InterNano Nanomanufacturing Repository
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    Nanomanufacturing: Emergence and Implications for U.S. Competitiveness, the Environment, and Human Health

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    The forum's participants described nanomanufacturing as a future megatrend that will potentially match or surpass the digital revolution's effect on society and the economy. They anticipated further scientific breakthroughs that will fuel new engineering developments; continued movement into the manufacturing sector; and more intense international competition. Although limited data on international investments made comparisons difficult, participants viewed the U.S. as likely leading in nanotechnology research and development (R&D) today. At the same time, they identified several challenges to U.S. competitiveness in nanomanufacturing, such as inadequate U.S. participation and leadership in international standard setting; the lack of a national vision for a U.S. nanomanufacturing capability; some competitor nations' aggressive actions and potential investments; and funding or investment gaps in the United States (illustrated in the figure, below), which may hamper U.S. innovators' attempts to transition nanotechnology from R&D to full-scale manufacturing

    Synthesis and Electrocatalytic Properties of H2SO4-Induced (100) Pt Nanoparticles Prepared in Water-in-Oil Microemulsion

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    The increasing number of applications for shape-controlled metal nanoparticles (NPs) has led to the need for easy, cheap, and scalable methodologies. We report the synthesis of (100) preferentially oriented Pt NPs, with a particle size of 9 nm, by using a water-in-oil microemulsion method. The specific surface structure of the NPs is induced by the presence of H2SO4 in the water phase of the microemulsion. Interestingly, the results reported herein show how increasing amounts of H2SO4 lead to the formation of Pt NPs containing a larger amount of (100) sites on their surface. This preferential surface orientation is confirmed electrochemically by using the so-called hydrogen adsorption/desorption process. In addition, transmission electron microscopy measurements confirm the presence of cubic-like Pt NPs. Finally, the electrocatalytic properties of the Pt NPs are evaluated towards ammonia and CO electro-oxidations, which are (100) structure-sensitive reactions

    Final 2012 and Preliminary 2014 Effluent Guidelines Program Plans

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    This document presents the Final 2012 Effluent Guidelines Program Plan (“Final 2012 Plan”) and the Preliminary 2014 Effluent Guidelines Program Plan (“Preliminary 2014 Plan”), both of which were prepared pursuant to Clean Water Act (CWA) section 304(m). It also provides a summary of EPA’s review of effluent guidelines and pretreatment standards, consistent with CWA sections 301(d), 304(b), 304(g), and 304(m), and EPA’s evaluation of indirect discharges without categorical pretreatment standards to identify potential new categories for pretreatment standards under CWA section 307(b). From these reviews, the Plans identify any new or existing industrial categories selected for effluent guidelines rulemakings, and provide a schedule for such rulemakings. In addition, the Plans present any new or existing categories selected for further review and analysis

    Science and technology roadmap for graphene, related two-dimensional crystals, and hybrid systems

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    We present the science and technology roadmap for graphene, related two-dimensional crystals, and hybrid systems, targeting an evolution in technology, that might lead to impacts and benefits reaching into most areas of society. This roadmap was developed within the framework of the European Graphene Flagship and outlines the main targets and research areas as best understood at the start of this ambitious project. We provide an overview of the key aspects of graphene and related materials (GRMs), ranging from fundamental research challenges to a variety of applications in a large number of sectors, highlighting the steps necessary to take GRMs from a state of raw potential to a point where they might revolutionize multiple industries. We also define an extensive list of acronyms in an effort to standardize the nomenclature in this emerging field

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