Ardabil University of Medical Sciences
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Nurse–Physician Collaboration and the Professional Autonomy of Intensive Care Units Nurses
Get PDFBackground and aims: Poor collaboration between the physicians and the nurses may interfere with nursing performance in patient care. This
study aimed to determine the nurse–physician collaboration and professional autonomy of intensive care nurses.
Subjects and methods: This descriptive correlational study was performed on 126 nurses working in the intensive care units (ICUs) of Ardabil,
Iran. The data were collected using the Jefferson scale of attitudes toward physician–nurse collaboration’ (JSAPNC) and the Dempster Practice
Behavior Scale (DPBS). The results were analyzed using descriptive statistics (mean, standard deviation, and frequency) and inferential statistics
(t-test, ANOVA, and Pearson).
Results: The mean score of the nurse–physician collaboration was found to be 47.83 ± 3.9, which indicates good collaboration between
physicians and nurses in the ICUs. The results showed that 73% of the nurses reported a moderate autonomy and 27% of them considered
their autonomy to be high. There was no significant relationship between the nurse–physician collaboration and the professional autonomy
of the nurses (p >0.05).
Conclusion: The nurses who participated in this study had a positive attitude toward collaboration with the physicians and a moderate level
of professional autonomy. Interventions may be required to further enhance the level of nurse–physician collaboration and the professional
autonomy of nurses.
Keywords: Autonomy, Collaboration, Critical care unit, Nurse, Physicia
Epidemiologic study of ischemic stroke in patients admitted to Alavi hospital during 2019
Get PDFBackground and Objective: Cerebrovascular diseases are the most prevalent among adult neurological diseases in terms of importance and frequency, and at least 50% of neurological disorders in a public hospital belong to this category. But despite the importance and high incidence of this disease, less attention has been paid to it than other diseases. The aim of this study was to evaluate the epidemiology of ischemic stroke in patients referred to Alavi Hospital during 2019
Methods: In this study, after confirmation of ischemic stroke based on clinical and imaging data, patients were enrolled. Inclusion criteria: Acute stroke is an acute onset of neurological focal symptoms that lasted more than 24 hours, despite changes in Brain.CT in favor of ischemic injury. All patient information was entered into a questionnaire containing multiple questions such as the time of vascular attack, the type of vascular lesion based on the artery involved, the type of risk factor, the time of emergency, the time of initiation of diagnostic and therapeutic measures, and then the information was analyzed.
Results: findings showed that 294 (43.5%) out of 676 patients were men and the rest were women. The study showed that the mean age of the subjects was 25-98 years and the mean age was 69.3 13 ±13.2 years. The mean age of women with ischemic stroke was more than men. Hours and 35% of patients over 12 hours and 40% of patients referred between 4.5 hours and 12 hours. Symptoms, like other studies, were the most common motor symptoms, mostly in the upper limbs. ACA involvement was higher after MCA than PCA, whereas PCA involvement was greater than ACA in all studies. This is probably due to the fact that in some cases the MCA overlap region overlaps with the ACA and is recorded by the CT reporter as the ACA. In the case of vascular involvement, MCA was 61%, with MCA reported to be the most common.
Conclusion: Among the risk factors, only the relationship between AF and the rural city was significant.
The relationship between vascular involvement was only significant with CVA. There was no significant relationship between vascular involvement with age and sex.
There was no statistically significant relationship between sex and Doppler results. Of the risk factors, only the association between CVA and MRI results was significant. The others were not meaningful. Among the risk factors, only the association between AF and CVA with CT was significant. The others were not meaningful people or urban were significantly less likely to reach the emergency room. The correlation between Doppler results and vascular involvement on CT and MRI was not significan
Evaluation and comparison of the maternal and neonatal complications prevalence before and after Health Transformation Plan (HTP) implementation
Get PDFBackground and objective: Childbirth is the most important stage of pregnancy. Natural delivery is the best type of delivery with fewer complications. The health transformation plan has been implemented in 2014 with the aim of reducing cesarean delivery and promoting maternal and newborn health. In this program, vaginal delivery process has been done without asking for any operational fees due to motivate mothers to deliver their babies by vaginal birth. On the other hand, the income of obstetrician and antenatal team has been increased for motivating the treatment team to perform natural born. Moreover, more equipment and facilities have been provided to make the natural child birth more accepted and also to increase the health state of both the mother and new born babies. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of health plan on complications of vaginal delivery and cesarean section.
Methods : This study was a descriptive-analytical study that cross-sectional data were collected before and after the health transformation plan from 880 mothers in two groups of natural delivery and cesarean section (220 samples in each group) that was gathered from patients information and HIS and hospital statistics. A researcher-made checklist based on the purpose of the study was used for data collection. Data were analyzed using SPSS software version 22.
Results: : The rate of natural delivery decreased from 51.4% to 60.2% before and after the plan of health transformation, and the rate of cesarean section increased from 48.6% to 39.8%. The rate of postpartum hemorrhage requiring intervention increased increased(p <0.001). The rate of hysterectomy and readmission and PPH in both groups did not change before and after the health plan. Perinatal injury rate, use of interventions such as episiotomy and pain relief decreased, hospitalization in neonatal ward increased, and NICU hospitalization unchanged. The pattern of cesarean delivery showed that the most common cause of cesarean section was recurrent cesarean which was not performed without indication despite the change in delivery pattern of cesarean section before the health transformation plan.
Conclusion : Due to the increase in natural delivery statistics, it is recommended to increase the physical space, equipment, skilled personnel, and skill and commitment of physiological delivery and accurate data recording. Increased post-transfusion hemorrhage can be attributed to the greater number of deliveries and the emphasis on continuing the natural delivery process. The reason for the decrease in complications can be attributed to more facilities and facilities for performing normal vaginal deliver
Prevalence of Helicobacter Pylori among 1-69 years old Ardabil population in 2018: A high incidence province for gastric cancer
Get PDFBackground and Objective: Helicobacter pylori (H. Pylori) infects approximately half of the world's population. Once H. Pylori colonize the stomach, it persists for a lifetime. It is a major risk factor for gastrointestinal diseases especially gastric cancer. Ardabil province, in northwestern Iran, has the highest rate of gastric cancer in Iran. H. Pylori infection rate as the main risk factor of gastric cancer varies by region. This study, as part of an international study, was designed to determine the prevalence of H. Pylori infection in the population.
Methods: The study population included a population-based sample of 700 individuals equally stratified by gender and 10-year age groups. Subjects were randomly selected from the Ardabil population aged 1 to 69 years. Participants were asked to answer an extensive risk factor questionnaire and to provide blood and stool sample.
Results: A total number of 700 subjects were recruited with the average age of 34.4 ±19.7 years, of whom 351 (50.1%) were male and 349 (49.9%) female. Approximately half (50.1%) of subjects infected by H. Pylori with a similar rate in both genders. H. pylori infection rate was positively associated with age, smoking and BMI (P <0.05) while, parent’s education had negative association with H. Pylori infection.
Conclusion: The prevalence of H. Pylori in the Ardabil population aged 1 to 69 was 50.1%
Spatial Epidemiology of tuberculosis in Ardabil Province: based on Geographical Information System
Get PDFBackground: Tuberculosis is an infectious disease that causes more than three million deaths annually worldwide.
Aim: The present study was designed to distribution and of high-risk regions by using of GIS.
Methods: This descriptive cross-sectional study was determined the distribution of all tuberculosis patients in Ardabil Province 2007 - 2018.All patient’s data was collected from Central Diseases Control (CDC) of Ardabil University of Medical Sciences.ArcMap-10.4.1, Moran Index and IDW Interpolation were used to analyse this distribution and its relationship with the contributing factors.
Results: A total of 1619 cases of tuberculosis had been reported that 52% female and 48% male. The mean incidence rate of the disease was 13 per 100000. The incidence rate was higher in the northern regions of the province compared to its southern regions. Assessments based on the Moran index showed a positive spatial autocorrelation between tuberculosis and location and the disease distribution was in cluster form rather than random. The center and north of Ardabil province were identified as the two hot spots of TB incidence.
Conclusions: The main factors potentially contributing to the increased incidence of TB in these regions including the moderate climate with a relative air stagnation in the north of the province, i.e. the areas neighbouring Azerbaijan Republic, with the constant commute of travellers through the border and the relatively poor and dense immigrant population in the suburbs of Ardabil as the provincial capital
Analysis of apoptosis related genes in nurses exposed to anti-neoplastic drugs
Get PDFBackground
Anti-neoplastic agents are widely used in the treatment of cancer and some non-neoplastic diseases. These drugs have been proved to be carcinogens, teratogens, and mutagens. Concern exists regarding the possible dangers of the staff handling anti-cancer drugs. The long-term exposure of nurses to anti-neoplastic drugs is still a controversial issue. The purpose of this study was to monitor cellular toxicity parameters and gene expression in nurses who work in chemotherapy wards and compare them to nurses who work in other wards.
Methods
To analyze the apoptosis-related genes overexpression and cytotoxicity effects, peripheral blood lymphocytes obtained from oncology nurses and the control group.
The results
Significant alterations in four analyzed apoptosis-related genes were observed in oncology nurses. In most individual samples being excavated, Bcl-2 overexpression is superior to that of Bax. Prominent P53 and Hif-1α up-regulation were observed in oncology nurses. Moreover, all cytotoxicity parameters (cell viability, ROS formation, MMP collapse, Lysosomal membrane damage, Lipid peroxidation, Caspase 3 activity and Apoptosis phenotype) in exposed oncology nurses were significantly (p < 0.001) higher than those of unexposed control nurses. Up-regulation of three analyzed apoptosis-related genes were observed in nurses occupationally exposed to anti-cancer drugs.
Conclusion
Our data show that oxidative stress and mitochondrial toxicity induced by anti-neoplastic drugs lead to overexpression of apoptosis-related genes in oncology nurses
Association of Vitamin D with blood pressure and obesity in prinzmetal angina
Get PDFVitamin D deficiency is a main risk factor for cardiovascular disease. Low serum Vitamin D can increase blood pressure and weight in person. A case-control study was conducted on 69 matched pairs, aged 40-60 years. Vitamin D was measured by Chemi-luminescence immunoassay method. There was significant difference in serum 25-Hydroxy Vitamin D between groups of study (P= 0.0001). The mean ± SD of 25-Hydroxy Vitamin D in prinzmetal angina was 12.16 ± 5.21 and in healthy persons was 23.44 ± 2.52 ng/ml. Between Vitamin D and waist circumference there was significant association in prinzmetal patients (p= 0.04, β= 0.236). There was not significant relation between Vitamin D with blood pressure and BMI in study participants (P≥0.05). Vitamin D can effect on obesity in prinzmetal angina patients. © Mattioli 1885
Microleakage evaluation of nanofilled and microhybrid composite resin restorations after nonvital bleaching in endodontically treated teeth(in vitro study)
Get PDFIntroduction: since there had been no study on the effect of bleaching agents on microleakage of this type of new nanofilled composites and regarding the importance of using these new composite materials to reduce the microleakage in composite fillings using composite following the bleaching, this study is aimed at investigating the microleakage of the new nanofilled composite material compared with the micro-hybrid composite following bleaching of nonvital tooth.
Methods: root canal therapy was done on 50 extracted human maxillary incisors. Walking bleaching technique was done by using the combination of 30-35% hydrogen peroxide and sodium perborate paste for bleaching the nonvital teeth a week before the repair. The teeth were randomly divided into two groups. In group 1, micro-hybrid composite restoration was used according to the manufacturer’s instruction and in group 2, nanofilled composite was used after 48-hour thermocycling operation; the teeth were placed in 2% methylene blue solution. The teeth were cut along the longitude of the teeth, and the occlusal and gingival surfaces were observed under the microscope.
Results: the results of independent t-test showed that the average leakage of composite restoration in the nanofilled group at the gingival surface is less than the microhybrid group and this difference is statistically significant (P˂0.05), and also, the average leakage of composite restoration in the nanofilled group at the occlusal surface is less than microhybrid group and this difference is also statistically significant (P˂0.05).
Conclusion: the overall conclusion is that the average microleakage of composite restoration in the nanofilled group at both occlusal and gingival surfaces is less than composite restoration in microhybrid group, and in general, the average microleakage at gingival surface in both types of composite is more than the occlusal surfac