11883 research outputs found
Sort by
Analysis of Driver Drowsiness Detection System Based on Landmarks and MediaPipe
No full textDriver drowsiness is one of the leading causes of traffic accidents, especially during long-distance journeys. This study developed a detection system based on landmarks and the MediaPipe framework to analyze drowsiness through eye blink duration. The system employs coordinate point initialization using regression trees to accurately detect objects, such as eyes. The research data consists of 30 videos, each lasting 30 seconds, collected from four Trans Java bus drivers. The videos were extracted to identify facial detection histograms and analyzed based on eye blink duration. The testing results showed a detection accuracy of 81% with an error rate of 19% for distances of 10 to 100 cm,
while testing with 30 videos achieved an average accuracy of 88.745% and a Mean Squared Error (MSE) of 7.615%. The test results show that CNN outperforms MediaPipe in detecting drowsiness, with a higher average accuracy of 76.79% compared to 73.83% and a lower MSE value of 47.33 compared to 48.27. CNN is also more consistent in handling extreme lighting variations, while MediaPipe excels in processing efficiency, making it suitable for devices with limited resources. This study demonstrates that the landmarks and MediaPipe-based system effectively and innovatively detects drowsiness, offering a solution to improve driver safety during trips
The Mental Health Level of Flood Victims and Relationship with Disaster Impact in Sri Medan Batu Pahat Johor, Malaysia
No full textAmong the impacts caused by natural disasters is the increase in the mental health level of the people affected by the disaster. If it is allowed to drag on, it may interfere with their survival process. For example, the flood disaster that occurred in Sri Medan subdistrict, Batu Pahat Johor 2023, is suspected to have increased the mental health of the people affected by the disaster so efforts are needed to deal with it. This study aims to find out the mental health level of flood victims after the disaster and the correlation (relationship) between the mental health level of victims and the flood disaster that occurred in Sri Medan subdistrict, Batu Pahat. The population of respondents in this study is the community that became flood victims in the Sri Medan subdistrict, Batu Pahat. The sample taken was 207 respondents using a non-probability sampling technique, namely accidental sampling. Data collection was done through a survey using a questionnaire of 207 respondents who were spread out in the area of the Sri Medan subdistrict. Data analysis was done using a chi-square test and descriptive analysis. The results of the study show that the majority of the community's mental health level after the flood disaster is high with an overall mean of 3.67 and there is a significant correlation (p<0.05; r = 0.583) between the mental health level and the impact of floods to the community that became flood victims in Sri Medan subdistrict
Exploring Issues and Problems towards Implementing Heating, Ventilation and Air Conditioning (HVAC) Maintenance in the Malaysian Oil and Gas Industry
No full textHeating, Ventilation, and Air-Conditioning (HVAC) systems are critical in the oil and gas industry. One of the most crucial functions is to help maintain acceptable indoor air quality through proper ventilation while also providing thermal comfort. The research aims to identify the issues and problems of the Malaysian HVAC maintenance O&G industry. This study used the Nominal Group Technique (NGT) to explore the issues and problems of the Malaysian HVAC maintenance O&G industry. The expert panel was chosen with purposive sampling method. The expert chosen based on their knowledge, skill, and comprehension level of the subject area. NGT participants comprised nine expert panels, and they are knowledgeable and experienced in the HVAC Oil and Gas field. Data was analysed following the NGT process: silence, round robin, discussion, and voting. Results found that the four main HVAC maintenance issues in the Malaysian HVAC maintenance O&G industry are managerial, organizational, technical, and financial. These findings concluded that management, organization, technical and financial issues are all interrelated and have significant impacts on an organization's operations and success
BSLT and DPPH Methods to Determine the Potential Toxicity of Archidendron Pauciflorum Skin to Artemia Salina and the Antioxidant Potential as an Early Exploration of Anti-Cancer Drugs
No full textArchidendron pauciflorum skin is a dense waste that pollutes the environment and can be a problem if not properly cleaned. According to previous research, Archidendron
pauciflorum skin has a very high potential because it contains flavonoid components and polyphenols with anti-cancer and antibacterial properties. To evaluate the toxicity activity with the BSLT Method and the antioxidant DPPH Method, the scalp is cut into small pieces, dried in the oven at 60 °C, and then macerated for 24 hours in a mixture of methanol and ethyl acetate solvents as well as hexane to produce polar, semipolar, and non-polar chemicals. The fibre from each solvent is collected, and the rotary evaporator is used to evaporate it until a thick extract is produced. According to the
final findings of the study, the LC50 value (μg/mL) for each solvent is: the methanol value is 111 ppm, while ethyl acetate is 192 ppm. While for the test of antioxidant activity, significant results were obtained on the methanol solvent with an IC50 value of 51.13 μg/mL The conclusion of this study is that the 24-hour maceration period is the most efficient solvent for toxicity to Artemia salina and antioxidants to continue further research in the search for anti-cancer drugs
Appraising the potentials of reusing plastic bottles as building blocks for housing construction at Paipe village Abuja Nigeria
Full text linkPlastic bottles package a multitude of commodities consumed worldwide. Upon
consumption of the commodity, the disposed plastic bottles accumulate as waste, having impacts on both the aquatic and terrestrial environment. In a bid to convert such waste to wealth, plastic bottles are creatively reused for different applications, such as pedestrian bridge boats and street furniture, amongst others. Another application of reusing plastic bottles is their serving as building blocks for housing construction. Reports and research in Nigeria confirm the proliferation of plastic bottles littering the environment, which if reused in housing construction has the potential to contribute to achieving both UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDG) 11 (making human settlements sustainable) and 12 (ensuring sustainable consumption and production). Although Nigeria is traced to being the first country in Africa to reuse plastic bottles in housing construction, not much research output exists from
practitioners’ experience on the potentials of reusing plastic bottles as a sustainable construction material as practiced in countries like Vietnam, India, and the Philippines, among others. As such, this study investigates the potential factors driving the practice of reusing plastic bottles in Nigeria with a view to ascertaining the satisfaction derived from the practice for sustainable housing construction. Primary data was collected using a structured questionnaire from 41 respondents identified as having experience in using plastic bottles in
construction (5 staffs of Awonto Konsult as well as 36 staffs of Brains and Hammers Construction). Data was analysed descriptively using both IBM SPSS Statistics 23 as well as MS Excel to compute the Mean Score as well as the Relative Satisfaction Index (RSI). Only 30 questionnaires were successfully retrieved and fully answered. Amongst the 10 potential factors studied driving reusing plastic bottles, results show that almost all respondents tend to
be ‘satisfied’ with both ‘strength and stability’ (having a Mean Value of 4.70 and RSI of 0.94) as well as ‘durability’ (having a Mean Value of 4.50; RSI of 0.90) of buildings built with plastic bottles. These two factors recorded the highest ‘satisfaction’ ratings, leaning towards ‘very satisfied’. Regarding the factor ‘fire resistance’ of buildings built with plastic bottles (having a Mean Value of 3.40; RSI of 0.68), results reveal that 50 percent of the respondents are ‘unsure’ if it is a satisfactory factor driving reusing plastic bottles or not. The study found that the satisfaction ratings of technical and environmental factors have higher appeal to respondents compared to health and safety and also financial factors. It is recommended that Awonto Konsult and also Brains and Hammers Construction invest more in information related to the fire resistance of plastic bottles used in construction because fire outbreaks pose great threats to buildings. Equally, wider empirical research on plastic bottle wastes, if undertaken, could support the development of policies for waste management, particularly in developing countries. This research has the potential to convert waste into wealth in a bid to minimising environmental impacts of disposed plastic bottles as well as contribute to sustainable materials, particularly for rural housing. Since this study was based on a survey, experimental studies of
potentials driving the reuse of plastic bottles in housing construction will reveal results that could enable more sustainable housing construction in Nigeria
Production of Bio-Organic Liquid Fertilizer from Food Waste for Chili Plants
Full text linkThe widespread use of inorganic fertilizers in chili pepper (Capsicum
annuum L) farming raises environmental concerns. This study explores
a sustainable alternative: a bio-organic liquid fertilizer produced
through the fermentation of food waste such as eggshells, spent coffee
grounds, and banana peels. Spent coffee grounds (SCG) are known for
their high nitrogen content (8.5% to 13.6%), with lower but beneficial
amounts of phosphorus and potassium. In comparison, eggshells
primarily provide calcium and trace amounts of phosphorus, while
banana peels offer potassium. The research investigates the impact of
varying fertilizer concentrations on plant growth. Weekly
measurements of plant height, average leaf width, and stem diameter
assessed the effectiveness of the fertilizer. Results showed that plants
treated with the SCG-based mixture had a 20% increase in plant height
and a 15% greater stem diameter compared to those treated with
traditional inorganic methods. This research promotes an
environmentally friendly approach to chili pepper farming by diverting
food waste from landfills and reducing reliance on inorganic fertilizer
Assessing The Validity Of The Halal Consumption Congruence (Hacc) Model Towards Consumer’s Purchase Intention Of Malaysia’s Halal Food Products
No full textHalal industry is one of the fastest growing industries in the world and Malaysia contributed about US$113.2 billion. To protect Malaysia’s reputation as the top halal food producers, monitoring the Muslim consumers’ attitude and preference towards the Malaysia’s halal products is imperative. This study provides some insights since there are limited study on Malaysian halal food product specifically. 402 respondents from of Middle Eastern origin
participated by completing self-administered questionnaire. This study integrated Theory of Planned Behaviour and Congruity Theory. Country-of-origin and religiosity commitment are selected since both are common constructs for halal behavioural study. The results showed that consumer self-congruence, religiosity commitment and perceived behavioural control have significant relationship with purchase intention. The opposite outcomes are country-of-origin and subjective norms. Attitude has a mediating effect towards the relationships of country-oforigin, consumer self-congruence, and religiosity commitment with purchase intention. In the interim, customer trust shows a significant moderating role towards purchase intention. Measuring religiosity is rather tricky and difficult because to admit non-conformance to the
Islamic rites and requirements especially the “wajib” (must do) rites are something to be ashamed of. Furthermore, the respondents were Muslims from only six Middle Eastern countries, the findings could not be generalized. Future research should delve into the nonMuslims and other constructs that could enhance the research model. Conclusively, this study produces a novel research approach through the development of Halal Consumption Congruence (HaCC) Model that provide vital guidelines for Malaysia’s halal food producers in
enticing the Muslim consumers’ purchase behaviour
Hydrodynamic insights, environmental assessment, and fisheries study of the Kelantan coastal area: A comprehensive analysis
No full textCoastal studies are vital for sustainable development, identifying risks, vulnerabilities, and opportunities inherent to coastal environments. In this study, current and wave hydrodynamics, fisheries, and environmental conditions along 71 km coastline endangered at South China Sea were investigated. The MOHID Water Hydrodynamic model was employed to simulate current hydrodynamics under three scenarios: pure tide, southwest monsoon, and northeast monsoon, considering spring and neap tide conditions. The Simulating Waves Nearshore
module was used to assess wave characteristics. Environmental evaluations were performed covering coastal water quality, mangroves, seagrass, seaweeds, fisheries, and aquacultures. Besides, land use assessment was conducted for the entire coastal stretch. Findings indicated the peak current speed at 0.95 m/s during floodspring tide and a minimum below 0.15 m/s during low water-neap tide. Wave modeling revealed that the wave heights reached up to 1.5 m during the northeast monsoon and 0.5 m during the southwest monsoon. Water
quality was noticed to be “Excellent” for beaches and islands and “Good” for estuaries according to the Malaysian Marine Water Quality index (MMWQI). Finally, fisheries were reported to have an economic impact of around
9.0 million Malaysian Ringgit/year averagely. It is believed that, the outcomes of this study will help to enhance understanding of Kelantan’s coastal area, aiding local government efforts to improve the state shoreline and develop effective coastal management strategies
Advanced automated machine learning framework for photovoltaic power output prediction using environmental parameters and SHAP interpretability
Full text linkAccurate prediction of power output from a photovoltaic (PV) system is crucial for ensuring operational efficiency. This study addresses the challenge of predicting plant-scale PV power output by integrating automated machine learning (Auto-ML) with explainable modeling techniques. The integrated approach enhances predictive accuracy, supporting well-informed decision-making in power systems through data-driven frameworks. Real PV power data from a plant at Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia (UTHM) and five key weather parameters were used in this experiment. Auto-ML was employed to automatically identify the best-performing models tailored to the dataset. The top four performing models, achieving the highest predictive accuracies, were identified as Extra Tree (91% accuracy), Random Forest (85%), XGBoost (75%), and Decision Tree (68%) for further analysis. Their performance was then validated against commonly used artificial neural networks (ANN) and support vector machines (SVM) using multiple evaluation metrics including prediction accuracy, error rates, and interpretability. The results clearly demonstrate the superiority of the proposed approach across all performance metrics. For practical applications, a novel data mining method is also proposed to identify primary environmental drivers of PV performance using bivariate data analysis. Additionally, the model-based role of each parameter in the machine learning (ML) context is assessed using additivity of feature importance to uncover the underlying predictive mechanism of each ML model. This study establishes an advanced and powerful framework combining Auto-ML and explainable AI for predictive modeling of PV power output. It sets new standards for significantly
improved operational decisions and a broader integration of AI in renewable energy forecasting for data-driven optimization in power systems
Impact of Side Friction Parameters to Road Performance, A Study of Road Side Activities to Jend. A Yani Road, Purbalingga
Full text linkTraffic flow on city roads is greatly affected by side friction elements, like parking on the street,
pedestrian crossings, and non-motorized vehicles (NMVs), mainly in areas with mixed traffic. This study
looks at these effects on Jenderal A. Yani Road in Purbalingga, Indonesia, which is an important industrial
route that links key manufacturing sites and sees a lot of vehicle and foot traffic. The goals of the research
are to (1) find the side friction factor that most impact vehicle space mean speed (SMS), (2) use multivariate
regression to understand the link between side friction and SMS, and (3) determine which traditional traffic
flow model—Underwood, Greenshield, or Greenberg—best fits the observed flow patterns in mixed-traffic
situations. Early results indicate that stopped vehicles are the biggest friction element that lowers SMS,
while pedestrian crossings and NMVs also lead to delays during busy times. The Underwood model, which
shows how speed decreases exponentially with increasing density, is the most accurate for depicting traffic
dynamics on Jenderal A. Yani Road, with a critical density of 9.75 vehicles per km suggesting the start of
congestion. These findings are useful for creating plans that improve traffic flow in urban-industrial areas.
By addressing side friction and using the right traffic models, the research aids in developing data-informed
approaches to enhancing the Level of Service (LOS) on roads with high friction, especially in developing
nations facing similar traffic challenges. This work helps in managing urban traffic by laying the
groundwork for planning that accommodates mixed traffic and lessens congestion