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Genetic diversity of durum wheat genotypes using morpho-protein analysis
No full textKnowledge of morpho-protein patterns of genetic diversity improves the efficiency of germplasm conservation and development. The objective of present study was to evaluate 116 genotypes of Triticum turgidum from seven countries in terms of morphological traits and seed protein banding patterns. The results showed highly significant differences among the genotypes for the traits. The correlation between grain yield and weight per spike was significant and positive, while the correlation between days to heading, length of peduncle and plant height was significant and negative. The factor analysis classified the traits in to four main groups which accounted for 74.4% of the total variability. Sixteen allelic compositions were identified in the genotypes for high molecular weight glutenin subunits. The three alleles were present at the Glu-A1 locus and 8 alleles at Glu-B1. The null allele was observed more frequently than the 1 and 2 alleles. Two alleles, namely 17 + 18 and 20, represented more frequent alleles at Glu-B1 locus. The genetic variability in Glu-A1and Glu-B1 loci were 0.42 and 0.81, respectively. The cluster analysis based on morphological traits and HMW-GS clustered the genotypes in to six and seven groups, respectively. The results indicated the presence of high genetic variability among the genotypes. Our findings suggest that the plants belong to different clusters can be used for hybridization to generate useful recombinants in the segregating generations, the genetics and breeding programs for improvement of durum wheat
Occurrence of barley pathogenic Pyrenophora species and their mating types in Hungary
No full textNet blotch and leaf stripe caused by Pyrenophora teres and P. graminea, respectively, are two major foliar diseases of barley. These two species are able to infect wheat, too. The species composition of these pathogens was examined, for the first time, in four different regions of Hungary in 2006–2010. Altogether 204 isolates were obtained from 99 winter barley, 55 spring barley and 50 wheat leaf samples collected in commercial fields and experimental stations, and species assignment was carried out using species-specific PCR reactions. Most isolates belonged to P. teres f. teres (68%), 26% to P. teres f. maculata and only 6% of the isolates were assigned to P. graminea. Interestingly, all but one of the P. graminea isolates came from the western part of Hungary, while both forms of P. teres occurred in each region. The distribution of mating type genes was also examined in 144 isolates. The overall ratio of MAT1 and MAT2 genes in P. graminea, P. teres f. maculata and P. teres f. teres was 5:3, and close to 2:1 and 1:1, respectively. Both MAT1 and MAT2 isolates of each fungal species/form were distributed in almost all regions over several years, indicating a high potential for sexual outcrossing within local populations of these pathogens. Our survey may be helpful to determine priorities in disease resistance breeding programs. Further studies are in progress to examine the population structure of the most abundant pathogen P. teres f. teres
Категория числа и ее интенциональные значения
No full textThis paper examines the transpositional usage of plural forms of nouns, personal pronouns, and verbs, and represents the semantic derivational process of their uncategorical (intentional) meanings. According to this, these intentional meanings of plural forms, such as hyperbolic meaning, indefiniteness, negative judgment, distancing, etc., generated from the concepts of deindividualization and alienation, are closely connected to each other. Intentional meanings of plural forms of nouns, to which the numerical opposition is most peculiar, exert influence on formation of the intentional meanings of plural forms of other parts of speech
Land snail diversity and composition in relation to ecological variations in Central European floodplain forests and their history
No full textWe explored patterns of land snail assemblages using 93 alluvial forest sites in six river floodplains of the Elbe drainage basin (northwestern Bohemia, Czech Republic). Differences in species richness and composition across the four floodplain forest types (i.e., alder carrs, ash-alder forests, willow-poplar softwood forests, and hardwood forests) were analysed using generalized linear models, multidimensional scaling and redundancy analysis with the Monte Carlo permutation test. The studied floodplain forest types did not differ in species richness, except for the alder carrs which were significantly poorer. The number of species expressed a significant unimodal response along with elevation and Ellenberg nutrients, and further significantly decreased towards the most humid sites. Contrary to species richness, the main forest types clearly differed based on land snail species composition, with the exception of the ash-alder and willow-poplar forest sites which became completely overlapped in the ordination space. The main changes in species composition were mostly associated with elevation and Ellenberg moisture on the first MDS axis: Ellenberg nutrients and light were fitted on the second and the third axes, respectively. These variables, along with calcium content estimated using Ellenberg indicator values for soil reaction, had significant effects on the variation and snail species composition in the final RDA model. No response of either species richness or compositional changes was found for the measured content of topsoil calcium, most likely due to the higher importance of other variables. On the basis of some recently published data we can conclude that historical development and long-term human activities on the succession of floodplain assemblages have resulted in a sharp impoverishment of strictly land snail species of several hardwood forest sites in the majority of lower river stretches. Whilst in most areas there are no exact palaeoecological data available, these historical influences were closely correlated with the site elevation in our dataset as the main difference in species composition was hard to explain solely using environmental predictors
Combining historical land-use and geoarchaeological evidence to support archaeological site detection
No full textThe present state of our landscapes is not only the result of various natural processes, but of the anthropogenic effect that humankind had since its occurrence within the landscape. These processes reach back as far as the beginning of the known archaeological eras. One of the major problems in the reconstruction of landscape evolution is bridging the gap between the archaeologically well-defined periods and the extensively documented last three centuries. Remains of the various archaeological periods are conserved in the soil and form part of the soil’s memory function; but soils develop and might get destroyed over time. However, soils also bridge the heritage of once lived cultures with those events of the last few centuries that are reconstructable, based on written and map sources. It must be noted that the possibility of human-induced soil destruction is significantly higher within the mentioned centuries, therefore the understanding of land-use changes, land-use trajectories are essential in assessing the possible degradation of soils, archaeological sites and heritage.The present contribution attempts to integrate the tools of geoarchaeology, soil science and landscape ecology with the archaeological knowledge of the Cikola valley (Mezőföld, Hungary). The historic land-use changes within the target area of the valley were detected and quantified with the trajectory tracking method. This was compared to soil conditions, geoarchaeological data and to information collected through on-site archaeological field walking. The comparisons of archaeological sites that have been less or more intensively used in the past, differ both in soil conditions, and in the condition of the archaeological phenomena they preserve. The trajectory values gave a good estimate on the possible and predictable disturbance of the archaeological phenomena preserved at the examined sites
The effect of nitrogen fertilization and crop year precipitation on the protein and wet gluten content of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) grain
No full textWinter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) yield samples taken from a consecutive series of crop years representing drought, normal and moist conditions at the Nagygombos experimental site of the Szent István University have been evaluated. The impact of N topdressing and crop year conditions on the performance of protein and wet gluten content were studied.The results suggest that ascending levels of N topdressing, and increased number of applications had a beneficial effect on the protein content, as well as on wet gluten values. Crop year had a significant effect on quality manifestation. The drier the crop year, the better the recorded quality performance. The magnitude of changes was bigger in case of gluten than in that of protein values. There were minor differences between the two varieties examined, especially in their response patterns to nitrogen supply. Dough formation depends mainly on the gliadin/ glutenin ratio, but there is less information on the agronomic and climatic impacts that may cause alterations in that
Miscellaneous. Folyóirat-referátumok. Beszámoló. KVÍZ
No full textFolyóirat-referátumok. Lipidológia
Genetikai és individuális medicina
– van szerepe a statinterápiában?
(Genetics and personalized
medicine – a role in statin therapy?)
Patel, J., Abd, T., Blumenthal, R. S.,
et al.
(Levelező-szerző: K. Nasir,
Center for Prevention and Wellness
Research, Baptist Health Medical
Group, 1691 Michigan Ave,
Suite 500, Miami Beach, FL 33139,
Amerikai Egyesült Államok;
e-mail: [email protected]):
Curr. Atheroscler. Rep.,
2014,
16
(1)
,
384. | Neurológia
Heveny szélütés vagy átmeneti agyi
keringészavar után súlytöbblettel
élő és elhízott betegek túlélési
esélye, funkcionális károsodása, valamint a stroke-recidíva elő-
fordulása lényegesen kedvezőbben
alakul, mint a sovány vagy
optimális testtömegindexű beteg-
társaiké: TEMPiS vizsgálat.
(Overweight and obesity are
associated with improved survival,
functional outcome, and stroke
recurrence after acute stroke or
transient ischaemic attack: observa-
tions from the TEMPiS trial)
Doehner, W., Schenkel, J., Anker, S. D.,
et al.
(Dr. W. Doehner, Center for
Stroke Research Berlin, Charité
Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Campus
Virchow-Klinikum, Németország;
e-mail: [email protected]):
Eur. Heart J.,
2013,
34
(4), 268–277. | Beszámoló. A ritka betegségek
speciális ellátási
és gondozási szükségletei | Érszűkület Nap.
A magyarországi „Érszűkület Nap” 2014.
március 20-án az európai „PAD [Peri-
pheral Arterial Disease] and Vascular Eu-
ropean Days” kezdeményezés magyaror-
szági eseményeként a Magyar Angiológiai
és Érsebészeti Társaság szervezésében va-
lósult meg, a csatlakozó különféle nemzeti
szervezetek támogatásával.
A VAS (Vascular Independent Research
and Education European Organisation)
kezdeményezésére az idei esemény jelmon-
data „Elég az amputációból, éljen két láb-
bal a földön!” volt
Energy management monitoring and control of public buildings
No full textThe energy demand of the built environment is almost 50% of the total energy demand of a national economy. What solutions can architects offer to reduce environmental and energy problems? One of the most effective methods to develop highly efficient, sustainable building systems is a research program based on energy simulations and monitoring of the building management. The research team, the Author involved in, is on the right way to lay down milestones of an accurate design method to be able to predict and minimize the total energy needs of the building as early as the design phase. Pre- and post-processing energetic and climatic simulations are made during the whole design process. Based on the simulation results continuous alteration can be developed on the planned building complex. The main purpose of this paper is to demonstrate the dynamic simulation and measurement concept of the program in an actual demonstration building of the University of Pécs, which is one of Hungary’s first energy efficient industrial and office buildings with energy-plus potential
A primer testicularis non-Hodgkin-lymphoma felismerése és kezelése | Diagnosis and treatment of primary testicular non-Hodgkin lymphoma
No full textA primer testicularis non-Hodgkin-lymphoma igen ritka, főleg időskorban előforduló betegség, amely 1%-át adja az összes non-Hodgkin- és 2%-át az extranodalis lymphomáknak, a heretumoroknak pedig összesen 5%-ában fordul elő. Az entitást először 1866-ban írták le, ám a mai napig igen ritka és multidiszciplináris terápiát igénylő kórállapot, amely az időben megkezdett és adekvát kezelés nélkül letális lehet. A szerzők a testicularis non-Hodgkin-lymphoma felismerését, tulajdonságait és a társszakmák bevonásával történő kezelési lehetőségeit kívánják bemutatni egy általuk kezelt 68 éves beteg esetén keresztül, aki a primer testicularis non-Hodgkin-lymphoma felismerését követően orchidectomiában, majd kemo- és radioterápiában részesült. A kezelést követő kontroll PET-CT és liquorvizsgálat nem talált daganatot vagy patológiás sejtalakokat, a kezeléssel a lymphoma teljes remisszióját érték el. Orv. Hetil., 2014, 155(2), 69–71.
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The primary testicular non-Hodgkin lymphoma, which has been first described in 1866, is a very uncommon type of urological neoplasia occuring mostly in the elderly ages. It only gives 5% of the testicular tumors, 2% of extranodal lymphomas, and barely 1% of all non-Hodgkin diseases. Patients with testicular non-Hodgkin lymphomas need prompt multidisciplinary aid because without treatment the outcome can be unfavorable. The authors discuss the attributes, diagnostic modalities and treatment options of the primary testicular non-Hodgkin lymphoma and present a case of a 68-year-old patient who underwent orchiectomy, chemo- and radiotherapy after having been diagnosed with the tumor. The follow-up PET-CT and cerebrospinal fluid analysis found no further sign of the disease, and complete remission has been achieved. Orv. Hetil., 2014, 155(2), 69–71
A diabeteses nephropathia jelentősége gyermekkorban. Klinikum és alapkutatás az elmúlt évtizedekben | Importance of diabetic nephropathy in childhood. Clinical findings and basic research in the past decades
No full textAz ultrahangvizsgálat jelentősége és fontossága a modern képalkotó vizsgálatok (CT, MR, izotóp, PET/CT) elterjedésével csökkent, nemritkán csak mint első tájékozódó vizsgálat jelenik meg. A legújabb sokszeletes spirál-CT-kkel a képalkotás másodpercek alatt elvégezhető, ami a jelentős sugárterheléssel járó vizsgálatok számának drámai növekedéséhez vezetett, gyermekkorban is. Ugyanakkor nem feledkezhetünk meg arról, hogy az elmúlt években jelentős fejlődés történt az ultrahang-technológiában, a képminőség egyre jobb. A gyermekek ideális alanyai a vizsgálatnak, miután az esetek nagy részében testtömegük kisebb, kevesebb zsírt tartalmaz, így könnyen vizsgálhatók magas frekvenciájú transzducerrel, aminek következtében sokkal részletgazdagabb, jobb felbontású képek nyerhetők, mint általában felnőtteknél. Megfelelő készülék és gyakorlott, gyermekradiológiában tapasztalt vizsgáló esetében csaknem valamennyi testtájék vizsgálható, mindenképpen első választandó módszer, amely legtöbbször elegendő (esetleg röntgenvizsgálattal kiegészítve) a megfelelő diagnózis felállítására. A közlemény azokkal a lehetőségekkel foglalkozik, ahol a modern ultrahangkészülékek birtokában az ultrahangvizsgálat elegendő a pontos diagnózishoz. Orv. Hetil., 2014, 155(4), 132–140.
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Over the past decades diabetes mellitus is becoming a global pandemia affecting more than 371 million people worldwide. Parallel with the increasing prevalence of type 1 diabetes, there is a growing number of type 2 diabetes cases among children and adolescents that poses new challenges to pediatricians. Diabetic nephropathy is one of the major causes of end stage renal disease, developing in approximately 30% of diabetic patients. However, overt nephropathy is rare in childhood; screening and ongoing assessment for the earliest manifestation of renal injury is extremely important in this young population, as well. Although in the past decades intensive research activity focused on understanding of the pathomechanism of diabetic nephropathy and invention of new therapeutic approaches, prevention and definitive care are still urgently needed. The clinical section of the article summarizes the present state of epidemiology, diagnosis and current therapies of childhood diabetic nephropathy. Then, the authors discuss the state of basic research and show a few promising targets for drug development. Orv. Hetil., 2014, 155(4), 141–150