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“コミュニケートされる情報”という視点から見た「芸術」について
Get PDFapplication/pdf『芸術とは，創造者（発信者）によって受容者宛てになされた情報の発信様式であり，芸術表現・芸術作品とは，創造者と受容者とで共有される情報である』と定義し，芸術表現・芸術作品に用いられる“記録媒体”（表現媒体）の発明・進化と，その芸術表現・芸術作品の受容者並びにその芸術表現・芸術作品に係る『コスト負担者』を考えることによって，古代ギリシャ以降現代に至るまでの芸術並びに芸術作品の変遷が，洋の東西を問わず，合理的になされてきていることが理解される．departmental bulletin pape
Child Maltreatment and Oxytocin as the Physiological Bases for Social Functioning and Stress Coping
Get PDF甲南大学博士（文学）令和4年度(2022年度)The number of child maltreatment reports in Japan quadrupled over the last decade (Ministry of Health Labour and Welfare, 2021). Among various effects of such maltreatment, social dysfunction has been found to be one of the major sequelae of exposure to child maltreatment (Jenny & Isaac, 2006; Kessler et al., 1997; Nelson et al., 2007). However, findings on specific behavioral expressions of social problems in people with child maltreatment history are not consistent and include both over-engagement, such as aggressive/disruptive behaviors, violent crimes, and sexualized behaviors, and disengagement, i.e. social withdrawal, indicating opposite effects of early life experiences on their behaviors. This study investigates the oxytocin (OT) system, suggesting that the OT plays an important role that link child maltreatment and social functioning since both are known to effect the processes of social cognition and stress coping. Thus, this study aims to examine the effects of child maltreatment on the OT by incorporating a more detailed and comprehensive assessment of the child maltreatment experience to gain a deeper understanding of the mechanism. First, a literature review on child maltreatment and OT was conducted to identify the gap in research methodology and findings. Then, Empirical Study 1 examined the validity of the Japanese version of Childhood Trauma Questionnaire (CTQ-J), in which adolescents in the institutionalized group (N=31) and those in the community group (N=46) completed a questionnaire packet and their scores on CTQ-J were compared to their childhood welfare records. Results showed that the total score as well as the scores of the five subscales of CTQ-J was able to discriminate people with documented experience of any maltreatment and five types of maltreatment, i.e., emotional abuse, physical abuse, sexual abuse, emotional neglect, and physical neglect, respectively. Empirical Study 2 measured salivary oxytocin concentrations of both institutionalized and community groups by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay. Results revealed that physical abuse was associated with higher OT, while emotional neglect showed an inverse relationship to OT. A U-shaped association between the number of maltreatment types and OT was identified. As the number of maltreatment types increased from zero to one, OT declined, but as the number increased from one maltreatment type to 2 or 3 types and to 4 or 5 types, OT also increased. The results indicated that the effect of child maltreatment on salivary OT concentrations varied according to the types of maltreatment experienced by each individual. While lower OT levels may lead individuals to disengage from interpersonal relationships, i.e., fight-or-flight responses, higher OT levels may reduce the stress reactivity of physiological systems and trigger a tend-and-befriend response in the face of anxiety provoking situations. Therefore, the differential OT levels derived from early life experiences could account for the heterogenous nature of social problems associated with child maltreatment.doctoral thesi
[Material] International Jurisdiction in the Private International Law Act of Korea in 2022
Get PDFapplication/pdfdepartmental bulletin pape
