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Developments on CMOS with LF, AMS and TJ technology
Get PDFHV-CMOS sensors represent a solid candidate detector for the future of high-energy physics experiments. The LFoundry (LF) 150 nm, the Austria Micro System (AMS) aH18 180 nm and the TowerJazz (TJ) 180 nm HV-CMOS process has been under investigation for pixel detectors at the High Luminosity Large Hadron Collider (HL-LHC). The pixel response of an LF prototype in terms of gain and times of signal, an efficiency estimation of an AMS one along with measurements on fall and rise times, ToT and time walk and for TJ results from a test beam at CERN showed that this technology can qualify for the design of the outer pixel layers of the ATLAS Inner Tracker (ITk)
Imaging of LAr scintillation light with segmented UV photodetector coupled with Coded Mask
Get PDFLiquefied-noble-gas detectors play a crucial role in direct dark-matter search and in neutrino oscillation experiments. Liquid argon (LAr) and liquid xenon produce a large amount (∼ 40000 ph/MeV) of UV scintillation photons which are
usually wavelength shifted before being detected. In a liquefied-noble-gas TPC, event reconstruction is based on the collection of ionisation charge while scintillation
light is used for triggering and event timing, calorimetry, and particle identification. This approach suffers from limitations in rate capabilities because of the long drift
times of electrons in large-volume detectors. We propose a novel approach for the full-optical imaging of scintillation light in LAr able to provide a complete 4D event reconstruction (i.e., in space and time). A set of UV cameras based on the Coded Aperture technology and segmented photodetectors are employed. The new technique would allow to reconstruct with high accuracy and at high rate the path of charged tracks crossing the active volume of the detector. We present the results of preliminary Monte Carlo studies and we discuss the experimental plan aimed at fully addressing the technological challenges
Convolutional neural network for track seed filtering at the CMS HLT
Get PDFStarting with Run III, future development projects for the Large Hadron Collider will constantly bring nominal luminosity increase, with the ultimate goal of reaching a peak luminosity of 5 · 1034 cm−2 s−1 for ATLAS and CMS
experiments. This rise in luminosity will result in an increased number of simultaneous proton collisions (pileup), up to 200, that will pose new challenges for the
CMS detector and, specifically, for track reconstruction in the Silicon Pixel Tracker. One of the first steps of the track finding workflow is the creation of track seeds, i.e., compatible pairs of hits, that are subsequently fed to higher-level pattern recognition steps. However, the set of compatible hit pairs is highly affected by combinatorial
background. A possible way of reducing this effect is taking into account the shape of the hit pixel cluster to check the compatibility between two hits. To each doublet
is attached a collection of two images built with the ADC levels of the pixels forming the hit cluster. Thus, the task of fake rejection can be seen as an image classification problem for which Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) have been widely proven to provide reliable results. In this work we present our studies on CNNs applications to the filtering of track pixel seeds
Calibration and performance of the ATLAS Tile Calorimeter during the LHC Run 2
Get PDFThe central hadronic calorimeter of the ATLAS experiment at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) is a sampling calorimeter made up of steel and scintillating tiles. TileCal is regularly monitored and calibrated by different calibration
systems. A description of the different sources and of the results on the calorimeter performance during the LHC Run 2 is present
Characterization of SiPM optical modules for detection of atmospheric shower Cherenkov emission
Get PDFSilicon Photomultipliers (SiPMs) will be used in the focal planes of part of the telescopes of the Cherenkov Telescope Array (CTA), the next generation of Imaging Air Cherenkov Telescopes (IACT). Optical modules made of 4×4 SiPMs have been developed by Fondazione Bruno Kessler (FBK) and assembled in INFN laboratories, to be integrated on the prototype of a Schwarzschild-Couder MediumSized Telescope (SCT) proposed for CTA. As of today, a selection of 36 modules out of 56 working modules is ready for the integration on the telescope camera
Study for an experiment to measure the KL → π0νν¯ decay at CERN
Get PDFThe K → πνν decays are flavour-changing neutral current (FCNC) processes, very suppressed in the Standard Model (SM). The latter, moreover, predicts their branching ratios (BR) with high precision, making them excellent probes of new physics. The NA62 experiment at the CERN Super Proton Synchrotron (SPS), currently taking data, is measuring the BR of the K+ → π+νν¯ decay. The KOTO experiment at JPARC, using a low-energy KL beam, foresees to reach the SM sensitivity for KL → π0νν¯ by 2021. A complementary measurement of KL → π0νν¯ exploiting part of the NA62 existing apparatus could be possible at the SPS with a high-energy KL beam. Ongoing studies indicate the possibility of observing 60 decay events in 5 years of data taking with a signal-to-background ratio of 1
A laser-driven electron accelerator for radiobiology experiments
Get PDFA novel concept laser-driven electron accelerator is described, whose operation regime and setup was optimized for radiobiology experiments. A brief account is given first of the motivations of our work, aimed at allowing irradiation campaigns of in vitro biological samples; the ultimate goal is to check the biological effectiveness of laser-driven electron beams against conventionally accelerated ones. A description of the electron source is then given; finally, the main results of the activity aimed at characterizing the source from a dosimetric point of view are presented
In-plane Aligned Colloidal 2D WS2 Nanoflakes for Solution- Processable Thin Films with High Planar Conductivity
Get PDFTwo-dimensional transition-metal dichalcolgenides (2D-TMDs) are among the most intriguing materials for next-generation electronic and optoelectronic devices. Albeit still at the embryonic stage, building thin films by manipulating and stacking preformed 2D nanosheets is now emerging as a practical and cost-effective bottom-up paradigm to obtain excellent electrical properties over large areas. Herein, we exploit the ultrathin morphology and outstanding solution stability of 2D WS2 colloidal nanocrystals to make thin films of TMDs assembled on a millimetre scale by a layer-by-layer deposition approach. We found that a room-temperature surface treatment with a superacid, performed with the precise scope of removing the native insulating surfactants, promotes in-plane assembly of the colloidal WS2 nanoflakes into stacks parallel to the substrate, along with healing of sulphur vacancies in the lattice that are detrimental to electrical conductivity. The as-obtained 2D WS2 thin films, characterized by a smooth and compact morphology, feature a high planar conductivity of up to 1 μS, comparable to the values reported for epitaxially grown WS2 monolayers, and enable photocurrent generation upon light irradiation over a wide range of visible to near-infrared frequencie
Le phénomène des adolescents délinquants dits « microbes » en Côte d’Ivoire : responsabilité de la famille
Get PDFQuesto studio si focalizza sul fenomeno delle bande delinquenziali composte di adolescenti denominati “microbi” in Costa d’Avorio. Il suo obiettivo è quello di analizzare il ruolo della famiglia nella persistenza della delinquenza di questi adolescenti in conflitto con la legge. Il presente lavoro di ricerca, basato su un campione non probabilistico di 75 persone, si è svolto nel distretto di Abidjan e, in particolare, nel comune di Abobo. Si tratta di uno studio qualitativo basato sull’ipotesi che le famiglie dei giovani denominati “microbi” abbiano una grossa responsabilità nella persistenza del comportamento delinquenziale dei propri figli. Per raggiungere gli obiettivi, si sono utilizzati strumenti e tecniche di raccolta dati quali l’osservazione non partecipante, l’intervista semi-strutturata e la ricerca documentale. Si è fatto ricorso, poi, all’analisi del contenuto delle informazioni così raccolte. Inoltre, si ritiene che il campionamento non probabilistico denominato a palla di neve sia stato quello più adatto alla ricerca. I principali risultati mettono in luce la responsabilità della famiglia nella comprensione delle problematiche dei comportamenti dei giovani, situandosi a livello della struttura e della dinamica relazionale, della pratica educativa genitoriale e, infine, della reazione dei genitori stessi ai comportamenti dei figli. Con riferimento a questi elementi che si collegano alla responsabilità familiare, sono state avanzate alcune proposte relative all’aiuto da fornire ai genitori per meglio esercitare le loro funzioni di padre e di madre.
Résumé
Cette étude met en exergue le phénomène des bandes délinquantes constitué d’adolescents appelés « microbes » en Côte d’Ivoire. Elle a pour objectif d’analyser le rôle de la famille dans la persistance de la délinquance de ces adolescents en conflit avec la loi. Ce travail de recherche qui a porté sur un échantillon de 75 individus, s’est déroulé dans le district Abidjan particulièrement dans la commune d’Abobo. De type qualitatif, cette étude repose sur l’hypothèse suivante : les familles des enfants dits « microbes » ont une grande responsabilité dans la persistance du comportement délinquant de leurs enfants. Pour atteindre les résultats, l’étude a eu recours à des instruments et techniques de recueil des données tels l’observation directe non participante, l’entretien semi-directif et la recherche documentaire. Pour l’analyse des données recueillies, l’analyse de contenu a été retenue. Aussi, l’échantillonnage non probabiliste de type boule de neige est celui adapté à cette étude. En termes de méthode de recherche, nous avons utilisé la phénoménologie. Les principaux résultats établissent la responsabilité de la famille dans la compréhension du trouble de comportements. Elle se situe au niveau de la structure et de la dynamique relationnelle, de la pratique éducative parentale et enfin, de la réaction parentale face aux comportements desdits enfants. Face à ces éléments constitutifs de la responsabilité familiale, des suggestions ont été faites dans le sens de l’aide à apporter aux parents dans l’exercice de la fonction de père et de mère.
Abstract
This study highlights the phenomenon of delinquent gangs of adolescents called “microbes” in Ivory Coast. It aims to analyze the role of the family in the persistence of delinquency of these adolescents in conflict with the law. This research work, which involved a sample of 75 individuals, took place in the Abidjan district, particularly in the Abobo commune. Of a qualitative nature, this study is based on the following hypothesis: the families of children known as “microbes” have a great responsibility in the persistence of the delinquent behavior of their children. To achieve the results, the study used data collection tools and techniques such as non-participant direct observation, semi-structured interviewing, and desk research. For the analysis of the data collected, the content analysis was retained. Also, non-probabilistic snowball type sampling is the one adapted to this study. In terms of the research method, we used phenomenology. The main findings establish the responsibility of the family in understanding the behavioral disorder. It is at the level of structure and relational dynamics, parental educational practice and finally, the parental reaction to the behavior of the said children. Faced with these elements of family responsibility, suggestions were made to help parents in the exercise of the function of father and mother
Legge 4 agosto 2017, n. 124. Le modifiche al Codice dei Beni Culturali e del Paesaggio e le novità in materia di riproduzione
Get PDFArticles 106 and following of the Italian Legislative Decree 42/2004 raise some critical issues for those who want to reproduce cultural heritage and disseminate these reproductions. In 2014 and 2016, changes were introduced to article 108 of that same Legislative Decree: these, under certain conditions, make it easier to carry out such activities when they are not done for profit. This paper explains in particular the changes recently introduced by the Italian Law 124/2017