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Status of the BESIII experiment
Get PDFThe BESIII spectrometer is hosted at the e+e− collider BEPCII, at the IHEP of Beijing. Since 2009, the BESIII experiment collected the world’s largest data sample of J/ψ, ψ(2S), and ψ(3770), and can address a wide physics program. The possibility to access directly 1−− states offers a unique window to study the Standard Model and to investigate the presence of new physics. An overview of the BESIII latest results as well as the main experimental innovations will be here discussed
Construction and test of the MicroMegas chambers for the upgrade of the ATLAS Muon Spectrometer
Get PDFMicroMegas (MM, MICRO MEsh GASeous structure chambers) are Micro-Pattern Gaseous Detectors, designed to provide a high spatial resolution, efficiency better than 95% per single plane, in a highly irradiated enviroment. MM chambers have been chosen as precision tracking detectors for the upgrade of the forward muon spectrometer of the ATLAS experiment (ATLAS Collaboration, JINST, 3 (2008) S08003) composing the New Small Wheel (NSW). MM modules are composed by 4 read-out layers, two used for the reconstruction of the precision coordinate and two inclined by ±1.5◦ for the reconstruction of the second one. The National Institute of Nuclear Physics (INFN) is deeply involved in the construction of these chambers and in their validation. Preliminary results on the INFN SM1 prototypes are presented
The upgraded front-end electronics of the CMS electromagnetic calorimeter for the HL-LHC
Get PDFThe Compact Muon Solenoid detector was originally designed to operate for about ten years, for LHC instantaneous luminosity up to 1·1034 cm−2 s−1 and integrated luminosity of 500 fb−1. The High Luminosity LHC will increase the instantaneous luminosity by about a factor of 5 from current levels and CMS will accumulate an integrated luminosity of 3000 fb−1 by about 2035. With such high luminosity the electromagnetic calorimeter of CMS will have to cope with a challenging increase in the number of interactions per bunch crossing and in radiation levels. The front-end readout electronics will be completely redesigned, with the goals of providing precision timing, low noise, sampling rate 4 times higher than the current one and added flexibility in the trigger system
The LHCb RICH detector upgrade
Get PDFLHCb, one of the four main experiments at CERN, is designed to study rare decays of charm and beauty hadrons to find evidence of New Physics. Charged hadron identification in LHCb is achieved by the Ring Imaging Cherenkov (RICH) detector, read out by Hybrid Photon Detectors (HPDs). The experiment will undergo an upgrade in 2019, after which it will be possible to reach luminosities up to 2 · 1033 cm−2 s−1 and a data readout frequency of 40 MHz. As a consequence, the electronics of almost all the sub-detectors will be modified or replaced accordingly to the new required performances. The RICH HPDs will be replaced
with Multi-anode Photomultiplier Tubes (MaPMTs) and will be read out using an 8-channels ASIC, the CLARO. MaPMTs and electronics will be arranged in basic units, the first prototypes of which have been tested in charged particle beams at CERN. The geometry of RICH 1 will be changed to operate at higher luminosities. An overview of the LHCb RICH upgrade is presente
Λ+ c physics at BESIII
Get PDFThe charmed baryons offer a unique outlook into the study of the light-/heavy-quark interactions, and it is complementary with respect to the one given by charmed mesons. The lightest charmed baryon Λ+ c is the perfect laboratory since in effective field theory can be described as a light diquark (u-d) coupled to the heavier charm quark. In this way, the properties of Λ+ c are directly connected to the dynamics of the charm quark. However, until 2014 the study on the charmed baryon was very limited. In 2014 BESIII has started its physics program thanks to an upgrade of the beam energy from 2.1 to 2.3 GeV, exactly above the Λ+ c Λ¯− c baryon threshold. In this contribution we will discuss one example of the BESIII possibilities in the Λ+ c studies
Development of the Experiment Control System for the LHCb RICH upgrade
Get PDFThis contribution presents the development of the Experiment Control System for the upgrade of the two ring-imaging Cherenkov detectors at the LHCb experiment, allowing to test and operate the Photon Detector Modules using the new architecture of the LHCb readout system. The RICH upgrade database, interfacing with the Experiment Control System, is also described
The MUonE experiment
Get PDFThe MUonE experiment aims to determine the hadronic leadingorder contribution to the muon anomalous magnetic moment from a measurement of the effective QED coupling constant at space-like momenta, using muon-electron elastic scattering within CERN accelerator complex. This method is complementary to the traditional one and completely innovative. Its challenge resides in the control of the theoretical and experimental systematics at 10−5, an unprecedented precision level for a scattering experiment. This proposal has been submitted to the Physics Beyond Colliders committee at CERN
Italian physicists of all times: A biographical dictionary in preparation
Get PDFThis paper describes the historical research activity aimed at accomplishing the first prosopography of Italian physics. The investigation spans over a period of time of more than five centuries, starting from the Renaissance period and including the physicists born up to 1948. The data which are being collected will be articulated in a biographical dictionary, which is gradually being prepared
and will be published in 10 separate dossiers. Up to now the research activity focused on the scholars who were active between the Risorgimento and World War II, allowing to list about 1000 Italian physicists born between 1770 and 1918. Many of them, including about 250 high school teachers, had been neglected so far by historical-scientific literature. Almost 100 women physicists were also identified, attesting a gradual evolution of Italian society and of its scientific culture. Concerning the above-mentioned period of time, the first four dossiers of the biographical dictionary (letters A–Z) are about to be completed and published within 2020. To show the significance of such a prosopographic investigation, a case study is described, concerning Enrico Stracciati (1858–1937), a little-known physicist who had an important role in Orso Mario Corbino’s education
Cosmic ray origin and anisotropy measurement by the Pierre Auger Observatory
Get PDFRecently the Pierre Auger Observatory has observed a dipolar anisotropy of amplitude 6.5% above 8 × 1018 eV that is unrelated to the Galactic plane. While the significance is largest above 8 × 1018 eV, the cosmic ray data indicate a growth of the dipolar amplitude from 4×1018 eV to 3.2×1019 eV and beyond. Furthermore, above 4 × 1019 eV, indications have been found for intermediate-scale anisotropies associated with extragalactic gamma-ray sources. Apart from those indications no other significant anisotropies are seen. We review these observations and discuss their relevance for the origin of ultra-high energy cosmic rays
La violenza fra minori: il bullismo avanza
Get PDF29 Settembre 2018: “Lignano, minorenni pestano coetaneo e postano video in rete”; 30 Ottobre 2018: “Bullismo, a Vimercate prof aggredita con le sedie dai suoi studenti”; 5 Novembre 2018: “Lecco, difende il figlio dai bulli che lo tormentano: 53enne pestato dal branco”; 6 novembre 2018: “Bullismo a Ravenna, minacce col coltello e molestie sessuali in prima media”; 10 Novembre 2018: “Omofobia, 17enne aggredito e insultato in piazza a Brindisi: denunciati due ragazzi”; 13 Novembre 2018: “Bulli al compleanno, denunciati per violenza sessuale”; 14 Novembre 2018: “Prof aggredita in classe a sediate”; 24 Novembre 2018: “Bullismo, quattro denunciati Erba: botte a un coetaneo per avere 250 euro”; 29 Novembre 2018: “Lodi, bullizzano 15enne e diffondono il video: minori denunciati per trattamento illecito di dati personali”; 7 Dicembre 2018: “Torino, in classe con una mazza da hockey per vendicarsi dei bulli che lo avevano preso in giro”.
Questi sono solo alcuni dei più recenti titoli di cronaca che ci riportano un quadro allarmante del fenomeno della violenza in età evolutiva, sintomo del forte disagio vissuto dai giovani d’oggi, non più confinabile in ambiti e contesti di marginalità e di disagio socio-economico. In questo articolo si esplora la complessa realtà della violenza fra minori, descrivendone tutte le possibili sfaccettature e cercando di fornire una risposta plausibile a un fenomeno così complesso e multidimensionale quale è il bullismo.
Résumé
29 septembre 2018 : « Lignano (Italie), des mineurs frappent un garçon de leur âge et en publient la vidéo sur les réseaux sociaux » ; 30 octobre 2018 : « Harcèlement en milieu scolaire, à Vimercate (Italie) un professeur est attaquée avec des chaises par ses étudiants » ; 5 novembre 2018 : « Lecco (Italie), il défend son fils des enfants qui le tourmentent : un homme de 53 ans battu par une bande » ; 6 novembre 2018 : « Harcèlement en milieu scolaire à Ravenne (Italie), menaces au couteau et harcèlement sexuel en 6e » ; 10 novembre 2018 : « Homophobie, un garçon de 17 ans attaqué et insulté en pleine rue à Brindisi (Italie) : deux garçons signalés au Parquet » ; 13 novembre 2018 : « Brutes à une fête d’anniversaire signalés au Parquet pour violences sexuelles » ; 14 novembre 2018 : « Professeur attaquée en classe à coups de chaises » ; 24 novembre 2018 : « Harcèlement en milieu scolaire à Erba (Italie), quatre garçons signalés au Parquet : ils ont battu un camarade pour 250 Euros » ; 29 novembre 2018 : « Lodi (Italie), ils harcèlent un garçon de 15 ans et en publient la vidéo : mineurs signalés au Parquet pour traitement illicite de données à caractère personnel » ; 7 décembre 2018 : « Turin (Italie), un garçon entre dans la classe armé d’une crosse de hockey pour se venger de ses harceleurs qui s’étaient moqués de lui ».
Ce ne sont là que quelques-uns des exemples les plus récents qui ont fait les gros titres des journaux et qui brossent un tableau alarmant du phénomène de la violence chez les enfants et les adolescents. C’est le signe d’un malaise croissant dont souffrent les jeunes d’aujourd’hui qui va au-delà de la marginalité et des milieux socio-économiques défavorisés.
L’auteur de cet article analyse la réalité complexe de la violence chez les jeunes, en essayant d’en décrire toutes les facettes possibles et d’apporter une réponse plausible à un phénomène aussi composite et multidimensionnel que le harcèlement en milieu scolaire.
Abstract
29 September 2018: “In Lignano (Italy), minors beat a boy of the same age and post a video on it on social networks”; 30 October 2018: “Bullying, in Vimercate (Italy) a teacher has been attacked with chairs by her students”; 5 November 2018: “In Lecco (Italy), a father was protecting his son from bullies who tormented him: a 53-year-old has been beaten by gang”; 6 November 2018: “Bullying in Ravenna (Italy), threats with a knife and sexual harassment at the first year of a middle school”; 10 November 2018: “Homophobia, a 17-year-old has been attacked and insulted in a central square of Brindisi (Italy): two boys were reported”; 13 November 2018: “Bullies at a birthday party were reported for sexual violence”; 14 November 2018: “A teacher has been attacked with chairs in the classroom”; 24 November 2018: “Bullying in Erba (Italy), four people were reported: they were fighting with a boy of the same age in order to steal 250 Euros from him”; “29 November 2018: “In Lodi (Italy), a 15-year-old was bullied and a video was posted on social networks: minors were reported for unlawful possession of personal data”; 7 December 2018: “In Torino (Italy), a boy was going in the classroom armed with a hockey stick to take revenge on bullies who had made fun of him”.
These are just some examples of the most recent headlines which describe an alarming picture of the phenomenon of violence among children and adolescents. This is a symptom of the serious malaise experienced by young people nowadays that does not originate only in marginalization or poor socio-economic background.
In this article, the author analyses the complex reality of violence amongst young people, trying to describe every possible facet and to give possible answers to a phenomenon as complex and multi-dimensional as bullying