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Gondolatok a szabad akaratról az epigenetika, a transzgenerációs trauma átvitel és a tudattalan folyamatok tükrében
No full textRoma “activism”, the media and the space between the devil and the deep blue sea
No full textThe aim of this paper is to discuss 1) the position of “the expert” between a population of Roma, local politicians, volunteer “do-gooders” and the media, and 2) the strategic options for the Roma population in such cases of moral and physical “clashes of interests”. The case at hand is my own participation, as an actor and an observer, in the media debate that has taken place during the last five years concerning migrant Roma beggars and street peddlers in Norway, with last summer’s debate as a preliminary top. The theme of the paper is threefold: (1.) An empirical presentation of the discussions and reactions from different social actors to the appearance of begging, playing and peddling Roma in the streets of Norwegian cities and villages. (2.) An analysis of the positions taken by the different actors in this “play” with special focus on the “expert middleman”. (3.) An analysis of the roles and strategies the Roma may use to defend their interests. The distinction between strategy and tactics will be of interest in the final analysis. The paper uses Norway and Romania only as cases to discuss a more general question
The problem of Bohai’s northeastern border and the issue of Bohai-Jurchen relations
No full textThe history of Bohai studies in Russia is more than 150 years old. During those years Russian scholars have produced a number of interesting and valuable publications. Russian scholars combine the use of written sources (Korean, Chinese and Japanese) with the study of archaeological sites. This methodic system is very effective, because archaeological and historical methods supplement each other well.The aim of this article is to highlight and critically analyze the current problem on the Bohai border in the modern Russian area and compare the opinion of Russian and Korean scholars on this issue.The state of Bohai (in Russian: Бохай, in Korean: Parhae 발해, in Chinese: Bohai 渤海, in Japanese — Bokkai) existed in what is now the Russian Maritime Region (Primorskij krai/ Приморский край, in the Russian Far East), North Korea and Northeastern China from the late seventh to the early tenth centuries CE.Question about northern Bohai border has connected with problem of Bohai-Jurchen relations in contest of opinions by Russian and Korean specialists. This work has two aspects — archaeology and history.Research of Bohai in historical and archaeological aspects very different in methodology, sources, styles of interpretations therefore results are not similar. It was a reason why we considered history and archaeology separately
The study of three generational Swabian and Hungarian marital mobility in a Pest County village
No full textThe topic of this study is social mobility, namely the analysis of marital mobility in a multinational village, mostly inhabited by Swabians and Hungarians: Dunabogdány. The article is based on empirical fieldwork and the analysis of historical sources. Social structure, social stratification and mobility represent a voluminous field of research in social sciences embracing multiple dimensions. The relating theories and researches also treat the issue of marital mobility; some superficially, some in more detail. Nonetheless, marital mobility as such is researched only by a few. This study aims to show that marital mobility can only be properly interpreted through the overall consideration of social mobility; however, certain case studies on marital mobility might allow us to get a better and deeper understanding of social mobility. In my research I examine the factors that affect marriage-related social mobility, trying to identify new, hidden components to this phenomenon. I discovered such “new”, prominent factors influencing social mobility in a Swabian village in Pest County called Dunabogdány. In my analysis I will discuss ethnicity, religion and financial status, as well as the forced relocations (1947) significantly marking the lives of the villagers, and their collective and complex effect on partner selection, marriage and social mobility. I will relate these aspects to three generations by comparing their memories and experiences
From Atilla to the heart chakra. Postmodern pilgrimages
No full textIn the decades since the change of political system, religious culture in Hungary has undergone substantial transformation, mainly due to the fact that the way has been opened for ideological pluralism. However, not only have new religious phenomena appeared as a consequence, there has also been considerable change in the vernacular religiosity of large numbers. All these changes can be clearly observed in the forms of new religious spaces, their symbols and rites. The aim of the present study is to analyse the changes in religious culture and the motivations behind them through the example of two new places of pilgrimage
Main challenges of Hungarian public education with special focus on inequality: An international comparison
No full textThis article demonstrates the idiosyncrasies of the Hungarian public educational system (primary, secondary and adult education) through regional and global comparisons. The main sources for comparison are data from the OECD and Eurostat as well as empirical research in Hungary. The research focused on educational attainment and the structure of the educational system, inequalities within the Hungarian educational system, educational attainment and employment, teacher salaries and teacher selection policy issues. The article proved that Hungary’s public education system is the most unequal among the OECD countries, the structures of the secondary programs are biased, employment is relatively low, the rate of adult education is among the lowest, and the quality of teachers is below average because of counter-selection processes. Most of these problems can be traced to the lack of resources and the processes generated by demographic and social changes that have not been followed by adequate policy changes. The study deals with the educational disadvantages for Roma children as well. While this phenomenon affects Europe as a whole, it affects Hungary to a much greater extent
Astrologia, magia e culto di Apuleio nella cultura di Mattia Corvino
No full textAs a first step towards the exposition of the contents and character of King Matthias’ natural scientific erudition and the exploration of the background and motives of the ruler’s literary patronage, we have investigated the king’s natural scientific and philosophical interest. Data from already well-known fields (astronomy and astrology, alchemy, magic), as well as evidence that has been neglected so far show that from among the studies on nature the king most intensely dealt with occult sciences, and this interest also dominated his scientific patronage, mainly his significant support of astronomy. It also influenced his affinity and commitment to Neoplatonism, the basis of which consisted of the knowledge of the teaching of Apuleius, who was well known and also honoured as a magician throughout the Middle Ages, and called by the epithet “platonicus” due to the corpus of his works. In his De vita dedicated to Matthias, offering much occult-hermetic knowledge, Marsilio Ficino adapted himself to this taste of the king. Before the making of Ficino’s translations and his Platonism, the works of Apuleius were one of the most important Platonic sources to the West and to Ficino himself; they cleared the ground for the reception of Plato’s works and of Greek Platonic-Hermetic philosophical writings
Pulchre convenit improbis cinaedis. Über die Gedichte des Schlesischen Humanisten Georg von Logau (Georgius Logus)
No full textIn 1903, in the periodical Történelmi Tár [Historical Repository], Henrik Kretschmayr published a Latin satirical poem on John Zápolya by an anonymous author, written according to him in 1527. In spite of the fact that the poem has been known for more than a century, it has evaded the attention of researchers, although it is a noteworthy piece for several reasons. It is a perfect example of anti-Zápolya propaganda, outstanding among such writings in that the author had accomplished a bravoure of style by the parallel application of imitatio and aemulatio, that are characteristic of neo-Latin poetry, when paraphrasing carmen 29, one of Catullus’ most powerful invectives.
Therefore, it is not a simple satirical poem, but a text operating at various levels and capable of addressing several layers of audience. By naming the accusations against Zápolya, also known from contemporaneous pamphlets, it functions as a piece of propaganda, however, by the artful imitation of Catullus, it can also address more educated readers, who may have delighted themselves in the recognition of the allusions.
Although several poets in Habsburg service could be candidates for the authorship, it is clear that the poem was written by the Silesian poet Georg von Logau (Georgius Logus), whose volume published in 1529 includes not only this, but also other poems imitating Catullus, and even follows the ancient author in its composition. This cannot be unrelated to the fact that during his studies in Rome, Logus was the student of Pierio Valeriano, who was the first to discuss Catullus’ poetry in the form of regular university lectures