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Staff Perspective of Student Voice and its (In)Authenticity in Reflective Writing for Summative Assessment
Get PDFReflective academic writing is an integral part of contemporary Higher Education that brings students, staff, discipline, and personal-professional experience together in the arena of summative assessment. Reflective academic writing is practised across different disciplines, ranging from the Social Sciences (Van Beveren et al., 2018; Zuber-Skerritt and Cendon, 2014) to the Health Sciences (Mann et al., 2009). Reflective academic writing is similar to other forms of assessment in that it is often in the genre of an extensively written essay. However, simultaneously, reflective writing is unique to academic assessment because it involves a particularly personal element, where a mirror is held to oneself to identify shortcomings that are then shared with a marker. A recent literature review on reflective academic writing for summative assessment (Ross et al, 2024) suggested that although reflective writing can lead to positive student experiences, student voices conveyed through assessed work may not represent authentic participation but rather performativity. This is because students may lack agency as they are on the wrong side of a power imbalance and are motivated to pass.
This paper shares the findings of an assessment mapping of a course catalogue (n=5155) and a questionnaire survey of staff (n=109) at a UK institution. The mapping data demonstrates how practices of reflective writing for summative assessment are distributed across institution's departments, levels of study, and taught disciplines. The survey data provided insight into the experiences of staff who set reflective summative assessments, the support they offered to scaffold learning, and the concerns they had about the genre. Among the presented findings, staff expressed concern about the authenticity of student voice within assignments as well as fears that students may worry about looking incompetent in front of markers. However, they did not generally attribute this to power imbalance, nor did they question the validity of their reflective assessment tasks. The survey findings explore the experiences of subject specialists working with reflective writing genre in their courses. This paper will be of interest to conference delegates who wish to enhance their professional EAP practice in terms of developing students reflective academic writing for summative assessment
Efficient and Safe Planner for Automated Driving on Ramps Considering Unsatisfication
No full textAutomated driving on ramps presents significant challenges due to the need to balance both safety and efficiency during lane changes. This paper proposes an integrated planner for automated vehicles (AVs) on ramps, utilizing an unsatisfactory level metric for efficiency and arrow-cluster-based sampling for safety. The planner identifies optimal times for the AV to change lanes, taking into account the vehicle’s velocity as a key factor in efficiency. Additionally, the integrated planner employs arrow-cluster-based sampling to evaluate collision risks and select an optimal lane-changing curve. Extensive simulations were conducted in a ramp scenario to verify the planner’s efficient and safe performance. The results demonstrate that the proposed planner can effectively select an appropriate lane-changing time point and a safe lane-changing curve for AVs, without incurring any collisions during the maneuver
Why political parties support deliberative democracy in Europe
Get PDFThe contemporary surge in public demand and use of deliberative democracy coincides with an increasing number of parties using deliberation. Despite this growing appetite, we still do not know why political parties support deliberative democracy. This research note addresses this gap in the literature and aims to explain what drives parties’ support for deliberation. We analyze the manifestos belonging to 225 European parties that gained at least 1% of the votes in the national elections between 2019 and 2024. The results confirm the importance of left-wing ideology but bring novel insights according to which the presence in government, party newness and manifesto length increase support for deliberative democracy. Surprisingly, electoral support and populism have no effects
Effects of early notifications on driver responses to lateral collision warnings
No full textDespite the demonstrated effectiveness of advanced driver assistance systems, lateral collisions still occur because of incorrect and deferred responses of drivers to potential hazards attributed to approaching vehicles from the sides. In such a situation, this study introduces early notifications prior to lateral collision warnings, displayed in either a visual-only format or a visual-auditory format. These notifications inform drivers about the presence of approaching vehicles from behind in adjacent lanes, aiming to improve their performance after receiving lateral collision warnings. The improvement is measured by analyzing the differences in drivers’ reaction times and exhibition of appropriate reactions when early notifications are present and absent. Additionally, the effects of confounding factors including display formats (visual-only versus visual-auditory), drivers’ socio-demographics, and driving experience on drivers’ reaction times and exhibition of appropriate reactions are considered in the binary logit and Tobit models. Furthermore, the effects of individual heterogeneity are accounted using the random parameters approach. Results indicate that there is significant heterogeneity in drivers’ reaction time when early notifications is present, prior to lateral collision warnings. Even that drivers’ reaction time may increase in some circumstances, their likelihood of exhibiting appropriate reactions increases. However, it is interesting to find that drivers’ reaction time increases and their likelihood of exhibiting appropriate reactions decreases when early notifications are presented in a visual-auditory format, compared to a visual-only format
Fair division with money and prices: bid & sell versus divide & choose
Get PDFWe divide efficiently a pile of indivisible goods in common property, using cash transfers to ensure fairness among agents with utility linear in money. We compare three cognitively feasible and privacy preserving division rules in terms of the guarantees (worst case utility) they offer to the participants. In the first version of Divide & Choose to n agents, they bid for the role of Divider then everyone bids on the shares of the Divider’s partition. In the second version each agent announces a partition and they all bid to select the most efficient one. In the Bid & Sell rule the agents bid for the role of Seller: with two agents the smallest bid defines the Seller who then charges any price constrained only by her winning bid. Both rules reward subadditive utilities and penalise superadditive ones, and B&S more so than both D&C-s. B&S is also better placed to collect a larger share of the surplus when agents play safe
Full spectrum of symptoms associated with heart failure: a mixed method systematic review and narrative synthesis
Get PDFAim:
To investigate European Society of Cardiology (ESC) guideline-defined ℈typical’ and ‘less typical’ heart failure (HF) symptoms, as well as non-ESC symptoms, and to explore how ESC-defined symptoms vary by care setting, age, and sex.
Methods and results:
Mixed-method systematic review and narrative synthesis through six electronic databases. Quality was assessed using Joanna Briggs Institute critical appraisal checklists. Symptoms were grouped into ESC (typical/less typical) and non-ESC symptoms. Differences in ESC typical and less typical symptoms were investigated in hospital versus community, <65 versus ≥65 years old age, and men versus women. 58 papers (43 quantitative, 11 qualitative and 4 mixed-method) were included. 56/58 studies observed at least one of ESC typical and/or less typical symptoms. Some of the “less typical symptoms” were rarely reported (e.g. wheezing in 3 and bendopnea in 1). 38 non-ESC symptoms were observed in 58 studies. Some non-ESC symptoms were commonly observed (e.g. chest pain/discomfort (37/58), difficulty sleeping (32/58), and nausea/vomiting/indigestion (30/58)). Cough, palpitations and dizziness were observed more in community than hospital whereas wheezing was observed more in hospital. Typical symptoms (orthopnoea/paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnoea/swelling) were more often observed in cohorts ≥65 (than <65) years of age. Due to the paucity of women in studies, there was little information available to compare symptoms of men and women.
Conclusion:
There is a more diverse range of symptoms among HF population than has previously been described. There is need for comprehensive, person-centred symptom assessment protocol and more inclusive clinical guidelines, highlighting symptom variability in HF population across different demographic and clinical variations.
Registration:
PROSPERO CRD4202018578
Reforming the UK Fiscal Framework and Boosting Public Investment – a Perspective from Scotland
No full textNo abstract available
The policy and politics of improving standards in the English private rented sector
Get PDFThe standard of existing homes in the English private rented sector (PRS) presents several challenges. As the sector has expanded, issues of inadequate renovation, maintenance and upgrading have assumed greater salience. Research has also highlighted enforcement challenges which make it more difficult to raise property standards and improve tenants’ housing experiences. This article, informed by regulatory theory and systems thinking, argues that there is benefit in thinking more expansively about the practical policy interventions available to address the problem of standards. The article presents a framework for doing so which has currency in thinking about policy design and effectiveness beyond PRS standards. The policy debate would benefit from attending to more powerful leverage points associated with the design and intent of the system in pursuit of transformative change towards a stronger culture of compliance with standards
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