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Experiences with a guided trauma-focused internet- and mobile-based intervention : a qualitative study of youth’s perspectives
No full textIntroduction: Research on internet-interventions for youth with post-traumatic stress symptoms (PTSS) is limited, despite promising results in adults. A non-randomised feasibility study of a therapist-guided trauma-focused internet- and mobile-based intervention (IMI) showed potential in reducing PTSS but revealed challenges with adherence and individual fit. Insights from qualitative studies can enhance intervention quality by addressing personal needs. This study explores participants’ views on the feasibility of a therapist-guided trauma-focused IMI to improve digital trauma interventions.
Methods: Semi-structured interviews based on theoretical models of acceptance and human support in IMIs were conducted with 17 of 32 participants from a self-help-based trauma-focused IMI with therapist guidance. Audio-recorded interviews were transcribed and analyzed using deductive-inductive content analysis. Independent coding resulted in good agreement (κ = .76).
Results: 20 themes were identified and organised under nine dimensions: participation motivation and expectations; recruitment process; treatment adherence and everyday use of therapeutic exercises; trauma processing; non-trauma processing intervention components; technology, structure, and design of the IMI; human support; individual fit; and active factors and efficacy. The technology, structure, and design of the IMI and other non-trauma-focused components were rated positively. Trauma processing presented challenges for many but was still perceived as a helpful and relevant active factor. Some felt a lack of therapeutic support, and greater personalisation of guidance was a frequent suggestion for improving the individual fit. The IMI’s efficacy was most often perceived in its effects on improved coping with trauma and symptoms.
Discussion: The study identified key themes for the feasibility of a trauma-focused IMI for youth, showing general acceptance of its design, structure, and technology. While trauma processing in IMIs poses challenges similar to face-to-face therapy, these can be addressed by clarifying the therapy rationale, making trauma processing an important active factor. Further research is needed to improve individualisation and therapeutic support intensity
Psychiatric and psychological brief psychotherapy for depression PKP
No full textThis work presents the Psychiatric and Psychological Brief Psychotherapy PKP for depression, which is based on the three pillars (modules) of symptom therapy (dealing with the symptom), skills training (exposure to joy, fear, anger and grief) and working with the dysfunctional survival rule (establishing a new life rule that gives permission). Originally working with consultation cards, a PKP manual for each disorder is now the guideline for the specific therapeutic procedure. The difference to conventional therapy manuals is the modular structure, which is aimed at personalised, individual therapy planning and implementation. This results in a flexible therapy concept that differs from patient to patient
Lending Legitimacy to Corporate Digital Responsibility : Trust in Firm Versus Government Regulation of Artificial Intelligence Services
No full textDespite the expanding discourse on corporate digital responsibility (CDR), service firms are not perceived as using AI responsibly. Consequently, customers prefer governments more than firms to regulate AI, whereas AI service firms must strive to achieve legitimacy among customers. To address the dearth of relevant research, we conducted a multimethod investigation comprising four studies. The analysis of multinational survey data and a Facebook Ads experiment showed that customers’ concern about AI (“AI concern”) increases their preference for government regulation versus firms’ self-regulation of AI. In the nine countries sampled, the preference for government regulation was stronger in materialist (vs. post-materialist) cultures and where regulatory quality and technology use were high, but weaker where rule-of-law was high. Subsequently, we examined whether signaling CDR (as self-regulation) and compliance with government regulation mitigate the negative downstream impact of AI concern. When interacting with a custom-built service chatbot, participants’ AI concern reduced their willingness to share data. However, this effect was attenuated by signaling compliance with government regulation (EU AI Act), which also decreased customers’ perceived vulnerability. Hence, rather than positioning CDR efforts solely as self-regulation, AI service firms can build legitimacy by proactively, voluntarily, and explicitly incorporating government regulations into their CDR implementation
On best approximation by multivariate ridge functions with applications to generalized translation networks
No full textAccounting for Formative and Reflective Topics in Product Review Data for Better Consumer Insights
No full textObservations of product and service reviews suggest that textual product reviews may contain statements about the overall experience (“We had a great time”) or, similarly, about whether to recommend a particular product. The authors argue that such statements encapsulate an overall assessment and hence are not independently informative about, but rather reflect, overall ratings. The authors propose a model that allows for the distinction between topics that contribute to and topics that merely reflect an overall evaluation and apply the model to a dataset consisting of luxury hotel reviews. The findings show that, compared with a standard supervised latent Dirichlet allocation, the proposed model better fits the data and improves customer insights by resulting in more semantically coherent topics that point at specific aspects with positive and negative relationships to customers’ evaluation of their experience
Ad fontes moralitatis : zur Komplexität sittlicher Handlungsbewertung
No full textIn der sittlichen Bewertung von Handlungen wird häufig auf die fontes moralitatis, die „Quellen der Sittlichkeit“, rekurriert und die Gewichtung einzelner fontes (Objekt, Absicht und Umstände) diskutiert. Anhand einschlägiger Texte des kirchlichen Lehramts und Thomas von Aquins stellt der folgende Artikel zunächst einige Verständnisse der fontes moralitatis dar und untersucht diese auf ihre Konsistenz, Adäquatheit und Funktion. Dabei zeigt sich, dass bestimmte Konzepte der fontes moralitatis mehrere Ungereimtheiten aufweisen und teilweise widersprüchlich sind. Der Komplexität menschlichen Handelns werden sie kaum gerecht. Um eine unzulässige Vermischung der fontes mit normativer Ethik zu vermeiden, muss zudem stärker berücksichtigt werden, dass in hohem Maße perspektivabhängig ist, was als „Objekt“ einer Handlung gilt: Je nachdem, inwieweit Absicht und Umstände in die Objektbeschreibung einfließen, ändert sich gegebenenfalls auch die Handlungsbewertung
An interdisciplinary perspective on AI-supported decision making in medicine
No full textArtificial intelligence (AI)-supported medical diagnosis offers the potential to utilize the collaborative intelligence of context-sensitive humans and narrowly focused machines for patients’ benefit. The employment of machine-learning-based decision-support systems (MLDSS) in medicine, however, raises important multidisciplinary challenges that cannot be addressed in isolation. We discuss three disciplinary perspectives on the topic and their interplay. Ethical issues arise at the level of changing responsibility structures in healthcare. Behavioral issues relate to the actual impact that the system has on physicians. Technical issues arise with respect to the training of a machine learning (ML) model that gives accurate advice. We argue that the interaction between physicians and MLDSS including the concrete design of the interface in which this interaction occurs can only be considered at the intersection of all three disciplines
Apokalypse(n) : Prophetien des Weltuntergangs in der katholischen und portestantischen Theologie
No full textGeneralized Cesàro operators in weighted Banach spaces of analytic functions with sup-norms
No full textAn investigation is made of the generalized Cesàro operators Ct, for t ∈ [0, 1], when they act on the space H(D) of holomorphic functions on the open unit disc D, on the Banach space H∞ of bounded analytic functions and on the weighted Banach spaces H∞
v and H0 v with their sup-norms. Of particular interest are the continuity, compactness, spectrum and point spectrum of Ct as well as their linear dynamics and mean ergodicity