Scientific Open-access Literature Archive and Repository
Not a member yet
16397 research outputs found
Sort by
Reintegration and Therapeutic Communities in Greece. The Experience and Views of Participants (a case study: Kethea en Drasi)
Get PDFSubstance addiction issues among incarcerated individuals in correctional facilities in Greece and abroad are notably prevalent. Addiction is generally addressed within correctional systems as a pathology with biological, social, psychological, ideological, cultural, economic, and other dimensions. Beyond this, addiction is deeply intertwined with the disciplinary process and the reintegration of prisoners. This involves a range of issues. In particular, it involves not only the cessation of substance use but also the modification of addictive behaviors through education. To achieve this goal, adopting a socially acceptable system of values and life skills through strong and oriented education appears to be crucial. The purpose of this case study (conducted as part of postdoctoral research) was to examine the views of 47 incarcerated individuals who participated in the therapeutic community program of KETHEA en DRASI during the research period regarding therapeutic correctional education programs. The data were analyzed using questionnaires and inductive coding processes to categorize relevant perceptions. According to the study's findings, participation in therapeutic and educational programs simultaneously achieves control and treatment of addictions and educates participants in the cultivation of life skills necessary for their social, educational, and professional reintegration.
È ormai noto che la tossicodipendenza delle persone incarcerate in Grecia e in altri paesi è una condizione molto diffusa. La dipendenza è generalmente affrontata all’interno degli istituti penitenziari come una patologia multidimensionale (biologica, sociale, psicologica, ideologica, culturale, economica e altro). Oltre a questo, la dipendenza è profondamente legata alle procedure disciplinari e al reinserimento dei detenuti. Questo chiama in causa una serie di questioni. In particolare, non si tratta soltanto della cessazione dell’uso delle sostanze, ma anche della modificazione dei comportamenti di dipendenza attraverso l’educazione. Per raggiungere questo obiettivo, sembra cruciale l’adozione di sistema di valori e di competenze socialmente accettabili tramite programmi educativi solidi e orientati. Lo scopo del presente caso studio (condotto nell’ambito di una ricerca post dottorato) è stato quello di esaminare i punti di vista di 47 persone incarcerate che partecipavano al programma terapeutico comunitario denominato KETHEA EN DRASI durante la fase della ricerca riguardante i programmi terapeutici rieducativi. I dati sono stati analizzati utilizzando questionari e processi di codificazione induttiva per categorizzare le percezioni rilevanti. Sulla base dei risultati ottenuti, si può sostenere che la partecipazione a programmi terapeutici ed educativi riesce a far ottenere simultaneamente sia il controllo che il trattamento delle dipendenze e a insegnare ai partecipanti a coltivare le competenze necessarie per il loro reinserimento sociale e professionale.
Il est bien connu que la toxicomanie chez les personnes incarcérées en Grèce et dans d'autres pays est un phénomène très répandu. La toxicomanie est généralement abordée dans les établissements pénitentiaires comme une pathologie multidimensionnelle (biologique, sociale, psychologique, idéologique, culturelle, économique et autres). En outre, la dépendance est profondément liée aux procédures disciplinaires et à la réinsertion des détenus. Cela soulève un certain nombre de questions. En particulier, il ne s'agit pas seulement de l’arrêt de la consommation de substances, mais aussi de la modification du comportement addictif grâce à l’éducation. Pour atteindre ce but, l’adoption de systèmes de valeurs et de compétences socialement acceptables par le biais de programmes éducatifs solides et orientés semble cruciale. L’objectif de cette étude de cas (réalisée dans le cadre d'une recherche postdoctorale) était d’examiner les points de vue de 47 personnes incarcérées participant au programme thérapeutique communautaire appelé KETHEA EN DRASI pendant la phase de la recherche concernant les programmes thérapeutiques rééducatifs. Les données ont été analysées à l’aide de questionnaires et de processus de codage inductif pour catégoriser les perceptions significatives. Sur la base des résultats obtenus, les auteurs peuvent affirmer que la participation à des programmes thérapeutiques et éducatifs permet d’atteindre simultanément le contrôle et le traitement des addictions et d’apprendre aux participants à cultiver les compétences nécessaires à leur réinsertion sociale et professionnelle
Prise en charge et prévention des violences sexuelles à Abidjan : entre stigmatisation et inégalités
Get PDFCette étude a pour objectif d'analyser les obstacles à la prise en charge et à la prévention des violences sexuelles contre les femmes à Abidjan, en posant l'hypothèse que des facteurs socio-économiques, culturels et institutionnels limitent l'efficacité des mesures actuelles. À travers une méthodologie qualitative, basée sur l'analyse des archives de cinq associations locales spécialisées dans la prise en charge des victimes, l'étude mobilise la théorie de la violence structurelle pour éclairer les dynamiques de pouvoir en jeu. Les résultats révèlent que la prévention situationnelle, bien que prometteuse, n'est pas suffisamment intégrée aux politiques publiques. L'étude propose des solutions pour améliorer la coordination entre les acteurs institutionnels et les associations, afin de renforcer la prévention et la prise en charge des victimes, notamment des violences sexuelles faites aux femmes.
This study aims to analyze the barriers to care and prevention of sexual violence against women in Abidjan, hypothesizing that socio-economic, cultural, and institutional factors limit the effectiveness of current measures. Using a qualitative methodology, based on the analysis of archives from five local associations specialized in victim support, the study draws on the theory of structural violence to highlight the power dynamics at play. The results reveal that situational prevention, though promising, is not sufficiently integrated into public policies. The study suggests ways to improve coordination between institutional actors and associations to strengthen prevention and victim support measures.
L’obiettivo del presente studio è quello di esaminare gli ostacoli che si frappongono alla presa in carico delle vittime e alla prevenzione delle violenze sessuali nei confronti delle donne a Abidjan, basandosi sull’ipotesi che fattori socioeconomici, culturali e istituzionali limitino l’efficacità delle misure vigenti. Tramite una metodologia qualitativa, basata sull’analisi della documentazione di cinque associazioni locali specializzate nell’aiuto alle vittime, lo studio utilizza la teoria della violenza strutturale per mettere in evidenza le dinamiche di potere implicate. I risultati rivelano che la prevenzione situazionale, anche se promettente, non è sufficientemente integrata con le politiche pubbliche. La ricerca propone delle soluzioni per migliorare il coordinamento tra gli attori istituzionali e le associazioni al fine di rafforzare le misure di prevenzione e di presa in carico delle donne vittime di violenze sessuali
Il profilo del partner maltrattante
Get PDFLa intimate partner violence (IPV) è una delle forme più comuni di violenza contro le donne e include abusi fisici, sessuali, emotivi e comportamenti di controllo da parte di un partner intimo. Un’attenta analisi del fenomeno consente di rilevare nella particolare relazione autore-vittima la vera dirimente criminogenetica all’interno della quale si possono individuare le motivazioni che hanno portato al reato e, attraverso di esse, le caratteristiche psicologiche e funzionali del soggetto abusante. Ciò che rende maggiormente difficoltoso il riconoscimento di una personalità aggressiva è il momento della sua manifestazione esplicita, che spesso ha luogo in una fase avanzata della relazione, quando gli investimenti reciproci sono aumentati e i legami sono più difficili da recidere: nella maggioranza dei casi un comportamento violento non insorge tuttavia all’improvviso, ma si lascia preannunciare da una serie di atteggiamenti più o meno manifesti dalla valenza predittiva non trascurabile. Sebbene non possa essere individuato un profilo psico(pato)logico prototipico del partner maltrattante, a carico del quale nella stragrande maggioranza dei casi non è possibile riscontrare una condizione clinica definita, tuttavia sembra rilevarsi nei soggetti autori di IPV un comune denominatore che alimenta una dimensione “perversa” della relazione interpersonale in cui, cioè, è possibile identificare una distorsione del funzionamento delle “relazioni oggettuali”, con conseguenti problemi nella formazione del Sé e con lo strutturarsi di forme patologiche di attaccamento che, impedendo l’elaborazione di abbandoni e distacchi, possono tradursi anche in comportamenti violenti. Il presente lavoro intende analizzare i pathways che portano alla strutturazione delle configurazioni psico(patolo)giche più frequentemente riscontrabili in soggetti abusanti non solo per comprendere meglio il fenomeno dell’IPV, ma anche per delineare adeguate azioni preventive.
La violence entre partenaires intimes (VPI) est l'une des formes les plus courantes de violence à l'égard des femmes et comprend les abus physiques, sexuels et émotionnels et les comportements de contrôle de la part d'un partenaire intime. Une analyse attentive du phénomène permet de déceler dans la relation entre l'auteur et la victime le véritable diriment criminogénétique à l'intérieur duquel on peut identifier les motivations qui ont conduit au crime et, à travers elles, les caractéristiques psychologiques et fonctionnelles de l'agresseur. Ce qui rend plus difficile la reconnaissance d'une personnalité agressive, c'est le moment de sa manifestation explicite, qui a souvent lieu à un stade avancé de la relation, lorsque les investissements mutuels ont augmenté et que les liens sont plus difficiles à rompre. Dans la plupart des cas, cependant, le comportement violent ne surgit pas soudainement, mais il est préfiguré par une série d'attitudes plus ou moins manifestes ayant une valeur prédictive non négligeable. Bien qu'il ne soit pas possible d'identifier un profil psycho(patho)logique prototypique du partenaire violent, pour lequel dans la grande majorité des cas il n'est pas possible de trouver un état clinique défini, un dénominateur commun semble néanmoins se retrouver chez les sujets ayant commis des VPI, qui alimente une dimension « perverse » de la relation interpersonnelle dans laquelle il est possible d'identifier une distorsion du fonctionnement des « relations d'objet », avec des problèmes conséquents dans la formation du Moi et avec la structuration de formes pathologiques d'attachement qui, en empêchant que les blessures d’abandon soient surmontées, peuvent également entraîner des comportements violents. Cet article se propose d'analyser les voies qui conduisent à la structuration des configurations psycho(patholo)giques les plus fréquentes chez les agresseurs, non seulement pour mieux comprendre le phénomène de la VPI, mais aussi pour esquisser des actions préventives appropriées.
Intimate partner violence (IPV) is one of the most common forms of violence against women and includes physical, sexual, emotional abuse and controlling behavior by an intimate partner. Through a careful analysis of the phenomenon, it is possible to detect the real criminogenic diriment of the perpetrator-victim relationship within the motivations that led to the crime and, through them, the psychological and functional characteristics of the abuser, can be identified. What makes the recognition of an aggressive personality most difficult is the moment of its explicit manifestation, which often takes place at an advanced stage of the relationship, when mutual investments have increased, and ties are more difficult to break. In most cases, however, violent behavior does not arise suddenly but has been heralded by a series of overt and covert attitudes with a nonnegligible predictive value. Although it is not possible to identify a prototypical psycho(patho)logical profile of the abusive partner, against whom in the vast majority of cases it is not possible to find a defined clinical condition, nevertheless it seems possible to detect in the IPV perpetrators a common denominator that feeds a “perverse” dimension of the interpersonal relationship in which, that is, it is possible to identify a distortion of the functioning of “object relations”, followed by problems in the formation of the ego and with the structuring of pathological forms of attachment that, by preventing the processing of abandonment issues, may also cause violent behaviors. This article aims to analyze the pathways that lead to the structuring of the psycho(patholo)gic configurations most frequently found in abusive individuals not only to better understand the phenomenon of IPV, but also to outline appropriate preventive actions
Viewpoint on β spectral shapes and nuclear muon capture
Get PDFExperimental and theoretical studies of neutrinoless double beta (0νββ) decay are in the forefront of current particle and nuclear physics. Once found, 0νββ will have profound implications for the beyond-the-standard-model (BSM) physics. A crucial part of this mission is a reliable computation of the associated nuclear matrix elements (NMEs). In addition, there is an urgent need to access the effective value of the weak axial-vector coupling gA due to its strong effect on the sensitivity estimates of the 0νββ experiments. The quenching of gA has thus far been studied mostly through allowed Gamow-Teller β decays, but interesting new methods in the studies of β-electron spectra of forbidden non-unique β decays offer a fruitful new way of probing values of gA. Both theoretical and experimental
activity on this subject now expands rapidly and may lead to breakthroughs in future. However, all these studies probe the value of gA at low momentum exchanges, whereas for high momentum exchanges, in the range of 100 MeV/c, relevant for
0νββ decay, a new probe, the ordinary muon capture (OMC), can be engaged. New muon-producing facilities are in operation and presently an increasing number of measurements of the OMC properties is being carried out. This holds promise for an expansion of future studies of 0νββ decays from this complementary point of view
Optical characterization of the JUNO liquid scintillator
Get PDFThe JUNO experiment is a large liquid scintillator neutrino detector designed to determine the neutrino mass ordering with a sensitivity of 3-4σ in 6 years. JUNO is a huge detector under construction in the southern part of China. The active mass of the JUNO detector will be 20kton of organic liquid scintillator, which converts the released energy, causes by a neutrino interaction, into visible
light. The fluorescence light propagates for about 17.5m, for an event at the center of the detector, before it is converted in electric signal by 17612 20-inch PMTs and
25600 3-inch PMTs.. Given the high mass of the detector and the high resolution required to determine the neutrino mass ordering (3% at 1 MeV), having an accurate description of the liquid scintillator in the JUNO Monte Carlo is mandatory. For this reason, at the Università degli studi di Milano, we built two small scale experiments to measure the emission time profiles for different particles and the light propagation measuring both the refractive index and the group velocity in the liquid scintillator
Multichannel approach for the analysis of 18O+40Ca network of nuclear reactions within the NUMEN project
Get PDFAmultichannel approach for the analysis of many different reactions channels induced by the 18O+40Ca collisions at 275 MeV incident energy is introduced. The reactions are simultaneously measured and analysed consistently within the same reaction and structure frameworks within the NUMEN project. In particular, the elastic and inelastic scattering, one- and two-proton transfer, one-neutron
transfer, and single charge exchange reactions are explored. The full quantum mechanical calculations, performed by including microscopic nuclear structure inputs, describe well all the experimental data
On the multipole giant resonances
Get PDFIn this work, we study isoscalar and isovector monopole, dipole, quadrupole, and octupole giant resonances in the 90Zr, 92Zr, 94Zr, and 96Zr nuclei. Thenuclear theory framework used is the quasiparticle random-phase approximation (QRPA). The calculations were done in large no-core single-particle bases using a Bonn-A meson-exchange-based effective interaction. The isoscalar and isovector
strength functions were extracted
Microscopic calculation of the 6Heβ-decay spectrum for new physics searches
Get PDFIn this contribution, we review a recent calculation of the 6He β-decay spectrum in a microscopic framework that treats nucleons as interacting degrees of freedom. The calculation presented in this contribution includes one and two-body electroweak currents describing the interaction of single nucleons and correlated pairs of nucleons with an external field, along with dynamics emerging from two- and three-nucleon correlations. With precision measurements of this
quantity on-going, the comparably precise theoretical calculation reviewed in this contribution will make it possible to constrain or observe new physics in the near
future should the experimental uncertainty goals be achieved
Recent results on the analysis of the reaction at 275 MeV
Get PDFThe study of the one-neutron transfer reaction in the 18O+48Ti collision at the energy of 275 MeV was performed as part of the multi-channel approach which is performed within the NUMEN project. That is to measure the complete reaction network characterized by the same initial and final state interactions as the more suppressed double charge exchange reactions. In this respect, angular distribution measurements for one- and two-nucleon transfer reactions in the 18O+48Ti collision were performed at the MAGNEX facility of INFN-LNS in Catania. This contribution summarizes the main findings from the analysis of the one-neutron transfer reaction
A new website for the journal Archeologia e Calcolatori
Get PDFOver the course of 35 years since its foundation, the open access journal «Archeologia e Calcolatori» has been providing its publications online via the website, as well as open access metadata since 2005 through the OAI-PMH repository. In 2024, the website underwent a major update and restyling, including the addition of modern interoperability features, most notably the newly implemented JSON REST API. This paper is concerned with the technical description of the design and development of the new website and additional functionalities for «Archeologia e Calcolatori», while also giving a short overview of how the journal’s online presence has evolved over time. The exchange of data between the journal’s REST API and the Open Archaeology Hub (ArchaeoHub) currently being developed in the context of the H2IOSC project is described as well. Finally, some future perspectives for further improvement are presented