Ardabil University of Medical Sciences
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Synthesis and characterization of PAMAM/SiO2 nanohybrid as a new promising adsorbent for pharmaceuticals
No full textThis research reports the synthesis of a dendritic adsorbent named polyamidoamine/silica (PAMAM/SiO2) nanohybrid and its application for adsorption of pharmaceutical pollutants from hospital wastewater. The characterization of the resulting nanohybrid was studied by the FTIR, XRD, TEM, SEM, BET, TGA and Zeta potential measurements. Then, a comparative evaluation was performed for four pharmaceuticals including clofibric acid, diclofenac, ibuprofen, and ketoprofen adsorption from aqueous solution by nanohybrid. Effects of various parameters such as nanohybrid dosage, drug concentration, pH of initial solution and contact time were investigated for a batch sorption system. The optimized operating conditions were 25 min, 298 K, pH = 9, 1 mg/L of adsorbent dose and 100 μg/L of adsorbate concentration. The maximum sorption capacity were 94, 134, 124 and 112 mg/g for clofibric acid, diclofenac, ibuprofen and ketoprofen, respectively. Various kinetic models have been studied to recognize the pharmaceuticals sorption mechanism onto nanohybrid. The results showed that the sorption process obeyed the pseudo-second order kinetic models. Analysis of the adsorption process proved that the Langmuir isotherm was the most adapted model. The thermodynamic parameters have been calculated and it demonstrated that adsorption of four pharmaceuticals using nanohybrid was endothermic and spontaneous. This study convinced that PAMAM/SiO2 nanohybrid could be an attractive, alternative, effective, economical, and environmentally friendly adsorbent for pharmaceutical pollutants from hospital wastewater
EMERGENCY PANCREATICODUODENECTOMY AFTER ABDOMINAL BLUNT TRAUMA BY A BIKE HANDLEBAR IN A 10-YEAR-OLD BOY
Get PDFIntroduction: Pancreatic injury is the fourth most common solid organ injury, following the spleen, liver, and kidneys.
Early diagnosis of pancreatic trauma is a key for optimal management, but remains a challenge even with more advanced
imaging modalities. For both penetrating and blunt pancreatic injuries, the presence of main pancreatic ductal injury is the major determinant of morbidity and the major factor guiding management decisions. The complete
pancreaticoduodenectomy is often the choice of treatment on the surgeon confronting for an injured pancreatic head
particularly in the presence of concurrent duodenal injury to rescue a patient considering his or her acute hemodynamics.
Materials & Methods: A-10-year old boy refers to emergency department with the complaint of ongoing abdominal pain
after hitting of a bike handlebar to his abdomen. He tended to be immobile and sit instead of lying down. He was
hemodynamically stable with a notable tenderness mostly in the periumbilical region and an abdominal wall progressively
became guarded. Focused abdominal sonography for trauma (FAST) was positive for free intraperitoneal fluid that
indicated CT scan in which the intraperitoneal solid organs were intact. For the peritonitis, He underwent laparotomy. The peritoneal cavity contained about half liter of bloody fluid. There was a massive disruption of the pancreatic head and its main duct within surrounding non expanding hematoma with obvious main pancreatic duct disruption. The decision to Whipple procedure was made. For a tiny pancreatic duct he had, the intact part of pancreatic tissue including tail and
nearly the 10% distal of body was attached with a one-layered invagination end-to-side pancreatojejunostomy technique to the jejunum. Ensuring efficiency of anastomosis and the absence of the leaking, abdominal wall after inserting drainage
tubes was repaired and the patient was sent to intensive care unit.
Results: There was neither complication before nor after enteric feeding and in the several careful follow-ups.
Conclusion: The current report of a trauma-related pancreaticoduodenectomy underlines the importance of early and proper intervention in a case of a concurrent pancreatic and duodenal crushed injury. In addition, the trauma surgeon
deals with narrow ducts of a child not having opportunity to be dilated compared with Whipple procedures for pancreatic
tumors of an adult
Effect of Music Therapy with Periorbital Massage on Chemotherapy-Induced Nausea and Vomiting in Gastrointestinal Cancer: a Randomized Controlled Trail
Get PDFIntroduction: Music and massage therapy are among the approaches of complementary medicine. Patients with cancer have been hugely encouraged in recent years to use complementary medicine to relieve chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting. The present study was conducted to determine the effect of music and periorbital massage therapy on chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting in patients with gastrointestinal cancers. Methods: The present single-blind clinical trial study was conducted on 60 patients with gastrointestinal cancer undergoing chemotherapy who were randomly assigned to control and music plus massage therapy groups. Two interventions were concurrently carried out on patients in music plus massage therapy group while receiving chemotherapy medication, but the control group received no intervention. Rhodes questionnaire was used to assess nausea and vomiting before and 24 hours after chemotherapy. Data were analyzed using descriptive and analytical statistical tests (Chi-square and t-tests). Results: Music plus periorbital massage therapy significantly reduced nausea and vomiting in patients undergoing chemotherapy compared to the control group. Conclusion: According to the results, using music plus periorbital massage improves nausea and vomiting in patients undergoing chemotherapy, and can be considered as a complementary medicine method in conjunction with other medicinal therapies to relieve symptoms of patients with cancer
Prevention logic in medical traditions
Get PDFBackground and Aim: Among the many valuable treasures of the Islamic tradition, many hadiths refer to aspects of human health, disease and treatment. The growth of medical science has led to greater attention to medical narratives, and some unknowing and profitable individuals have justified the treatment of diseases by citing such narratives. On the other hand, some have claimed that medical hadiths are irrelevant and irrelevant. This study seeks to answer the question: Do medical narratives emphasize treatment or prevention or are such narratives feasible? Are they cited? And whether the target audience is unique to the medical narrative or, like jurisprudence and on the basis of sharing in the task, can the medical traditions be generalized?
Methods: This study seeks to identify and express the hadiths that focus on the prophylactic aspect of diseases by referring to some hadith sources related to the subject and content analysis and description. Referred to as libraries, reputable websites, CDs, microfilms, and scientific journals, the content has been collected as a transcript.
Conclusion: The results of this study show that referring to medical hadiths, like other hadiths issued by the infallibles, is a specialized work and should avoid any prejudice and interpretation of the vote, and that many hadiths should be better prevented. Understand the treatment and emphasize preventive aspects of diseases, such as: Avoiding overeating, recommending certain things that are effective on human health and not getting sick, observing nutritional principles and practices such as eating while eating. Hunger and appetite, good chewing and munching, avoiding food, using toothpicks, etc.
Keywords:
Hadiths, medicine, Islam, prevention, treatment, medicin
The Prevalence of Various Abuse Types and Their Associated Factors in the Elderly
Get PDFBackground: Elder abuse is a significant public health problem overlooked by communities.
The current study investigated various abuse types prevalence and their associated factors among
the elderly.
Methods: This cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted in 2014. Research palpation
compromised elderly covered by health hygiene centers in Kashan City, Iran. The study sample
included 500 elderly individuals. We applied quota sampling with randomization for sample
selection. The quota sampling size differed according to the number and gender of the subjects.
Demographic data questionnaire and Heravi-Karimooi Elderly Abuse Questionnaire. The
obtained data were analyzed by SPSS. Descriptive statistics, Kolmogorov-Smirnov test, Chisquared
test, and Logistic Regression analysis were used for data analysis. The significance level
was set at P<0.05.
Results: The study participants’ Mean±SD age was 72.07±9.03 years. The obtained prevalence
rates were as follows: emotional neglect: 29.8%, neglect of care: 35.6%, financial neglect: 37.8%,
authority: 41.2%, experienced psychological abuse: 45%, financial abuse: 45.6%, physical
abuse: 22.2%, and rejection: 16.6%. There were significant correlations between abuse and
age (P=0.001), the number of children (P=0.001), marital status (P=0.01), the living conditions
(P=0.001), having diseases (P=0.029), and having the ability to walk (P=0.001).
Conclusion: The study findings are crucial in developing a national system for protecting the
elderly. Furthermore, a continuing education plan is required for enforcing communication
between caregivers and elder
Bevacizumab as a monoclonal antibody inhibits mitochondrial complex II in isolated rat heart mitochondria: ameliorative effect of ellagic acid
Get PDFDrug-induced cardiotoxicity usually manifests as heart failure or left ventricular systolic dysfunction. Left ventricular dysfunction is a rarely reported side effect of bevacizumab (BEV) with an incidence of 1.2%, and this occurs irrespective of the route of administration. In this study, we focused on an analysis of BEV effects on mitochondrial complexes activities and protective effect of ellagic acid (EA) against BEV-induced mitochondria toxicity. Rat heart mitochondria were isolated using differential centrifugation form wistar rats. Using biochemical and flowcytometry assays we evaluated mitochondrial complexes activity, succinate dehydrogenases (SDH), mitochondrial swelling, reactive oxygen species (ROS) formation and mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) in isolated mitochondria. We observed only decreased activity of complexes II after exposure with BEV (50 and 100 µg/ml). The inhibition of complex II is paralleled by the decreased MMP, mitochondrial swelling, and ROS formation. Also, we showed that EA (10–100 µM) as an antioxidant and natural agent significantly decreases mitochondrial toxicity induced by BEV. Together, for the first time, this preliminary study has demonstrated a significant decrease in activity of complexes II after exposure with BEV and proved the protective effects of EA in alleviating BEV-mediated mitochondria toxicity
Cytotoxic effects of combined metformin, docetaxel and 5-fluorouracil on the gastric cancer cells
Get PDFBackground and objective: Until now, many drug combinations have been used against gastric cancer. Despite the use of 5-fluorouracil and docetaxel chemotherapy drugs, drug resistance is increasing in some cancers. Metformin in combination with conventional chemotherapy drugs can be effective in the treatment of gastric cancer. Here, we evaluated the cytotoxic effects of combined metformin, docetaxel and 5-fluorouracil on the gastric cancer cell line, AGS.
Methods: In this experimental study, gastric cancer cells were cultivated in RPMI1640 and 10% FBS. The cells were then exposed to different concentrations of metformin (1–80 mM), docetaxel (0.6–22.5 nM) and 5-fluorouracil (0. 045-12 μg / ml). Then, the cell proliferation was evaluated by MTT method. After IC50 determination, the cell apoptosis was evaluated by acridine orange / ethidium bromide assay. Immunocytochemistry was used to examine the expression of Shh and the ability of colony formation in different groups was evaluated by clonogenic assay.
Results: The results showed that combination therapy by metformin and chemotherapy drugs, docetaxel and 5-fluorouracil significantly reduced gastric cancer cells viability in a concentration- and time-dependent manner. (p<0.05). According to the combination index (CI), metformin/docetaxel and metformin/5-fluorouracil had a synergistic effect on AGS cells apoptosis (p<0.05). In combination therapy, Shh protein expression significantly decreased in comparison to control group. The results also showed that the number of colonies in combination groups, metformin/docetaxel and metformin/5-fluorouracil, was significantly decreased in comparison to docetaxel and 5-fluorouracil alone.
Conclusion: Our results showed that combination of metformin, docetaxel and 5-fluorouracil can be effective in the treatment of patients with gastric cancer
Comparative evaluation of dentinal crack formation after root canal preparation using proTaper universal, protaper next, reciproc and reciproc blue
No full textIntroduction: Currently the popularity of NiTi rotary files is increasing because of their superiority over stainless steel files; despite the benefits of rotary files, there is a risk of cracking in the root canal walls when using these files. The aim of this thesis was to compare the rate of dentin cracking during tooth canal preparation using Protaper universal, Protaper next, Reciproc and Reciproc blue rotary files in vitro.
Materials and Methods: In this in vitro study, 75 human mandibular premolar teeth with equal root length, without developmental anomaly and without spherule were selected and randomly divided into 5 groups (n = 15). Teeth of 4 groups were cleaned and shaped according to the manufacturer's instructions using one of the protaper universal, protaper next, Reciproc and Reciproc blue files and one group was selected as a control group. In all the files, 2.5% sodium hypochlorite was used as washing liquid between each device during channel preparation. After preparation, all roots were sectioned perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the tooth at distances of 3, 6 and 9 mm from the apex with a diamond saw and water as a coolant. Each section was examined by stereo microscope to examine the presence of dentin defects. The obtained data were analyzed by SPSS software version 23 using chi-square and Fisher exact tests at the 0.05 level of error.
Results: Maximum dentin crack was observed in Protaper Universal in 6 and 9 mm in Apex group and protaper next in 3 mm; no dentin crack was observed in 3, 9and 9 mm sections in control group where no preparation was done. The results also showed that rotary files of protaper universal, protaper next, Reciproc, Reciproc blue are effective in the formation of dentin crack during endodontic treatment. The amount of crack created by Protaper universal was significantly higher than Reciproc blue (P <0.05). Also, the overall dentin crack rate by the Next protaper rotary file was significantly (P <0.05) higher than that of the Reciproc blue;
Conclusion: All rotary systems cause dental cracks. Reciproc blue seems to be a good alternative to other rotary systems because it can save time and cost and minimize damage to the tooth walls
The effect of Rosemary)Rosmarinus officinalis) plant leaves and branches aqueous extract on Parkinson's disease improvement in male mus musculuses induced by MPTP
No full textBackground and Objective: Parkinson's disease is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder which affects 1% of the population above 55 years of age. Parkinson after Alzheimer's disease is the most common neurodegenerative disorder. There is increasing evidence of the effect of oxidative stress as a pathogen in the progression of Parkinson's disease. Rosemary is one of the plants that has been able to neutralize free radicals in the intracellular environment. Past studies have shown that the composition of carnosic acid in rosemary reduces the amount of free radicals in the brain and reduces the risk of stroke and other brain neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer and brain sclerosis. the present study seeks to investigate the effect of this plant on the improvement of Parkinson's disease, which has not been investigated so far.
Methods: This study was performed on 35 male mus musculuses divided into 5 groups of 7. A control group, a group that we indused Parkinson's disease to them by MPTP Poison and did not give them any drugs. The following three groups of rosemary aqueous extract were dosed 100, 150 and 200 mg/kg, respectively. The results of the study were evaluated by lipid oxidation with nmol/mg unit and the activity of superoxide dismutase based on U/mg and muscle stiffness and holding the hand on the platform based on scoring systems and rotational behavior tests.
Results:. In the case of muscle rigidity test, the mean score of the control group was 0.2 ± 0.06 and MPTP group was 3.5 ± 0.23. In rosemary groups with doses of 100,150 and 200 mg/kg, the scores of the groups were 3/3±0.1, 2/9±0.2 and 1/2±0.33, respectively. The activity of superoxide dismutase in the control group was 10.24±1.02 U/mg and MPTP group was 1.93±0.52 U/mg. In rosemary groups with doses of 100, 150 and 200 mg/kg, this was 2.47±0.7, 4/78±1.04 and 7/32±0.75 U/mg, respectively. In the case of MDA lipid peroxidation test the control group, was 5±1.02 nmol/mg and MPTP group was 19±2.12 nmol/mg. In rosemary groups with doses of 100,150 and 200 mg/kg, this value was 16.5±1.2, 14.9±2.05 and 10.09±0.75 nmol/mg, respectively. In all 4 tests, especially in the rosemary group at 200 mg/kg, data analysis showed a significant difference (p <0.05) compared to MPTP group.
Conclusion: The result was that the Aqueous extract of rosemary plant leaves and branches, particularly at doses of 200 mg/kg, could reduce Parkinson's symptoms and control the disease