow (hydropower) and photosynthesis which make plants build biomass and natural heat flow (geothermal energy), which do\ud
not totally exploit the energy source itself.\ud
We therefore, need economic incentives to widespread the use of renewable energy resources around the world extenisvely.\ud
Photovoltaic energy is one of the fastest growing forms of energy use. This is the energy that comes from the sun in the form of solar radiation. Using photovoltaics, solar energy can be used for various purposes in an urban environment, household, industry, etc. Photovoltaic power plants are widespread in Europe (Germany, Spain, Switzerland, etc.). Their operation is quiet, they are visually unobtrusive. There is no need for extra fuel, which makes them environmentally friendly. The thesis discusses active noise protection (noise barriers) and photovoltaic (PV) power plants. Combining noise barriers and PV power plants simultaneously protects the environment from excessive road noise and convers solar energy into a direct current electricity. Existing noise barriers can form basis for installing PV power plants and increase their intended use
Installation of steel membrane structure
Get PDFWithin this thesis we discussed the process of manufacture and installation of a steel membrane structure. We presented the main components of the facility and its advantages compared with conventional engineering structures. Although in Slovenia a number of such facilities have been placed, prejudices regarding membrane structures still occur. Above all, doubts about the load-bearing capacity and the durability of membrane covers occur, which is completely superfluous when choosing a high-quality manufacturer. The intended use of such structures is increasing day by day, which can be attributed to a quality implementation and a constant development of structures and membrane covers. Through the presented and described phases, also the machinery and other equipment that is necessary for a successful implementation and installation, is listed. A great advantage of steel membrane structures is represented by a simple foundation, which can be used at relatively large spans of the structure. A membrane cover with appropriately selected colours provides a good illumination of the place, while a good colour combination makes the facility visually attractive. The thesis also represents a brief overview of the membrane material and the procedures of cutting out and welding of individual strips
Analysis of modern software tools for modeling intersections
Get PDFDesign of new and reconstruction of existing crossings is a complex task that follows the general procedure of verification established analytical suitability of existing and planned new arrangements. Interference in the organization of the intersection requires a detailed examination of the current situation and the situation at the end of the planning period of the facility. Since analytical proceed in many cases do not show the real picture of the actual traffic conditions and the impact of interventions in the organization of the crossings to traffic flows were further developed simulation methods of traffic analysis. With the desire to surgery with the most accurate information on the impact of changes in the geometry of intersections on traffic flows at intersections, so we use more and more manufacturing traffic simulations. In today's digital age, the market appears a lot of software tools which offer in addition to the analytical analysis of the possibility of making simulations of traffic. Despite the different methods used by software tools, one would expect that their results show the same problems in the traffic flows. This thesis mutually comparing two commonly used software tools for the manufacture of traffic simulations. A comparison was made in a real crossroads in Ljubljana. The task of a brief description of each programming models and tools for the current intersection provides a comparison between the average lengths of queues and delays for comparing different arrangements junction in the current time and the time after the planned life of the facility
Geographic information system of gas pipeline network in Javno podjetja Energetika Ljubljana
Get PDFThe diploma thesis presents a project to establish a geographic information system (GIS) for a gas pipeline network at Javno podjetje Energetika Ljubljana, a public undertaking with which we cooperated. Procedures for updating the pipeline network database are described in detail and certain spatial analysis procedures provided by the mentioned GIS are presented. Using the system, the\ud
number of built and inactive gas connections or customers in the area of the Ljubljana City Municipality was estimated. The results revealed that most potential gas customers, from a total of 5.817, come from the eastern part of the Ljubljana City Municipality: in settlements Novo Polje, Polje and Vevče
Geodetic works on the construction of overpass Lipovci
Get PDFThe thesis describes the geodetic works on the construction of overpass Lipovci. It describes geodetic work before construction, during construction and after the construction. The establishment of surveying network is explained and making of the geodetic plan. It also contains a full description of the stakeout procedures and methods. Specify the accuracy of stakeout method. This is followed by stakeout procedures on overpass and used instrumentation. It is described concrete example of stakeout on deck construction. The analysis accuracy of stakeout it´s described at the end
Urban system development in Slovenia
Get PDFIn this thesis, we focus on the development of the urban system in Slovenia. The topic is important in terms of spatial arrangements and the settlement, as it represents a network of cities and settlement and their interactions, with regard to the hierarchy of cities and settlements of various sizes and functions. In the first part of work, theoretical part, we define the topic based on existing literature, presents the established definitions of urban system and its components; present a well-established theory of central places and the concept of polycentricity. In the second part of work, we use milestones in history, an overview of studies, adopted spatial planning legislation and adopted strategies to present the development of a polycentric urban system and the design of settlements in Slovenia since the end of the 2nd World War. With the analysis and critical assessment of the development of the urban system and an analysis of progress in the development of the urban system in Slovenia, we present a conformity assessment of the development of a polycentric settlement concept, according to the objectives, which were set in the adopted legislation and the adopted strategies. In this part of work, we try to give an answer to the question of whether the objectives to develop a polycentric urban network, installed in the past were met. We also try to determine whether the development of polycentric urban system is going in ambitious direction and we try to find places, which have been, are and will be the frame of polycentric urban system