Scientific Open-access Literature Archive and Repository
Not a member yet
16397 research outputs found
Sort by
Migrazioni linguistiche e trasmissioni culturali in Italia (secoli XIII-XV)
Get PDFIl terzo volume della collana Plurilinguismo e Migrazioni si concentra sui temi della traduzione, un’istanza storica fondamentale per l’area italoromanza antica che può essere intesa sia nel senso ristretto di riproposizione puntuale di un testo in una lingua diversa da quella originale sia, in senso lato, come operazione che importa nella lingua locale un contenuto originariamente espresso in altra lingua. Migrazioni linguistiche e trasmissioni culturali in Italia (secoli XIII-XV), curato da Cosimo Burgassi, Elisa Guadagnini e Giulio Vaccaro, adotta la traduzione, entro i due poli di senso ora definiti, come punto di vista privilegiato per lo studio della lingua e della cultura italiana del Medioevo: i nove contributi raccolti affrontano temi e problemi relativi a traduzioni dal latino e dal francese, rispetto a testi composti originariamente dall’Antichità all’epoca coeva, caratterizzati da tradizioni “passive” o “attive” (secondo la terminologia classica)
Assessing unknown parameters of instrument finds by writing software
Get PDFMusic-archaeology can show exemplarily the potential as well as the dangers of digital approaches. Both are here illustrated using case studies from the field of virtual modelling the intended scales of ancient reed instruments, with a focus on the requirement of the closest possible collaboration between music-archaeologists and programmers from the planning stages of a project and throughout its development. On the one hand, the potential robustness of predictive algorithms is shown, on the other, methodological fallacies are exposed that have led to redundant results and consequently misguided interpretations, which however, due to the ubiquitous partition of expertise, have slipped through reviewing processes. Finally, the author amends a problematic detail in the approach underlying previous publications of his own, showing how reflecting the physiology of aulos playing more accurately may enhance the harmonicity of modelled pitch sets, which in turn lends further credibility to the general method
Augmentation and enrichment of cultural exhibits via digital interactive sound reconstruction of ancient Greek musical instruments
Get PDFA significant number of Ancient Musical Instruments (AMIs) are exhibited in archaeological museums all over the world. Organized sound (music and songs) was the prominent factor in the process of both formulating and addressing intellectual activity and artistic creation. Thus, the way AMIs sound is a key element of study for many scientific fields such as anthropology, archaeology, and archaeomusicology. Most of the time, the excavated instruments are not in good condition and rather fragile to move around (in order to perform studio recordings or exhibit them). Building replicas was the only way to study their performance. Unfortunately, replicas are not trivial to build and, once built, not modifiable. On the other hand, digitally simulated instruments are easier to build and modify (e.g., in terms of geometry, material, etc.), which is a rather important feature in order to study them. Moreover, the audio stimulus and the digital interaction with an AMI through a Graphical User Interface would give more engagement and knowledge to the museum's visitor. In this work, we show the simulation methods of wind (classes: Aulos, Plagiaulos, Syrinx, and Salpinx) and string (classes: Phorminx, Chelys, Barbitos, Kithara, and Trigonon) Greek AMIs and the relevant built-applications useful to scientists and broader audience. We here propose a user-friendly, adaptable, and expandable digital tool which reproduces the sound of the above classes of AMIs and will: a) allow the museum scientists to create specific Auditory Virtual Musical Instruments and b) enrich the experience of a museum visitor (either in situ or on line) through a digital sound reconstruction and a 3D visual representation of AMIs, allowing real-time interaction and even music creation
Etruscan hypogea in 3D: a proposal for an immersive and interactive visualization of Volterra's funerary contexts
Get PDFThis article describes an interdisciplinary study carried out by a team of archaeologists, 3D surveyors and experts of new technologies applied to cultural heritage. The research was aimed at developing a virtual reality experience dedicated to Etruscan hypogean tombs in the city of Volterra. The application, intended for non-expert users, has been implemented in a touch screen version (mobile devices) as well as in VR mode (Samsung Gear Headset). In both versions, the user can easily interact with the immersive virtual context, browsing through the necropolises and/or underground tombs, and acquire textual and multimedia information
Anatomical-morphological analysis of a volumetric 3D model of an archaeological object
Get PDFThe article emphasizes the importance of anatomical-morphological analysis of a volume 3D model reconstructed from microcomputer tomographic 2D images for archaeological documentation and treatment, non-invasive archaeological analysis, and a more optimal selection of conservation methods and techniques. The object of μCT reconstruction is a 40,000-year-old Palaeolithic hunting weapon found in 2008 in the Ljubljanica River near Sinja Gorica (Vrhnika, lat.: Nauportus, Slovenia). This wooden point (yew; lat.: Taxus baccata) is so far just one of only eight known Palaeolithic wooden artifacts found in Europe. Between 2013 and 2017, the point was conserved using a traditional waterlogged wood processing technique with melamine resin. Using computer volumetric analysis of five surface 3D models, taken before, during and after the conservation, it was found out that volumetric changes and deviations of the point have occurred (bending, weight, volume, surface cracks and changes). Surface changes of the 3D models did not answer the question: what are the causes for the resulting changes after the conservation process? Only anatomical-morphological analysis of the internal structure of the point could answer this question. To this end, we developed an iterative segmentation algorithm adapted to archaeological analysis for the reconstruction of a volume 3D model from microtomographic 2D images. In this way, we successfully supplemented the data of the surface 3D model and confirmed volumetrically and graphically the current and critical state of the internal anatomical structure of the artifact (cracks, fractures, etc.). The case study confirmed the exceptional importance of the use of microcomputed tomography as a non-invasive technique in archaeological analysis and in the planning and selection of procedures for conservation, restoration and storage of sensitive archaeological heritage remains in situ or ex situ
Silica‐Microencapsulated Orange Oil for Sustainable Pest Control
Get PDFAn ultralow amount of sub-micron spherical SiO2 particles encapsulating 7 wt% crude orange oil (SiliOrange) suspended in water shows surprisingly high insecticidal activity against the cotton leafworm Spodoptera littoralis, and significantly reduces the progeny of cotton aphid Aphis gossypii under laboratory testing conditions. Considering the ease of reproducible preparation of the material and the biocompatible nature of both silica and orange essential oil, these results may open the route to sustainable pest control using new biopesticide water-based formulations based on sol-gel microencapsulated orange oil
Signals from the deep-sea: Genetic structure, morphometric analysis, and ecological implications of Cyclothone braueri (Pisces, Gonostomatidae) early life stages in the Central Mediterranean Sea
Get PDFCyclothone braueri (Stomiiformes, Gonostomatidae) is a widely distributed fish inhabiting the mesopelagic zone of marine tropical and temperate waters. Constituting one of the largest biomasses of the ocean, C. braueri is a key element in most of the ecological processes occurring in the twilight layer. We focused on the ecological processes linked to early life stages in relation to marine pelagic environmental drivers (temperature, salinity, food availability and geostrophic currents) considering different regions of the Central Mediterranean Sea. A multivariate morphometric analysis was carried out using six parameters with the aim of discerning different larval morphotypes, while a fragment of 367 bp representing the 12S ribosomal RNA gene was used to perform molecular analyses aimed at determining the intraspecific genetic variability. Analysis highlighted two geographically distinct morphotypes not genetically discernible and related to the different nutritional conditions due to spatial heterogeneities in terms of temperature and food availability. The body depth (BD) emerged as an appropriate morphometric parameter to detect the larval condition in this species. Molecular analysis highlighted a moderate genetic divergence in the fish population, showing the recurrence of two phylogroups not geographically separated
Simulation of Corona Electrostatic Separator for End-of-Life Management in Printed Circuit Boards
Get PDFPrinted circuit boards (PCBs) are made of several materials, including platinum, gold, silver, and rare earth elements, which are very valuable from a circular economy perspective. The PCB end of life management starts with the component removal, then the PCBs are shredded into small particles. Eventually, different separation methods are applied to the pulverized material to separate metals and non-metals. The corona electrostatic separation is one of the methods that can be used for this purpose since it is able to separate the conductive and non-conductive materials. However, the lack of knowledge to set the process parameters may affect the efficiency of the corona electrostatic separation process, ultimately resulting in the loss of valuable materials. The simulation of particle trajectory can be very helpful to identify the effective process parameters of the separation process. Thus, in this study, a simulation model to predict the particles trajectories in a belt type corona electrostatic separator is developed with the help of COMSOL Multiphysics and MATLAB software. The model simulates the particle behavior taking into account the electrostatic, gravitational, centrifugal, electric image, and air drag forces. Moreover, the predicted particles trajectories are used to analyze the effects of the roll electrode voltage, angular velocity of roll electrode, and size of the particles on the separation process
Evidence for Higgs Boson decay to a pair of muons at CMS
No full textThe CMS collaboration recently presented their results on the firstever evidence of Higgs decay to a pair of muons with 137 fb−1 of data at √s = 13 TeV (The CMS Collaboration, JHEP, 01 (2021) 148). The analysis targeted four different production modes, the gluon fusion (ggH) , the vector boson fusion (VBF), the Higgs-strahlung process (VH) and the production in association with a pair of top quarks (ttH). Each of these categories had developed it’s own dedicated
boosted decision tree (BDT) or a deep neural-network (DNN) to efficiently separate the signal from the major background processes. The VBF category used a templatebased fit to the DNN score whereas the remaining categories performed data-driven fits to the dimuon mass spectrum. A combined fit from all these categories sees a slight excess in the data corresponding to 3.0 standard deviations at MH = 125.38
GeV (the most precise measurement of the Higgs boson mass to date (The CMS Collaboration, Phys. Lett. B, 805 (2020) 135425))
Cultural Heritage. New Perspectives
No full textImportant social changes in these last years have allowed us to analyze new paradigms of Cultural Heritage and to open new perspectives. Professor Wolfgang Welschthe, a German philosopher, affirms that the separatist idea of cultures has been surpassed through cultures’ external networking. In fact, the cultures today are extremely interconnected with each other. Lifestyles no longer end at the borders of national cultures, but go beyond these, are found in the same way in other cultures. The way of life for the community is no longer Italian or Japanese, but rather European or Global. The new forms of entanglement are a consequence of migratory processes, as well as of worldwide material and immaterial communications systems and economic interdependencies and dependencies.
Consequently, the same basic problems or the progress of the knowledge today appear also in cultures or in studying areas once considered being fundamentally different: for example, the human rights, ecology, education, ethics, etc...; these are only some of the topic that today we must analyze among the paradigms of Cultural Heritage.
This book presents some reflections born from international seminars and that have had an important role in the reformulation of new perspectives for the definition of Cultural Heritage. In fact, the new conceptions of the culture are not just descriptive or abstract concepts, but operative concepts. Therefore, the understanding of these new perspectives is an active and important factor in our cultural life for a correct transcultural approach and so for a constructive dialogue with humanity