Ardabil University of Medical Sciences
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2,4-D causes oxidative stress induction and apoptosis in human dental pulp stem cells (hDPSCs)
No full text2,4-Dicholorophenoxy acetic acid (2,4-D) is a worldwide used hormone herbicide. Human dental pulp stem cells (hDPSCs) as a potential source of mesenchymal stem cells provide a confident model system for the assessments of chemicals in vitro. The main objective of this study was to examine the biological effects and damages attributed to 2,4-D on hDPSCs. hDPSCs were isolated from third molar pulp tissues and their mesenchymal identity were evaluated. Then, hDPSCs were treated with increasing concentrations of 2,4-D (0.1 μM-10 mM). Cell viability assay and cumulative cell counting were carried out to address 2,4-D effects on biological parameters of hDPSCs. Cell cycle distribution, ROS level and ALP activity were measured before and after treatment. AO/EB staining and caspase 3/7 activity were investigated to detect the possible mechanisms of cell death. Flow-cytometric immunophenotyping and differentiation data confirmed the mesenchymal identity of cultivated hDPSCs. 2,4-D treatment caused a hormetic response in the viability and growth rate of hDPSCs. G0/G1 cell cycle arrest, enhanced ROS level, and reduced ALP activity were detected in hDPSCs treated with EC50 dose of 2,4-D. AO/EB staining showed a higher percentage of alive cells in lower concentrations of the herbicide. The increment in 2,4-D dose and the number of early and late apoptotic cells were increased. DAPI staining and caspase 3/7 assay validated the induction of apoptosis. 2,4-D concentrations up to 100 μM did not affect hDPSCs viability and proliferation. The intense cellular oxidative stress and apoptosis were observed at higher concentration
The Status of Cultural Care among Nurses Working in Teaching Hospitals affiliated to Ardabil’s Teaching Hospitals
Get PDFIntroduction: According to the holistic approach of nursing, nursing care should be congruent with the culture of the patients. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the status of cultural care among nurses working in teaching hospitals affiliated to Ardabil University of Medical Sciences.
Methodology: A descriptive-cross sectional study design was used to conduct the study. Stratified random sampling method was used to select 350 nurses working in the teaching hospitals of Ardabil as the study subjects. The study tool was a questionnaire consists of two parts: A demographic part and Moulder's Cultural Care Inventory. Data were analyzed in SPSS-22. Descriptive statistics were used to describe demographic characteristics and variables. The Chi-square test and Spearman’s correlation test were used to determine the relationship between the variables, and the logistic regression was used to predict cultural care and its dimensions with the presence of demographic variables. Statistical tests at p-value level less than 0.05 were considered statistically significant.
Results: The grand item mean of cultural care was 2.60±0.621, which is considered poor. Except for the subscale of cultural attitude (3.45 ± 0.559) which was in a acceptable status, in other subscales, namely, cultural preparation (2.64 ± 0.88), cultural awareness ( 2.81 ± 0.736) and cultural competence (2.58 ± 0.834) of nurses were in an poor status. Spearman’s correlation coefficient showed that cultural competence is significantly related to increase cultural preparation (r=0.80), cultural attitude (r=0.62) and cultural awareness (r=0.87).
Discussion: The present study revealed the poor status of cultural care. Therefore, it is imperative for the nursing managers, policy makers and nursing decision-makers to improve cultural competence of nurses using strategies such as in-service learning, cultural mentoring, and curriculum revision to integrate cultural care skills to nurses’ general competencies
Moral Distress of Nurses in Emergency Department of Ardabil Hospitals in 1395
Get PDFBackground & objectives: Nurses, as the main members of the care and treatment teams, are at the forefront of health care provision and their performance largely determine the quality of health care. Moral distress can have many physical and psychological consequences in nurses and negatively affect their professional responsibilities. The aim of this study was to determine the extent of moral distress in nurses of emergency department of Ardabil hospitals in 2016.
Methods: This descriptive-analytical study was carried out on 175 nurses, working in the emergency department of hospitals in Ardabil city, who were selected using a census sampling. The data gathering tools were demographic questionnaire and moral distress questionnaire for nurses. Descriptive statistics (mean, standard deviation and frequency) and inferential statistics (one-way ANOVA) were used to analyze the data.
Results: The findings indicated that mean and standard deviation of moral distress in nurses of emergency departments were in moderate level (1.87±0.89). Moral distress in nurses of emergency departments was higher than other departments in terms of non-observance of ethical principles (2.00±1.02). Among evaluated variables, there were significant positive correlations between service record, work shift, employment status and type of hospital with moral distress (p<0.05).
Conclusion: Regarding to moderate moral distress level in emergency nurses participating in this study, the managers of the organization should adopt the necessary methods and measures to identify the symptoms and detect the factors affecting the moral distress of nurses
Fecal Carriage of High-Level Aminoglycoside and Ampicillin-Resistant Enterococcus Species in healthy Iranian children
No full textObjectives
High-level aminoglycoside, ampicillin and vancomycin resistance and virulence genes among enterococci isolates collected from healthy middle-school children in Ardabil, Iran, were investigated.
Methods
Totally, 305 fecal specimens were collected during 2017. Isolates were subjected to antimicrobial susceptibility testing, detection of virulence genes and molecular typing.
Results
Totally, 409 isolates were collected with E. faecium as the most common species 235(77%), followed by E. faecalis 56(18%) and other Enterococcus spp. 118(38%). Overall, 71(17.3%), 11(2.7%) and 10(2.4%) of the isolates were identified as high-level streptomycin-resistant (HLSR), high-level gentamicin-resistant (HLGR) and ampicillin-resistant (AR) Enterococcus spp., respectively. From HLSR isolates; 42(59%), 4(5.63%) and 25(35.2%) were E. faecium, E. faecalis and other Enterococcus spp., respectively. Of the HLGR isolates; 4(36.4%) and 7(63.6%) and AR isolates; 7(70%) and 3(30%) were including E. faecium and other Enterococcus spp. respectively. Accordingly, 23.3%, 3.6% and 3% of subjects were found to be colonized with HLSR-, HLGR- and AR-Enterococcus spp. Carriage of HLGR, HLSR and AR isolates were associated with prior antibiotic consumption (P < 0.05). Additionally, male gender and anti-acid consumption were associated with AR-enterococci carriage. Sixty-nine (97.9%) and 9(90%) of the HLSR and HLGR isolates were multidrug-resistant, respectively. No vancomycin-resistant enterococci were detected. ERIC-PCR revealed high genetic diversity among the isolates. gelE and asa1 were the major virulence genes in both E. faecalis and E. faecium isolates. The presence of gelE, was associated with HLSR and HLGR phenotypes (P < 0.05).
Conclusions
The intestinal carriage of HLSR-enterococci was high in our community. However, carriage with HLGR and AR-enterococci is low
MEFV Gene Variant Alleles in Normal Population of Northwestof Iran, Which Is Near to Mediterranean Sea
Get PDFBackground and Objective. MEFV gene codes the pyrine protein that has major role in FMF as an autoinflammatory disorder. FMF is more often seen in the people of the Mediterranean area. Considering the significant role of MEFV gene in many rheumatologic diseases and even nonrheumatologic disorders, it is necessary to identify different variations of these mutations in the healthy and normal population of this area. Methods. 224 healthy (unaffected or control) people based on the Cochran formula entered this study. The blood samples were screened for the 12 common MEFV gene variants polymorphisms according to manufacturer’s instructions (FMF Strip Assay, Vienna lab, Vienna, Austria). They filled a questionnaire containing required information. All healthy control cases initially were evaluated for FMF symptoms and signs in themselves and their first-degree relatives based on clinical criteria. All data were analyzed by simple statistical method. Results. Among 224 healthy control cases, 113 (50.4%) were male and 111 (49.6%) female. There were MEFV variants alleles in 57 patients (25%): 28 were male (49.1%) and 29 female (50.9%). The most frequent variants were E148Q (18.3%), followed by P369S (3.1%), V726A (2.2%), A744S (1.3%), and F479L, M694V, and R761H (0.8%), and eventually K695R (0.4%), respectively. Some variants such as M694I, M680I (G/C), M680I (G/A), and I692del were not seen in these samples. There were compound heterozygote variations of E148Q/P369S, E148Q/V726A, E148Q/P369S, and P369S/F479L in normal population without any findings in favor of FMF. Conclusion. Twenty-five percent of the normal populations of the northwest of Iran are carrying MEFV gene variants, and the most common mutation is E148Q (18.3%). The presence of M694I, M680I (G/C), M680I (G/A), I692del mutations in the normal population can be interpreted cautiously, while particular compound heterozygote mutations can be considered as normal variants
Knowledge and attitude toward epilepsy among Ardabil Medical University students and staff, Ardabil, Iran
Get PDFBackground: Epilepsy is a common neurologic disorder that occurs as frequent seizures. This study investigates the awareness and perception on �epilepsy� amongst Ardabil Medical university staff and students in Ardabil province, Iran. Methodology: In this cross-sectional study, 151 staff and medical students in Ardabil Medical university, Ardabil province, Iran, filled out an investigator designed questionnaire including questions about their knowledge and attitude concerning epilepsy. There were 17 questions in the questionnaire. Nine questions addressed the knowledge and the rest were about attitude and perception. Results: 151 samples completed the questionnaires. Most of participants had proper awareness about the definition about epilepsy; whereas, approximately 93.4% had heard about the term epilepsy. Most of participants had a positive attitude towards epilepsy; however, misconceptions and negative attitudes were observed. Conclusion: Results showed that the awareness of participants about the etiology of epilepsy and their attitude was in moderate level, hence, educational programs by health centers for increasing the people awareness and attitudes about epilepsy is essential
Synthesis of MnO2/CdTiO3 nano-structure for high performance photocatalysis and antimicrobial application
No full textA MnO2/CdTiO3 is prepared by a simple chemical method. The organic compound such as antibiotics is a contaminant found in large amounts in pharmaceutical industrial wastewater. Pharmaceutical compounds are toxic. The nano‐product was characterized by SEM, XRD, XPS, DLS and UV–vis DRS revealed that the MnO2 nanoparticles were supported on the CdTiO3 surface. The crystallite size was found as 72.11 nm, and 38.13 nm for CdTiO3, and MnCdTi‐1 nanocomposites, respectively. The prepared catalyst was used for photo‐degradation of cephalexin under UV light irradiation. The result implies the complete degradation of cephalexin was carried out at 80 min for MnCdTi‐2 nanocomposites (88.88%) due to this catalyst has the lowest band gap compared to the other catalyst. The MnO2/CdTiO3 was selected for fungicidal and bactericidal efficiency against Aspergillus flavus, and candida albicans and Escherichia coli, and Staphylococcus aureus. The MnO2/CdTiO3–2 has great activity is compared with the other MnO2/CdTiO3–0 and MnO2/CdTiO3–1 samples
Evaluation of Plasma Calcium in the Patient with Recurrent Aphthous Stomatitis
Get PDFIntroduction: Recurrent aphthous stomatitis (RAS) is one of the most common oral diseases. RAS characterized by recurring ulcers in the oral mucosa without any sign of other diseases. Aphthous ulcers are painful and shallow, usually covered with a grayish white pseudo-membrane that is surrounded by an erythematous margin. Many factors are involving in the etiology of RAS, systemic diseases, immunologic disorders, genetics, allergy, nutrition, and microbial.
With respect to the role of calcium in wound healing procedures and regulating immune system, serum calcium levels can be considered as one of the factors causing the RAS. This study was aimed to investigate the serum total and ionized calcium of patients with RAS.
Method and Materials: In this case- control study, 32 patients with oral Recurrent Aphthous Stomatitis and 32 controls were selected randomly and their total and ionized serum calcium were investigated by Special kit and ISE method respectively. Descriptive statistics as well as Chi-squared test, were applied to analyze the data using SPSS19 software.
Results: The mean total and ionized serum calcium in the patient group were 9.77mg/dl and 5.6mmol/L while for control group were 9.75mg/dl and 4.48 mmol/L respectively. The serum level of ionized serum calcium showed statistically significant differences between the control and subject groups.
Conclusion: It was found that the ionized serum calcium in the patients with oral Recurrent Aphthous Stomatitis is significantly higher than the control group
Comparison of intravenous Acetaminophen and Morphine Sulfate for abdominal pain management in patients with acute abdomen
Get PDFBackground: Pain management is a crucial component in the postoperative care of patient. Opioids, which have been the mainstay of postoperative pain control for some time, are being used less because of significant adverse effects. Recently Intravenous acetaminophen that is an analgesic and antipyretic drug is used for reducing postoperative pain. Our Objective in this study was to use intravenous acetaminophen as an analgesic and antipyretic drug with the least complications and more safe than intravenous opioids for comparison with the effects of intravenous morphine sulfate in patients with acute abdominal surgery referred to emergency department of Fatemi Hospital.
Methods: 120 patients with acute abdomen will be assigned into the study by randomized allocation. Demographic data, pain severity in admission to the emergency department and 30 minutes after injection, vital signs in admission, side effects, and clinical findings will record questionnaires. The pain level, tenderness and the rebound tenderness of the patients will determine by the Visual Analog scale. The subjects will be divided into two groups A and B randomly. The intravenous acetaminophen (15 mg/kg/100cc normal saline in the form of intravenous infusion for 30 minutes) will be administered for group (A) and intravenous morphine sulphate (0.1 mg/kg Slow-acting intravenous injection for 1.5 to 2 minutes) will be administered for group (B). After 30, 60 and 90 minutes, the patient's pain is re-examined. Changes in the patient's pain, tenderness, rebound tenderness and side effects will documented in two groups and they will be compared. Finally, the collected data will be analyzed.
Results: The mean age of patients in acetaminophen group was 58.24±8.06 years with a mean age of 27-26 years and in morphine group was 56.7±7.63 years with age range of 34-69 years. There was no significant relationship between age and effect of intravenous acetaminophen and venous morphine sulphate (p=0.16). The mean of pain before injection of intravenous acetaminophen group was 8.92±1.25 and the mean pain before injection of morphine group was 8.80±1.35. There was no significant difference between the mean pain before injection of patients in the intravenous staphylococci group and the morphine group (p=0.049). The mean pain after injection of intravenous acetaminophen group was 4.46±1.25 and the mean pain after injection of the morphine group was 2.56±1.71. The mean pain after injection was significantly higher in patients with intravenous acetaminophen than in the morphine group (p<0.001).
Conclusion: Due to the effectiveness of morphine in relieving the pain of patients, it is recommended that doctors and associates use this painkiller to relieve pain in patients
