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Biodegradable waste recycling
Full text linkThe diploma work discusses biodegradable waste, as they are the largest in terms of quantity of all municipal waste. The approach to such waste in terms of the material circuit is of utmost importance, as we return them back into use as a product in a relatively easy manner, through recycling, which is environmentally acceptable.\ud
The first part of the diploma work encompasses legislative frameworks regarding the description of biodegradable waste, their processing and deposit. The second chapter places emphasis on additional legislation in connection with aerobic (composting) and anaerobic (fermentation) waste treatment and restrictions of such waste disposal on depot.\ud
The second part of the diploma work thoroughly describes all types and quantities of biodegradable waste, the basic principles of biodegradation processes and two main processing technologies in this respect. At this point, the diploma work further focuses on the simplest form of aerobic degradation or composting, which is considered in detail within the description of process, processing technology and the final product. These chapters are the focus of the study, as they accurately show the process of\ud
biodegradable waste to the final product (compost).\ud
In the last part of the diploma work, a comparison of aerobic and anaerobic biodegradation products is made. This part reveals the content of harmful and beneficial substances in compost and residual sludge from purification plant. By means of analyses presented in this part of the survey, we confirmed that compost and residual sludge not only contain the largest amount of nutrients easily accessible to plants, but also the largest amount of heavy metals, which can be reduced by awareness-raising and better separation of waste so as to satisfy the statutory criteria that apply for the first class quality products
Analysis of rehabilitation project - bridge over Sava river in Podnart
Full text linkBridging structures are civil engineering facilities that represent one of the key elements of the road infrastructure. They are often considered as the most expensive, the most important and the most delicate parts of the roads, which is why they should be given particular attention not only during the design and construction stages but also during the use-phase. During their lifetime, bridges are exposed to negative impacts, such as excessive loads, unfavourable climatic conditions, careless construction and poor maintenance. However, requirements related to their load capacity, sustainability and safety increase regularly with time. In order to ensure that the facility serves its purpose in a safe and sustainable way, it needs to be maintained on a regular basis. The thesis introduces two renovation solutions of the bridge over the river Sava in the village of Podnart. Through regular and detailed monitoring of the facility, damages were identified that required a rapid renovation in the form of construction reinforcement. It needed to be chosen between the reinforcements through bonding carbon lamellas or concreting two additional reinforced concrete beams under the deck construction. Both solutions have been compared in terms of technology and costs. With the help of multiple-criteria decision-making through analytic hierarchy process method, the better of the both solutions has been chosen in the light of costs, sustainability of the bridge, renovation time and aesthetic value. In order to fulfil the requirements of both the operator and the user, the selected measures always need to be acceptable in terms of costs as well as time
Upgrade of computer program for water hammer calculation with cavitation condition
Full text linkA change of flow velocity induces pressure fluctuations in piping systems, where flow of a liquid is under pressure. Liquid column separation occurs when the pressure drops to the level of the liquid vapour pressure. For the requirements of the graduation thesis, the computer program for water hammer calculation, which does not take into account a vaporatization process at the liquid vapour\ud
pressure, was upgraded to the discrete vapour cavity model, where the condition of the liquid column separation is taken into account. In addition to the primary upgrade, the program was further improved with the method of improved timing of opening and collapse of a vapour cavity. The validation of three versions of the program, which was carried out with the comparison between numerical results\ud
and results from laboratory measurements, clearly showed advantages of the improved numerical model
Analysis of the use of close-range aerial stereo-pairs for producing a geodetic plan
Full text linkThe thesis presents the analysis of the use of close-range aerial stereo-pairs for producing a geodetic plan. The aim of the thesis is to analyze strengths and weaknesses of stereoscopic data acquisition of stereo-pairs for producing a large-scale geodetic plan, and to compare the data with the reference data represented by classical geodetic measurements. We use a practical case to describe data acquisition process by means of the unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) Aibotix X6; image processing by means of the photogrammetric software PhotoScan; process of making stereo-pairs and stereoscopic data acquisition performed by the photogrammetric workstation. Photogrammetric products (dense point cloud, digital terrain and surface model, orthophoto) are presented as well as their accuracy and stereoscopic data acquisition quality analysis. Three different methods of data acquisition are compared and their\ud
suitability is evaluated. Data evaluation results show that UAV system can be used for large scale mapping. In comparison with reference classical geodetic measurement method, the proposed method is cheaper and faster while producing comparable results. Photogrammetric products show an added value not present in the classical geodetic survey
Sea-level measurements for the determination of the vertical datum of Slovenia
Full text linkThe graduation thesis describes sea-level measurements on tide gauge stations in Trieste and Koper, which are used for the determination of the vertical datum of Slovenian leveling networks. The graduation thesis contains a history analysis from the beginning of measurements in the XIX century in Trieste until the modern tide gauge station in Koper. The basic principles of tides and the possibility of the determination of the mean sea-level from sea-level measurements are also described
Public-private partnerships in context of risk management and contractual and organisational models
Full text linkThe thesis deals with risk management in Public Private Partnerships (PPP). The use of PPPs is increasing as it leads to lower public debt. The relationship between Public and Private partner is long term, therefore the associated risks have to be carefully identified and analysed. According to the Slovenian PPP Act, risk transfer between Public and Private partner is mandatory for the partnership if it is defined as Public Private Partnership. The use of PPPs is associated with different risks for all stakeholders involved, therefore the research was limited to the method of risk management, risk analysis techniques and organizational forms in the various forms of public-private partnerships. Due to the complexity and interdisciplinary nature of public-private partnerships, different approaches for risk management are required, both in terms of risk management in specific organization, project management and construction. The thesis presents different methods of risk management. Numerical Monte Carlo simulation model for the determination of the overall risk cost is proposed. On the basis of the calculated expected value and variance of the overall risk cost, further analysis of risk-bearing capacity according to the presented model of risk allocation, can be carried out. The results may support the stakeholders during the decision making process and as such, they may increase the probability of success of the PPP
Analysis of the process of spatial planning of hydropower plants on the Middle Sava River by making optimization of project management using the software Primavera
Full text linkFor large projects of national importance, a spatial plan of national importance has to be prepared before siting can be conducted. This procedure is prescribed in Spatial planning Arrangements of National Importance Act, and also includes legislative acts and executive regulations related to other fields. Due to the complexity of the process, the master’s thesis includes a process diagram defining different activities crucial for preparing a spatial plan of national importance as well as the stakeholders involved in the procedure. The process diagram also includes all other (non-legislative) procedures of siting and environmental planning, in addition to activities connected with the preparation of project documentation and investment documentation, expert guidelines, implementation of project communication, etc. After defining the necessary activities in the process diagram for the spatial arrangements of national importance, the entire procedure was modelled using the IDEF0 diagram software. This was done to present the procedure more comprehensively (a tree diagram), thus making the entire process more comprehensible to all the stakeholders involved in the spatial plan of national importance. In addition to understanding the procedure, an investor also has to be familiar with the time scheduling and financial planning of the process. Therefore, we designed a time schedule with the Microsoft Project software where the estimated duration of each activity and the entire procedure of preparing a spatial plan of national importance are presented, as well as all incurring costs. However, the described approach does not include the possibility of additional (unexpected) influences on each activity (possible reasons an activity would take longer than planned), which is why the thesis also includes a comparative time schedule (together with the estimated costs) obtained with the Primavera software solution, enabling flexible deadlines for each activity and providing the probability of activity completion by a given date. A comparison of the results for time scheduling and financial planning obtained with Microsoft Project and Primavera solutions illustrates the influence of unexpected events on the duration of preparing a spatial plan of national importance, and the resulting differences in the estimated costs
Establishing a benchmark for monitoring the stability of the outflow channel at the dam in Markovci
Full text linkDuring the construction of small hydropower plant in Markovci, an elevation point – the benchmark, that allowed the transfer of height on spillways, was destroyed. The thesis presents the process of stabilization and determination of definite heights of the new benchmarks. We performed a survey of geometric levelling with a reference to the two baseline benchmark R36 and R37 to determine the \ud
definite height of two newly stabilized benchmarks and a re-measurement of the benchmarks on spillways. A height comparison was made of the benchmarks on the spillways with the last measurement in 2011 and an analysis of results
Analysis of public procurement - road stabilisation
Full text linkThe thesis deals with the analysis of the public order to publication on the public procurement portal, its procedures and the execution of works. At the beginning, legislation of public procurement is presented and describes the different procedures, which usually occur in the construction field. On the specific case, we discovered which issues the potential bidder is facing while submitting public order. The tender documents, procedure for submission and opening of bids, competitive insight and the subscriber's decision to contract is presented. In making the offer, the starting points are presented, which the provider has taken into account in calculations of pro forma and wondered whether the decision to choose company with the low offer price is correct or not. The execution of the work, comparison of the project and the works carried out and its variations is presented. Throughout the assignment, we confirmed the fact that it is essential for a potential supplier, which reports itself in the area of construction, disposal of its own resources of materials, its own production of these and location of construction
Impact of traffic-technical characteristics oftraffic lanes on road safety in multi-levelintersections
Full text linkMulti-level intersections are considered to be an important factor of road infrastructure. Unfortunately, there has not been enough attention paid to them in the recent years. Considering the fact that on a relatively short distance multi-level intersections include many different elements of road surfaces which can influence road safety, the main aim of the Master’s thesis was set, namely how the choice of traffic-technical characteristics influences road safety in multi-level intersections. By introducing motion of Technical Specifications for Public Roads in February 2002 (TSC 03.343: Multi-level Road Junctions and Interchanges), there were first steps made towards regulating the multi-level intersections. But it went no further than that; therefore the purpose of the Master’s thesis to find sensible suggestions to be included in the final version of the technical specification. Following the introduction of multi-level intersections regarding their use of time, place and purpose, the thesis presents different types of multi-level intersections as well as their main components. Since it was found out that legislation and terminology concerning the topic are not adequate, propositions were made. The thesis also deals with road safety which is influenced by drivers, vehicles and the environment and it includes the methods for its specification. By testing the hypotheses, it was realised that it is possible to influence the level of road safety if traffic-technical elements in multi-level intersections are chosen correctly. Finally, based on the analyses, suggestions for road condition improvement are put forward