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No full textEl Instituto de Ciencias Sociales y Administración de la Universidad Autónoma de Ciudad Juárez, a través de la revista NovaRUA, refrenda su compromiso con la difusión de productos de investigación de alta pertinencia en el ramo de las ciencias administrativas. La calidad de las investigaciones del número 29 de NovaRUA ratifica el proceso de madurez que la revista ha experimentado, confirmándose como un órgano de difusión del quehacer científico que cumple cabalmente con su misión. Vaya una felicitación a los investigadores e investigadoras que conformaron los cuerpos autorales del presente número
Effects of Body Condition and Ectoparasitism on Host–Pathogen Interactions of Heteromyid Rodents
No full textRodents play a significant role in the transmission of zoonotic diseases; anthropization
has increased human contact with these animals, vectors of infectious agents. However, the pro cesses driving parasitism of hosts remains poorly understood. Yersinia pestis, Rickettsia spp., and
Francisella tularensis are three infectious agents transmitted to humans through ectoparasites, with
rodents serving as the primary reservoirs. To explore the relationship between both intrinsic and
extrinsic factors on host pathogen status, we evaluated heteromyid rodents in the Chihuahuan desert
(ChD). From December 2022 to May 2023, we sampled 213 rodents at three locations with different
anthropization levels. A total of 103 rodent blood samples, 84 organ samples, and 204 collected
ectoparasites were analyzed for molecular detection of infectious agents (Y. pestis, Rickettsia spp.,
and F. tularensis) with PCR. We captured seven species of rodents (Dipodomys ordii, D. merriami,
D. spectabilis, Chaetodipus hispidus, Ch. eremicus, Perognathus flavus, and P. flavescens) and identified
one tick (Rhipicephalus sanguineus), two fleas (Meringis altipecten and M. dipodomys) and one louse
(Fahrenholzia spp.). Molecular analyses yielded positive for Y. pestis, Rickettsia spp., and negative for
F. tularensis. We then modelled the pathogen status as a function of intrinsic (body condition and
sex) and extrinsic factors (locality, anthropization level, season, sample type, and parasite-infestation
status). We found that non-parasite-infested individuals with better body condition have a higher
probability of pathogen infection. Furthermore, we observed that blood samples had a higher prob ability of detecting pathogen-infected individuals, as compared to spleen or liver samples. Our
results offer important insights into host–pathogen interactions and the role of body condition in the
pathogen status
Effect of environmental knowledge on pro-environmental attitudes and behaviors: a comparative analysis between engineering students and professionals in Ciudad Juárez (Mexico)
No full texthttps://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s13412-024-00991-
Numerical Analysis of the Crashworthiness Performance of Multicell Tubes Under Oblique Loads
No full textWhen a car crash occurs, the probability that the collision will be oblique and not entirely frontal is high. In this way, the current article evaluates by a finite element analysis, the crashworthiness performance of multicell structures subjected to oblique loads. In this sense, five multicell structures manufactured with 6063-T5 aluminum alloy were designed and evaluated by an oblique compression test. During the analysis, special emphasis was placed on determining the effect of the cross-section and the angle of incidence of the load (θ) on the energy absorption of the structures. For this purpose, values of θ equal to 0°,5°,10° and 15° were analyzed. To guarantee a correct comparison between tubes, all the structures had the same mass equal to 0.80 kg. Then, adjustments to the thickness were realized. In all cases, the most important indicators of impact resistance such as energy absorption (Ea), crushing force efficiency (CFE), and mean force (Pm) were calculated. According to the results, the angle of incidence of the load defined the plastic deformation mode of the structure. In this sense, a 47.75% decrease in the Pmax and Pm was observed as the angle θ increased. Moreover, at the end of the study, the MC-02 profile presented the best CFE with an average value of 0.74 at different loading angles. Thus, this structure could be considered as a baseline among engineers and designers for the design of structures subjected to bending loads
Effective Properties of Micropolar Laminated Media Under the Influence of Constitutive Property Rotation
No full textThe two-scale asymptotic homogenization method (AHM) is implemented to determine the effective behavior of periodic laminated micropolar elastic composites under perfect contact conditions. The rotation effect of constitutive property on the effective behavior of the composite is also analyzed. From AHM, the main results for centro-symmetric micropolar elastic composites are reported, including the statement of the local problems and the analytical expressions for the effective stiffness and torque properties. In particular, periodic bi-laminated composites are examined. In these composites, one constituent (referred to as layer A) has cubic symmetry with the principal axis of symmetry y3 and the other constituent is defined with properties that result from a rotation θ of the material properties of layer A in the y1y2-plane with respect to y3-axis. Numerical results are presented and validated. As a result, the effective behavior of the micropolar elastic composite is characterized by the quantity of independent effective moduli
Polymer Nanocomposites Based on Nano Alumina
No full textPolymer nanocomposites based on nano-alumina (nAl 2 O 3 ) have emerged as a promising class of materials with a wide range of potential applications due to their unique combination of properties. This chapter provides a comprehensive overview of these materials, starting with the properties and applications of bulk alumina and nAl 2 O 3 . Different methods for obtaining nAl 2 O 3 nanoparticles are discussed, highlighting their physicochemical characteristics. The chapter then explores various preparation techniques for polymer nanocomposites with nAl 2 O 3 , detailing their preparation methods and physicochemical properties. Finally, the chapter explores the diverse potential applications of these nanocomposites, spanning from structural materials and drug delivery systems to environmental remediation and biomedical applications. The chapter concludes by highlighting the future prospects of polymer nanocomposites based on nAl 2 O 3 , emphasizing their potential to revolutionize various industries through their exceptional properties and diverse functionalities
Validez de contenido de un instrumento de medición para medir el éxito en la implementación del TPM
No full textLa validación de contenido constituye una etapa crítica y compleja en el proceso de desarrollo de instrumentos de medición comúnmente empleados para evaluar constructos complejos en la investigación social y administrativa, ya que debe asegurarse que los ítems o variables medibles de cada constructo sean representativos. Por eso, el objetivo de esta investigación fue reportar y discutir la validación de contenido de manera práctica de un instrumento de medición que evalúa el éxito en la implementación del mantenimiento productivo total (TPM, por sus siglas en inglés) a partir de cinco constructos: participación y compromiso de la gerencia (MPC), educación y capacitación (ET, por sus siglas en inglés), involucramiento del personal (SI, por sus siglas en inglés), cambio de cultura organizacional (COC) y éxito en la implementación del TPM (STPM, por sus siglas en inglés). Para llevar a cabo el procedimiento de validación se empleó el método de juicio de expertos y el índice de contenido de Lynn (I-CVI), así como una revisión de literatura, y recopilación y formulación de ítems que conforman los constructos, los cuales fueron validados mediante el juicio de expertos, quienes examinaron las dimensiones de relevancia, coherencia y claridad de los ítems. Las respuestas de los expertos fueron analizadas utilizando el método del índice de validez de contenido de Lynn (I-ICV, S-CVI/ave, S-CVI/UA) para cada ítem en cada una de las dimensiones. Los resultados muestran que los ítems son representativos del constructo correspondiente, lo que indica que el instrumento posee una validez de contenido muy alta con un nivel de significancia del 5%. Como resultado, se presenta un instrumento con validez de contenido para medir el éxito de la implementación del TPM a través de los cuatro constructos propuestos
Inclusion of women in physics classrooms in first-year engineering programs
No full textThis work complements STEP UP's gender-focused communication manual by developing a complementary rubric. This rubric builds on the communication aspects outlined in the manual and quantifies them using achievement levels. This approach had yet to be proposed in any previous work related to STEP UP. The rubric and the communication manual are recommended as training tools for gender-focused communication in the physics classroom
Prototipado creativo e inteligencia Artificial Generativa: Transformando el proceso de diseño de Apps móviles en el aula
No full textLa convergencia de tecnologías y modelos creativos se presentan cada vez más dinámicos en las aulas en donde los procesos educativos se ven impactados por ellos, sobre todo, considerando un mundo donde la innovación es clave. En ello se destaca la importancia del prototipado como un vehículo para la creatividad y la integración estratégica de la Inteligencia Artificial Generativa (IAG) que potencia la imaginación y originalidad de los estudiantes durante el proceso de aprendizaje del diseño digital y por consecuencia de las aplicaciones móviles, considerando un modelo de Diseño Centrado en el Usuario (DCU)
Human–Object Interaction: Development of a Usability Index for Product Design Using a Hierarchical Fuzzy Axiomatic Design
No full textConsumer product usability has been addressed using tools that evaluate objects to improve user interaction. However, such diversity in approach makes it challenging to select a method for the type of product being assessed. This article compiles the concepts used since the origin of usability in product design. It groups them by attributes to formulate a usability index proposal. Due to the nature of the data, fuzzy, hierarchical, and axiomatic tools were applied to a trial group of experts and users. Three questionnaires were designed and administered throughout a five-stage process to collect and select attributes, rank them in importance, assign fuzzy values, obtain their numerical representation of use, and assign a qualitative category. By analyzing a case study, this research demonstrates the value of the index by comparing the use of computer mice. Unlike other approaches to evaluating usability, the proposed index incorporates the hierarchical importance of attributes. It allows for participants to express their opinions, transforming subjective responses into linguistic values represented in triangular areas, resulting in a more accurate representation of reality. Additionally, the complexity of the human–object interaction is treated by an information axiom to compute the usability index on a scale from 0 to 1, which reflects the probability of the product meeting the desired usability attributes