1869 research outputs found
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Luci ed ombre delle più recenti riforme del mercato del lavoro tedesco agli occhi del giuslavorista italiano = (The impact of the most recent labour law reforms in Germany: considerations from an Italian perspective)
No full textThe working paper examines the impact of the most recent German labour law and labour market reforms on employment dynamics, pointing put, first of all, that these reforms have been adopted both by the federal legislator and by the social partners, i.e. outside and inside the industrial relations’ system. While the legislative reforms concentrated on introducing and regulating atypical work
forms, on employment services, and on social security cushions, the reforms adopted by the social partners have made the standard employment relationship more flexible. According to many scholars these measures, especially the ones agreed within the industrial relations’ system, have been fundamental to maintain employment and the competitiveness of German firms.
The analysis confirms the overall positive effects of these reforms, but it shows that at the same time precariousness has grown also in Germany and that, as a consequence, the quality of jobs has significantly worsen.
Finally, it is suggested to think about the possible outcomes of similar reforms in Italy, especially in relation to the need of making the standard employment
relationship more flexible, which is a crucial issue not only in order to preserve employment, but also to generally take on the challenges of postfordism and economic globalisation
Specifying Business Processes with Azzurra
No full textA business process is above all else a social interaction among multiple participants. Business process modeling languages support the description of business processes in operational terms as collections of interleaved activities conducted by human and software agents. However, such descriptions do not capture adequately the richness of social interaction among participants. To address this deficiency, we propose Azzurra, a specification language for modeling and executing business processes. Azzurra is founded on social concepts, such as roles, agents and commitments among them, and Azzurra specifications are social models consisting of sets of commitments. As such, Azzurra specifications support flexible executions of business processes, and provide a semantic notion of actor accountability and business process compliance. In this paper, we present syntax and semantics of Azzurra, and we propose algorithms to determine run- time compliance with an Azzurra social specification
Dallo status di cittadino ai diritti di cittadinanza
No full text“Cittadinanza è parola antica, segno di un sapere strutturato nell’arco di una lunga tradizione che, tuttavia, non cessa di essere soggetta a numerosi quanto recenti ripensamenti. All’interno dell’ordinamento giuridico statale, infatti, il suo carattere fondativo – quale presupposto per il riconoscimento di diritti – è posto in crisi per la presenza di diversi fattori, ora interni al sistema, ora di natura sovranazionale. Il volume, dalla prospettiva dichiaratamente interdisciplinare, si propone di offrire una panoramica dei molti contesti in cui la cittadinanza vede mutare i suoi significati più tradizionali e di contribuire alla discussione scientifica sulle possibilità innovative che si possono comunque raggiungere in tali trasformazioni. Dai nessi tra ordine economico-sociale e ordine giuridico-politico alla dimensione europea della soggettività giuridica; dalla disciplina dell’immigrazione alle politiche pubbliche fondate sulla residenzialità; dai modi della partecipazione attiva del cittadino alla cosa pubblica ai problemi definitori e istituzionali affrontati dagli studi di genere: i saggi qui riuniti testimoniano l’interesse della Facoltà trentina per gli importanti e trasversali orizzonti di ricerca che il dibattito sulla cittadinanza rilancia e rinnova con particolare urgenza”
Proceedings of the 17th International Workshop on Physical Processes in Natural Waters: PPNW2014, Trento, Italy, 1-4 July 2014
No full textThe focus of the PPNW workshops is the physics of inland and coastal water bodies and their interactions with the physical and biogeochemical processes that control water quality, ecosystem function, and the services such systems provide. The workshops traditionally cover a broad spectrum of scientific topics. Besides general topics, the Trento workshop pays special attention to the coupling of
physical and ecological processes and water quality in alpine and perialpine lakes.
PPNW is an open workshop, actively seeking to expand contacts with neighbouring fields such as physical oceanography, the atmospheric sciences, and engineering. With 40 to 60 participants and a small number of invited speakers, the PPNW meetings are characterized by
their active workshop atmosphere and a comfortable time frame for presentations and discussion
Structural reinforcement and failure analysis in composite nanofibers of graphene oxide and gelatin
No full textIn this work we study the mechanical properties and failure mechanism of nano-composites of graphene oxide sheets embedded in polymeric systems, namely films and electro-spun nanofibers. In this last system, contrary to conventional bulk composites, the size of the nano-reinforcement (GO sheets) is comparable to the size of the nanofibers to be reinforced (≈ 200 nm). As polymeric matrix we use gelatin. We demonstrate that the high chemical affinity of the two materials hinders the renaturation of gelatin into collagen and causes a nearly ideal mixing in the GO–gelatin composite. Adding just 1% of GO (wt of GO with respect to gelatin ) we obtain an increase of Young’s modulus >50% and an increase of fracture stress >60%. We use numerical simulations to study the failure mechanism of the fibers. Calculations well agree with experimental data and show that, even if cracks start at GO sheet edges due to stress concentrations, crack propagation is hindered by the nonlinear behaviour of the matrix. Moreover, the presence of the GO sheets in continuous gelatin films improves the material stability to phosphate buffer solutions from 2 days to 2 weeks, making it a better material than gelatin for applications in biological environments
Finite element simulation of eddy current problems using magnetic scalar potentials
No full textWe propose a new implementation of the finite element approximation of eddy current problems using as
principal unknown the magnetic field. In the non-conducting region a scalar magnetic potential is introduced.
The method can deal automatically with any topological configuration of the conducting region and, being
based on the search of a scalar magnetic potential in the non-conducting region, has the advantage of making
use of a reduced number of unknowns. Several numerical tests are presented for illustrating the performance
of the proposed method; in particular, the numerical simulation of a new type of transformer of complicated
topological shape is shown
An Interactive Platform for Multilingual Linguistic Resource Enrichment
No full textThe world is extremely diverse and its diversity is obvious in the cultural differences and the large number of spoken languages being used all over the world. In this sense, we need to collect and organize a huge amount of knowledge obtained from multiple resources differing from one another in many aspects. A possible approach for doing that is to think of designing effective tools for construction and maintenance of linguistic resources based on well-defined knowledge representation methodologies capable of dealing with diversity and the continuous evolvement of human knowledge. In this paper, we present a linguistic resource management platform which allows for knowledge organization in a language-independent manner and provides the appropriate mapping from a language independent concept to one or more language specific lexicalization. The paper explains the knowledge representation methodology used in constructing the platform together with the iterative process followed in designing and implementing the first version of the platform, named UKC-1 and the updated refined version, named UKC-2
Norme interne per l'attività editoriale
No full textIl documento disciplina i requisiti e le modalità di pubblicazione di opere nell’ambito delle Collane della Facoltà di Giurisprudenza dell’Università degli Studi di Trento e contempla altresì alcune norme sulle pubblicazioni c.d. ‘fuori Collane’
Intellectual Property, Open Science and Research Biobanks
No full textIn biomedical research and translational medicine, the ancient war between exclusivity (private control over information) and access to information is proposing again on a new battlefield: research biobanks. The latter are becoming increasingly important (one of the ten ideas changing the world, according to Time magazine) since they allow to collect, store and distribute in a secure and professional way a critical mass of human biological samples for research purposes. Tissues and related data are fundamental for the development of the biomedical research and the emerging field of translational medicine: they represent the “raw material” for every kind of biomedical study. For this reason, it is crucial to understand the boundaries of Intellectual Property (IP) in this prickly context. In fact, both data sharing and collaborative research have become an imperative in contemporary open science, whose development depends inextricably on: the opportunities to access and use data, the possibility of sharing practices between communities, the cross-checking of information and results and, chiefly, interactions with experts in different fields of knowledge. Data sharing allows both to spread the costs of analytical results that researchers cannot achieve working individually and, if properly managed, to avoid the duplication of research. These advantages are crucial: access to a common pool of pre-competitive data and the possibility to endorse follow-on research projects are fundamental for the progress of biomedicine. This is why the "open movement" is also spreading in the biobank's field. After an overview of the complex interactions among the different stakeholders involved in the process of information and data production, as well as of the main obstacles to the promotion of data sharing (i.e., the appropriability of biological samples and information, the privacy of participants, the lack of interoperability), we will firstly clarify some blurring in language, in particular concerning concepts often mixed up, such as “open source” and “open access”. The aim is to understand whether and to what extent we can apply these concepts to the biomedical field. Afterwards, adopting a comparative perspective, we will analyze the main features of the open models – in particular, the Open Research Data model – which have been proposed in literature for the promotion of data sharing in the field of research biobanks.
After such an analysis, we will suggest some recommendations in order to rebalance the clash between exclusivity - the paradigm characterizing the evolution of intellectual property over the last three centuries - and the actual needs for access to knowledge. We argue that the key factor in this balance may come from the right interaction between IP, social norms and contracts. In particular, we need to combine the incentives and the reward mechanisms characterizing scientific communities with data sharing imperative
SensEH: From Simulation to Deployment of Energy Harvesting Wireless Sensor Networks
No full textEnergy autonomy and system lifetime are critical concerns in wireless sensor networks (WSNs), for which energy harvesting (EH) is emerging as a promising solution. Nevertheless,the tools supporting the design of EH-WSN are limited to a few simulators that require developers to re-implement the application with programming languages different from WSN ones. Further, simulators notoriously provide only a rough approximation of the reality of low-power wireless communication.
In this paper we present SENSEH, a software framework that allows developers to move back and forth between the power and speed of a simulated approach and the reality and accuracy of in-field experiments. SENSEH relies on COOJA for emulating the actual, deployment-ready code, and provides two modes of operation that allow the reuse of exactly the same code in realworld WSN deployments. We describe the toolchain and software architecture of SENSEH, and demonstrate its practical use and benefits in the context of a case study where we investigate how the lifetime of a WSN used for adaptive lighting in road tunnels can be extended using harvesters based on photovoltaic panels